https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Govinda_IIIGovinda III - Revision history2026-08-17T14:11:10ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Govinda_III&diff=464998&oldid=prevAdmin: added formatting for accuracy and updated info as per guidelines2025-12-31T23:44:53Z<p>added formatting for accuracy and updated info as per guidelines</p>
<a href="//en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Govinda_III&diff=464998&oldid=119285">Show changes</a>Adminhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Govinda_III&diff=119285&oldid=prev>Pied Hornbill: reverted by IP and user Manoj Kumar Kannadiga.2021-06-26T16:29:35Z<p>reverted by IP and user Manoj Kumar Kannadiga.</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox royalty<br />
| reign = 793 - 814 CE<br />
}}<br />
{{Rashtrakuta Manyakheta Kings Infobox}}<br />
[[File:Old Kannada inscription (left-800AD and right-797 AD) of Rashtrakuta King Govinda III at Mavali.jpg|thumb|upright|Poetic old Kannada inscription (left-800AD, right-797 AD) of Rashtrakuta King Govinda III at Mavali, Dharwad district]]<br />
'''Govinda III''' (reign 793–814 CE) was a famous [[Rashtrakuta]] ruler who succeeded his illustrious father [[Dhruva Dharavarsha]]. He was militarily the most successful emperor of the dynasty with successful conquests-from [[Cape Comorin]] in the south to [[Kannauj]] in the north, from [[Banaras]] in the east to Broach ([[Bharuch]]) in the west. He held such titles as ''Prabhutavarsha'', ''Jagattunga'', ''Anupama'', ''Kirthinarayana'', ''Prithvivallabha'', ''Shrivallabha'', ''Vimaladitya'', ''Atishayadhavala'' and ''Tribhuvanadhavala''. From the Someshvara inscription of 804 it is known that Gamundabbe was his chief queen.<br />
<br />
==War of Succession==<br />
Though Govinda III became the emperor it was not before having to face some internal family feuds. His elder brother [[Kambarasa]] (also known as Stambha) who coveted the throne went to war having formed an alliance of twelve chiefs as written in the Navasari record.<ref name="record">From two records of 808, [[Bisheshwar Nath Reu|Reu]] (1933), p64</ref> Other records like the Sisvayi and Sanjan records mention support to Govinda III from brother Indra and victory against the combined forces of Kambarasa.<ref name="vic">Kamath (2001), p76</ref> Shivamara II of [[Western Ganga Dynasty|Ganga Dynasty]] of [[Talakad]] had joined Kambarasa but after the defeat was imprisoned for a second time while Kambarasa was pardoned and allowed to govern from [[Gangavadi]].<br />
<br />
==Capture of Kannauj==<br />
From his capital in Mayurkhandi in [[Bidar district]], Govinda III conducted his northern campaign in 800 C.E.. He successfully obtained the submission of [[Gurjara-Pratihara]] [[Nagabhata II]], [[Dharmapala of Bengal|Dharmapala]] of [[Pala Empire]] and the incumbent puppet ruler of Kannauj, Chakrayudha. It is said Nagabhata II ran away from the battle field. The Sanjan plates of Govinda III mentions that the horse of Govinda III drank the icy liquid bubbling in the [[Himalaya]]n stream and his war elephants tasted the holy waters of the [[Ganges]].<ref name="vic"/> The rulers of [[Magadha]] and [[Bengal]] also submitted to him. An inscription of 813 states the Govinda III conquered [[Lata (region)|Lata]] (southern and central Gujarat) and made his brother Indra the ruler of the territory. This in effect became a branch of the Rashtrakuta Empire.<ref name="branch">Reu (1933), p66</ref> However, another opinion is Govinda III had control over the regions between [[Vindhya]]s and [[Malwa]] in the north to [[Kanchi]] in the south, while the heart of his empire extended from the [[Narmada River|Narmada]] to [[Tungabhadra]] rivers.<ref name="branch"/><br />
After the conquest of [[Malwa]] Govinda III ensured the [[Paramara dynasty]] would rule as vassals of the [[Rashtrakuta dynasty]] in 800 CE.<ref>A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th century by Upinder Singh p.569</ref><br />
<br />
==Southern conquests==<br />
[[File:Old Kannada inscription (800 AD) from Didgur of Chalukya chief Kattiyara of Banavasi-12000 province during rule of Rashtrakuta king Govinda III.jpg|thumb|upright|Fragmentary Old Kannada inscription (800 AD) from Didgur, Dharwad district, Karnataka, during rule of Rashtrakuta king Govinda III]] <br />
The [[Eastern Chalukyas]] who had taken an antagonistic stand against the Rashtrakutas again had to face the wrath of Govinda III, who defeated Chalukya Vijayaditya II and installed Bhima Salki as its ruler. He further defeated the king of [[Kosala|Kaushal]] (Kosala) and occupied parts of Andhra and defeated [[Pallava]] Dantivarman in 803 at Kanchi. He even obtained the submission of the King of [[Ceylon]] without even going to battle. The King of [[Ceylon]] is said to have sent him two statues, one of himself and another of his minister as an act of submission.<ref name="tribute">Kamath (2001), p77</ref> The Nasari record states that now all the kingdoms of Tamil country, the [[Cholas]], [[Pandyas]] and the Keralas paid their tribute to Govinda III.<ref name="tribute"/><br />
<br />
Never had the Rashtrakuta Empire reach such levels of military success and zenith of glory.<ref name="zenith">A.S. Altekar in (Kamath 2001, p77)</ref> Govinda III died in 814.<ref name=sen>{{cite book|last1=Sen|first1=Sailendra Nath|title=Textbook of medieval Indian history.|date=2013|publisher=Primus Books|isbn=9789380607344|page=20}}</ref> His brother Indra during this time founded the Gujarat (Lata) branch. He was succeeded by his son [[Amoghavarsha|Amoghavarsha I]].<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
*{{cite book |last= Sastri|first= Nilakanta K.A.|title= A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar|orig-year=1955|year=2002|publisher= Indian Branch, Oxford University Press|location= New Delhi|isbn= 0-19-560686-8}}<br />
*{{cite book |last= Kamath|first= Suryanath U.|title= A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present|orig-year=1980|year= 2001|publisher= Jupiter books|location= Bangalore|oclc= 7796041 |lccn=80905179}}<br />
*{{cite book |last=Reu|first= Pandit Bisheshwar Nath |title=History of The Rashtrakutas (Rathodas)|orig-year=1933|year=1997|publisher= Publication scheme|location= Jaipur|isbn= 81-86782-12-5}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061104095148/http://www.ourkarnataka.com/history.htm History of Karnataka, Mr. Arthikaje]<br />
<br />
{{S-start}}<br />
{{Succession box |<br />
before= [[Dhruva Dharavarsha]] |<br />
title= [[Rashtrakuta|Rashtrakuta Emperor]] |<br />
years= 793–814 |<br />
after= [[Amoghavarsha]]<br />
}}<br />
{{s-end}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Govinda 03}}<br />
[[Category:814 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]<br />
[[Category:Rashtrakuta dynasty]]<br />
[[Category:8th-century Indian monarchs]]<br />
[[Category:9th-century monarchs in Asia]]</div>>Pied Hornbill