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← Older revision		Revision as of 15:20, 29 June 2022
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	{{Short description\|Military unit of the Indian Army}}		{{Short description\|Military unit of the Indian Army}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=August ~~2022~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2020}}
	[[File:Indian Army soldiers with the 2nd Battalion, 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles and U.S. Army paratroopers with the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division move toward their objective after being dropped off 130511-A-DK678-018.jpg\|thumb\|Men of the 2nd Battalion, [[5th Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)]] of the [[Indian Army]] operating alongside soldiers from the [[82nd Airborne Division]] of the [[US Army]] in 2013]]		[[File:Indian Army soldiers with the 2nd Battalion, 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles and U.S. Army paratroopers with the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division move toward their objective after being dropped off 130511-A-DK678-018.jpg\|thumb\|Men of the 2nd Battalion, [[5th Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)]] of the [[Indian Army]] operating alongside soldiers from the [[82nd Airborne Division]] of the [[US Army]] in 2013]]
	Since the independence of India in 1947, as per the terms of the [[Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement]], six '''Gorkha regiments''', formerly part of the [[British Indian Army]], became part of the [[Indian Army]] and have served ever since. The troops are mainly from ethnic [[Gurkha]] communities of Nepal. A seventh Gorkha Rifles regiment was re-raised in the Indian Army after Independence to accommodate Gorkha soldiers of [[7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles\|7th Gurkha Rifles]] and the [[10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles\|10th Gurkha Rifles]] who chose not to transfer to the [[British Army]].		Since the independence of India in 1947, as per the terms of the [[Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement]], six '''Gorkha regiments''', formerly part of the [[British Indian Army]], became part of the [[Indian Army]] and have served ever since. The troops are mainly from ethnic [[Gurkha]] communities of Nepal. A seventh Gorkha Rifles regiment was re-raised in the Indian Army after Independence to accommodate Gorkha soldiers of [[7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles\|7th Gurkha Rifles]] and the [[10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles\|10th Gurkha Rifles]] who chose not to transfer to the [[British Army]].
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	[[File:Gorkha Hat logo.svg\|thumb\|{{small\|Illustration of '''Gorkha Hat''', commonly used by as a banner by Gorkha Regiment.}}\|alt=\|center]]		[[File:Gorkha Hat logo.svg\|thumb\|{{small\|Illustration of '''Gorkha Hat''', commonly used by as a banner by Gorkha Regiment.}}\|alt=\|center]]

	The Gorkha hat is wide brimmed and comprises two layers of material. It is made of felt and is worn tilted.<ref name="thegurkhamuseum">{{cite web \|title=The Gorkha Hat – The Gorkha Museum \|url=https://thegurkhamuseum.co.uk/the-gorkha-hat/ \|website=thegurkhamuseum.co.uk \|access-date=3 January ~~2022~~}}</ref> It was originally adopted prior to World War I for wear with the khak drill service uniform of the time. The round "pill-box" cap worn with the traditional rifle-green dress uniform of Gorkha regiments was retained after 1947 for off-duty use.<ref>{{cite book\|first=John\|last=Gaylor\|pages=328–329\|title=Sons of John Company. The Indian & Pakistan Armies 1903-1991\| year=1992 \|isbn=0-946771-98-7}}</ref>		The Gorkha hat is wide brimmed and comprises two layers of material. It is made of felt and is worn tilted.<ref name="thegurkhamuseum">{{cite web \|title=The Gorkha Hat – The Gorkha Museum \|url=https://thegurkhamuseum.co.uk/the-gorkha-hat/ \|website=thegurkhamuseum.co.uk \|access-date=3 January 2020}}</ref> It was originally adopted prior to World War I for wear with the khak drill service uniform of the time. The round "pill-box" cap worn with the traditional rifle-green dress uniform of Gorkha regiments was retained after 1947 for off-duty use.<ref>{{cite book\|first=John\|last=Gaylor\|pages=328–329\|title=Sons of John Company. The Indian & Pakistan Armies 1903-1991\| year=1992 \|isbn=0-946771-98-7}}</ref>

	==In popular culture==		==In popular culture==

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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
[[File:Indian Army soldiers with the 2nd Battalion, 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles and U.S. Army paratroopers with the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division move toward their objective after being dropped off 130511-A-DK678-018.jpg|thumb|Men of the 2nd Battalion, [[5th Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)]] operating alongside soldiers from the [[82nd Airborne Division]] of the US Army in 2013]]
Since the independence of India in 1947, as per the terms of the [[Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement]], six '''Gorkha regiments''', formerly part of the [[British Indian Army]], became part of the [[Indian Army]] and have served ever since. The troops are mainly from ethnic [[Gorkhas|Gurkha]] community of [[Nepal]]. They carry their signature, a [[Kukri]] knife, with them. A seventh Gorkha Rifles regiment was re-raised in the Indian Army after Independence to accommodate Gorkha soldiers of [[7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles|7th Gurkha Rifles]] and the [[10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles|10th Gurkha Rifles]] who chose not to transfer to the [[British Army]].

==History==
{{anchor| History }}

===Origins===
{{See also | British Indian Army | Brigade_of_Gurkhas#History | l2= Brigade of Gurkhas history | Royal_Gurkha_Rifles#History | l3 = Royal Gurkha Rifles history | Gurkhas }}

Impressed by the fighting qualities displayed by the Gorkhas during the [[Gurkha War]], [[David Ochterlony|Sir David Ochterlony]] was quick to realise the potential of the Gorkhas in the [[British Indian Army]]. Until then, Gorkha defectors were generally used as irregular forces. On 24 April 1815, the first battalion of the Gorkha Regiment, was raised as the Nasiri regiment. This regiment later became the [[1GR|1st King George's Own Gurkha Rifles]], and saw action at the Maulun fort under Lieutenant Lawtie.

They were instrumental in the expansion of the [[British East India Company]] throughout the [[subcontinent]]. The Gorkhas took part in the [[Gurkha-Sikh War]], [[Anglo-Sikh wars]], [[European influence in Afghanistan|Afghan wars]], and in suppressing the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]. Throughout these years, the British continued to recruit the Gorkhas and kept increasing the number of Gorkha regiments.

By the time First World War started, there were 10 Gorkha (spelt Gurkha at the time) regiments in the [[British Indian Army]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Boris|last=Mollo|page=155|title=The India Army|ISBN=0-7137-1074-8}}</ref>

The Gorkha regiments played a major role as part of the Commonwealth armies during both World Wars seeing action from [[Monte Cassino]] in the west to [[Rangoon]] in the east, and earning extensive [[battle honour]]s. During the North African campaign, the German [[Afrika Korps|Afrikakorps]] accorded respect to the Nepalese knife [[khukri]]-wielding Gorkhas.

===Post-independence of India ===
[[File:Memorial to the Gorkha Soldiers at Batasia Loop, Darjeeling.jpg|right|thumb|300px|War memorial to slain Gorkha soldiers, [[Batasia Loop]], [[Darjeeling]].]]

Following India's independence, India, Nepal and Great Britain signed a [[Britain-India-Nepal Tripartite Agreement]] in 1947. Provision was made for six of the 10 Gorkha regiments in the [[British Indian Army]] to transfer to the new [[Indian Army]]:<ref name=gur1>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051102065812/http://www.singapore21.org.sg/art_talent.html Gurkha regiment history in Singapore], singapore21.org.sg.</ref><ref name=gorakh1/> This agreement did not apply to Gurkhas employed in the Nepalese Army. As of 2020, India has 39 Gorkha battalions serving in 7 Gorkha regiments.<ref name=gorakh1>[https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/gurkha-recruitment-legacy-of-past-says-nepal-calls-1947-tripartite-agreement-redundant/630297 Gurkha recruitment legacy of past, says Nepal; calls 1947 tripartite agreement 'redundant'], Times of India, 31 July 2020.</ref>

The four Gurkha regiments transferred to the British Army were posted to other, remaining, British colonies. In [[Federation of Malaya|Malaya]] and Singapore, their presence was required in the [[Malayan Emergency]], and they were to replace the [[Sikhs in the Indian and British Armies|Sikh]] unit in Singapore which reverted to the Indian Army on Indian independence. Those units in Malaya (Malaysia and Brunei) and Singapore, after these British colonies gained independence, are still part of Brunei and Singapore armed forces respectively.

The six regiments incorporated in the new army of Independent India were:
*[[1 Gorkha Rifles|1st King George V's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Malaun Regiment)]]
*[[3 Gorkha Rifles|3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles]]
*[[4 Gorkha Rifles|4th Prince of Wales's Own Gurkha Rifles]]
*[[5 Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)|5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force)]]
*[[8 Gorkha Rifles|8th Gurkha Rifles]]
*[[9 Gorkha Rifles|9th Gurkha Rifles]]
In 1949, the spelling of 'Gurkha' in the Indian Army was changed to the traditional 'Gorkha', while upon becoming a republic in 1950, all royal titles associated with the Indian Gorkha regiments were dropped.

Following the divisions of the Gorkha regiments, it was decided that transferring to the British Army would be a voluntary decision for the individual Gorkha soldiers affected. As a result, large numbers of men from the [[7th Gurkha Rifles]] and the [[10th Gurkha Rifles]], which recruited predominantly from eastern Nepal, decided not to remain with their regiments when these became part of the British Army. In order to retain a contingent from this area of Nepal, the Indian Army made the decision to raise the [[11 Gorkha Rifles]]. Although there was an ad hoc regiment with this number, raised during World War 1 with troops drawn from the various existing Gurkha units, the troops mostly retained the uniform and insignias of their respective regiments (with a few exceptions who wore 11 GR badges which was unofficial as no sanction was given for such). This regiment was disbanded in 1922 and has no relation to the present-day 11 Gurkha Rifles, though some do claim so.

Since independence, the Gorkhas have fought in every major campaign involving the Indian Army being awarded numerous battle and theatre honours. The regiments have won many gallantry awards like the [[Param Vir Chakra]] and the [[Maha Vir Chakra]]. The 2/8 Gorkha rifles has given one of the most popular and notable Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw to this nation.

The 5th battalion of 5 Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force), 5/5 GR (FF), fought gallantly in the [[Indian annexation of Hyderabad|Hyderabad police action]] in 1948, during which Nk. Nar Bahadur Thapa of 5/5 GR (FF) earned the first [[Ashoka Chakra (military decoration)|Ashok Chakra]] Class I of independent India, on 15 September 1948. The 1st battalion, 1/5 GR (FF), captured the [[Sehjra]] bulge fighting against a whole Pakistani battalion during the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]. The 4th battalion, 4/5 GR (FF), fought in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971|Battle of Sylhet]], earning the distinction of being the first regiment of the Indian Army to be involved in a heliborne attack. Under the Indian Army, Gorkhas have served in [[Bangladesh liberation war|Bangladesh]], [[IPKF|Sri Lanka]], [[Siachen]], and in the UN peacekeeping missions in [[UNIFIL|Lebanon]], [[UNMIS|Sudan]] and [[UNAMSIL|Sierra Leone]].

Major [[Dhan Singh Thapa]] of the 1st battalion, 8 Gorkha Rifles, 1/8 GR, won the [[Param Vir Chakra]] for his heroic actions during the [[1962 Sino-Indian conflict]]. The 1st battalion of the 11 Gorkha Rifles, 1/11 GR, was involved in the [[Kargil War]] of 1999 where Lt. [[Manoj Kumar Pandey]] won the [[Param Vir Chakra]] for his gallant actions. Lt Hari Singh Bist of the 3rd Battalion of the 11 Gorkha Rifles was awarded a Shaurya Chakra posthumously for his gallant close combat encounter with terrorists of JeM in Mendhar in Kashmir. Lt Bist and his patrol party had got information that a group of terrorists were hiding in a village hut. On receiving the intelligence, Lt Bist volunteered to conduct further surveillance. During the actual encounter, Lt Bist killed five of the militants but was shot five times during the encounter.

==Current structure==

===Current regimental strength===
[[File: Yudh Abhyas 2013, 2nd Batallion, 5th Gurkha Rifles.jpg|right|thumb|Soldiers of the 99th Mountain Brigade's 2nd Battalion, [[5 Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)|5 Gorkha Rifles]], during Yudh Abhyas 2013.]]
Currently, there are 39 battalions serving in 7 Gorkha regiments in the Indian Army. Six regiments were transferred from the [[British Indian Army]], while one was formed after independence;

* [[1 Gorkha Rifles]] – 6 battalions (previously 1st King George V's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Malaun Regiment))
* [[3 Gorkha Rifles]] – 5 battalions (previously 3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles)
* [[4 Gorkha Rifles]] – 5 battalions (previously 4th Prince of Wales's Own Gurkha Rifles)
* [[5 Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)]] – 6 battalions (previously 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force))
* [[8 Gorkha Rifles]] – 6 battalions (In 8 GR the First Battalion is converted into [[Indian Army Mechanised Infantry Regiment|Mechanised Infantry Regiment]])
* [[9 Gorkha Rifles]] – 5 battalions
* [[11 Gorkha Rifles]] – 7 battalions (raised after the independence of India).

=== Regimental Centres ===

[[File:The Gorkha Rifles marching contingents passes through the Rajpath, on the occasion of the 67th Republic Day Parade 2016, in New Delhi on January 26, 2016.jpg|thumb|305x305px|The Gorkha Rifles marching contingents passes through the Rajpath, on the occasion of the 67th Republic Day Parade, 2016.|alt=|right]]

The Regimental Centres of Gorkha Regiments are situated around the major cities in India. Basically there are 4 Gorkha Training Centres across major cities. They are:
* 11 Gorkha Rifles Regimental Centre (11 GRRC) located in [[Lucknow]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
* 14 Gorkha Training Centre (14 GTC) located in [[Sabathu]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* 39 Gorkha Training Centre (39 GTC) located in [[Varanasi]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
* 58 Gorkha Training Centre (58 GTC) located in [[Happy Valley, Shillong, Meghalaya|Happy Valley]], [[Shillong]], [[Meghalaya]]
Apart from this the Gorkhas are mainly recruited from GRD (Gorkha Recruiting Depot) [[Kunraghat]], [[Gorakhpur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]].

=== Affiliations===
The Gorkha Rifle regiments have the following affiliations:

* 15 Rashtriya Rifles battalion – 1 Gorkha Rifles & 4 Gorkha Rifles
* 32 Rashtriya Rifles battalion – 3 Gorkha Rifles & 9 Gorkha Rifles
* 33 Rashtriya Rifles battalion – 5 Gorkha Rifles & 8 Gorkha Rifles
* 137 Composite Eco-Task Force Battalion (Territorial Army) 3 Gorkha Rifles & 9 Gorkha Rifles – Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
* 107 Infantry Battalion Territorial Army (11 Gorkha Rifles) – [[Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]]
The individual Gorkha rifle regiments of India are collectively known for regimental purposes as the 'Gorkha Brigade' between themselves and are not to be confused with the [[Brigade of Gurkhas]] of the British Army.

==Gorkha Hat==
[[File:Bipin Rawat (CDS).jpg|thumb|Gen. [[Bipin Rawat]] wearing the tilted Gorkha Hat.|alt=|center]]

The Gorkha hat is wide brimmed and comprises two layers of material. It is made of felt and is worn tilted.<ref name="thegurkhamuseum">{{cite web |title=The Gorkha Hat – The Gorkha Museum |url=https://thegurkhamuseum.co.uk/the-gorkha-hat/ |website=thegurkhamuseum.co.uk |access-date=3 January 2020}}</ref> It was originally adopted prior to World War I for wear with the khak drill service uniform of the time. The round "pill-box" cap worn with the traditional rifle-green dress uniform of Gorkha regiments was retained after 1947 for off-duty use.<ref>{{cite book|first=John|last=Gaylor|pages=328-329|title=Sons of John Company. The Indian & Pakistan Armies 1903-1991|ISBN=0-946771-98-7}}</ref>

==In popular culture==

A platoon of the [[11 Gorkha Rifles|1/11 Gorkha Rifles]], led by [[Manoj Kumar Pandey|Lt. Manoj Kumar Pandey]], has been depicted in the [[Bollywood]] movie [[LOC: Kargil]].

==See also==
* [[People of Nepal]]
* [[Gurkhas]]
* [[Indian Army]]
* [[British Indian Army]] (1858–1947)
* [[Royal Gurkha Rifles]] (British Army)
* [[Brigade of Gurkhas]] (British Army)
* [[Gurkha Reserve Unit]] (Brunei Armed Forces)
* [[Gurkha Contingent]] (Singapore Police Force)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/standateast.shtml Sir Mark Tully's presentation of the Indian Army during the Second World War]
* [http://www.bharat-rakshak.com Bharat-Rakshak]

{{Gurkha|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gorkha Regiments (India)}}
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1815]]
[[Category:Infantry regiments of the Indian Army from 1947]]
[[Category:British Indian Army infantry regiments]]
[[Category:Mercenary units and formations]]
[[Category:Gurkhas]]
[[Category:Units of the Indian Peace Keeping Force]]
[[Category:1815 establishments in British India]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:20, 29 June 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Military unit of the Indian Army}}		{{Short description\|Military unit of the Indian Army}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=August ~~2022~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2020}}
	[[File:Indian Army soldiers with the 2nd Battalion, 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles and U.S. Army paratroopers with the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division move toward their objective after being dropped off 130511-A-DK678-018.jpg\|thumb\|Men of the 2nd Battalion, [[5th Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)]] of the [[Indian Army]] operating alongside soldiers from the [[82nd Airborne Division]] of the [[US Army]] in 2013]]		[[File:Indian Army soldiers with the 2nd Battalion, 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles and U.S. Army paratroopers with the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division move toward their objective after being dropped off 130511-A-DK678-018.jpg\|thumb\|Men of the 2nd Battalion, [[5th Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)]] of the [[Indian Army]] operating alongside soldiers from the [[82nd Airborne Division]] of the [[US Army]] in 2013]]
	Since the independence of India in 1947, as per the terms of the [[Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement]], six '''Gorkha regiments''', formerly part of the [[British Indian Army]], became part of the [[Indian Army]] and have served ever since. The troops are mainly from ethnic [[Gurkha]] communities of Nepal. A seventh Gorkha Rifles regiment was re-raised in the Indian Army after Independence to accommodate Gorkha soldiers of [[7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles\|7th Gurkha Rifles]] and the [[10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles\|10th Gurkha Rifles]] who chose not to transfer to the [[British Army]].		Since the independence of India in 1947, as per the terms of the [[Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement]], six '''Gorkha regiments''', formerly part of the [[British Indian Army]], became part of the [[Indian Army]] and have served ever since. The troops are mainly from ethnic [[Gurkha]] communities of Nepal. A seventh Gorkha Rifles regiment was re-raised in the Indian Army after Independence to accommodate Gorkha soldiers of [[7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles\|7th Gurkha Rifles]] and the [[10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles\|10th Gurkha Rifles]] who chose not to transfer to the [[British Army]].
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	[[File:Gorkha Hat logo.svg\|thumb\|{{small\|Illustration of '''Gorkha Hat''', commonly used by as a banner by Gorkha Regiment.}}\|alt=\|center]]		[[File:Gorkha Hat logo.svg\|thumb\|{{small\|Illustration of '''Gorkha Hat''', commonly used by as a banner by Gorkha Regiment.}}\|alt=\|center]]

	The Gorkha hat is wide brimmed and comprises two layers of material. It is made of felt and is worn tilted.<ref name="thegurkhamuseum">{{cite web \|title=The Gorkha Hat – The Gorkha Museum \|url=https://thegurkhamuseum.co.uk/the-gorkha-hat/ \|website=thegurkhamuseum.co.uk \|access-date=3 January ~~2022~~}}</ref> It was originally adopted prior to World War I for wear with the khak drill service uniform of the time. The round "pill-box" cap worn with the traditional rifle-green dress uniform of Gorkha regiments was retained after 1947 for off-duty use.<ref>{{cite book\|first=John\|last=Gaylor\|pages=328–329\|title=Sons of John Company. The Indian & Pakistan Armies 1903-1991\| year=1992 \|isbn=0-946771-98-7}}</ref>		The Gorkha hat is wide brimmed and comprises two layers of material. It is made of felt and is worn tilted.<ref name="thegurkhamuseum">{{cite web \|title=The Gorkha Hat – The Gorkha Museum \|url=https://thegurkhamuseum.co.uk/the-gorkha-hat/ \|website=thegurkhamuseum.co.uk \|access-date=3 January 2020}}</ref> It was originally adopted prior to World War I for wear with the khak drill service uniform of the time. The round "pill-box" cap worn with the traditional rifle-green dress uniform of Gorkha regiments was retained after 1947 for off-duty use.<ref>{{cite book\|first=John\|last=Gaylor\|pages=328–329\|title=Sons of John Company. The Indian & Pakistan Armies 1903-1991\| year=1992 \|isbn=0-946771-98-7}}</ref>

	==In popular culture==		==In popular culture==

Gorkha regiments (India) - Revision history

AnnettLevi9: updated page

Bot: robot: Create/update articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

Bot: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

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