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{{Short description|City in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{About|the city in Uttar Pradesh, India|}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gorakhpur
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Metropolis]]<ref name="amarujala.com"/>
| image_skyline = Gorakhpur in nutshell.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = clock wise from top left to left bottom, [[Gorakhnath Temple]], [[ All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur |AIIMS Gorakhpur]], [[Gita Press]] and [[Gorakhpur Airport #Air Force Station Gorakhpur| Indian Air force Base]]
| image_map =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh#India3
| pushpin_label_position = upward
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|26.7637152|83.4039116|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_label = Gorakhpur
| blank2_name_sec2 = Avg. summer temperature
| blank2_info_sec2 = {{convert|40|°C|°F}}
| blank3_name_sec2 = Avg. winter temperature
| blank3_info_sec2 = {{convert|18|°C|°F}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{IND}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Administrative divisions of Uttar Pradesh|Division]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|..Uttar Pradesh Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Gorakhpur district|Gorakhpur]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gorakhpur division|Gorakhpur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date = 1801
| named_for = [[Gorakhnath]]
| government_type = [[Municipal corporation|Municipal Corporation]]
| governing_body = Gorakhpur Municipal Corporation
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name = Dr. [[Manglesh Kumar Srivastava]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/gorakhpur-seat-stays-with-bjp-vote-share-rises/articleshow/100220057.cms?from=mdr|title=Gorakhpur seat stays with BJP, vote share rises|work=The Times of India|accessdate=22 May 2023}}</ref>
| leader_party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| leader_title1 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha MP]]
| leader_name1 = [[Ravi Kishan]], ([[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]])
| leader_title2 = [[Municipal commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]
| leader_name2 = Avinash Singh<ref>{{cite web|title=Gorakhpur Nagar Nigam|url=https://nagarnigamgkp.org/cmes.aspx |website=nagarnigamgkp.org|access-date=14 November 2021}}</ref>
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Merged">{{Cite news|url=https://gorakhpur.nic.in/demography/ |title=NIC GORAKHPUR 2011 CENSUS|access-date=19 May 2021 |work=Government of India, NIC|date=2020}}</ref>
| total_type = GMC
| area_total_km2 = 226.0
| area_blank1_title = Metro <ref name="amarujala.com">{{cite news |title= गोरखपुर को महानगर बनाने की अधिसूचना जारी |url=https://www.amarujala.com/amp/lucknow/notification-issued-to-make-gorakhpur-a-metropolis-population-should-be-minimum-10-lakhs-to-run-metro-or-light-metro |date=21 November 2021 |work=Amar Ujala |access-date=21 November 2021 |lang=hi}}</ref><ref name="m.jagran.com">{{cite news |last=Gupta |first=Anurag |date= 20 November 2021 |title= गोरखपुर भी महानगर क्षेत्र घोषित-यूपी सरकार ने जारी की अधिसूचना, अब हो सकेगा मेट्रो का संचालन |url=https://m.jagran.com/lite/uttar-pradesh/lucknow-city-gorakhpur-also-declared-a-metropolitan-area-up-government-issued-notification-now-metro-can-be-operated-22224812.html |work=Dainik Jagran |access-date=20 November 2021 |lang=hi}}</ref><ref name="News18_Dec2018">{{cite news |last=द्विवेदी |first=रामगोपाल |date=31 December 2021 |title= गोरखपुर के विकास के लिए 2031 तक का मास्टर प्लान तैयार, शहरी सीमा का ढाई गुना होगा विस्तार |url=https://www.hindi.news18.com/amp/news/uttar-pradesh/gorakhpur-new-master-plan-for-development-of-gorakhpur-nodnc-3929785.html |work=News18 हिंदी |access-date=31 December 2021 |lang=hi}}</ref>
| area_blank1_km2 = 1041.0
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 75
| population_total = 1300000
| population_as_of = 2011-2020 hybrid
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title= outer-village-of-gorakhpur-included-in-municipal-corporation-boundary
|url=https://www.amarujala.com/amp/gorakhpur/outer-village-of-gorakhpur-included-in-municipal-corporation-boundary |website=Amarujala}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web |title= बढ़ गया नगर निगम गोरखपुर का दायरा, अब संझाई समेत ये 32 गांव होंगे शहरी |url=https://newstrack.com/amp/uttar-pradesh/scope-of-gorakhpur-municipal-corporation-has-increased-now-these-32-villages-including-sanjhai-will-be-urban-736287.html |website=Amarujala|date=23 December 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/gorakhpur-city-gorakhpur-city-population-increased-by-one-lakh-20092972.html |title=एक लाख और बढ़ गई गोरखपुर शहर की आबादी,छह और गांव होंगे शहरी|publisher=Dainik jagran|date=7 March 2020}}</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_blank1_title = Metro
| population_blank1 = 2500000<ref name="amarujala.com"/><ref name="m.jagran.com"/><ref name="News18_Dec2018"/>
| population_blank2_title = Metro Rank
| population_blank2 =
| population_demonym = Gorakhpuri, Gorakhpuriya
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |website=nclm.nic.in |publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=23 February 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Additional official
| demographics1_info2 = [[Urdu]]<ref name="langoff"/>
| demographics1_title3 = Regional
| demographics1_info3 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Bhojpuri |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/bho |website=Ethnologue |access-date=11 August 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 2730xx
| area_code = +91-0551
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| registration_plate = UP-53
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[male|♂]]1000/903[[female|♀]]
| blank1_name_sec2 = Avg. annual temperature
| blank1_info_sec2 = {{convert|26|°C|°F}}
| website = {{URL|http://gorakhpur.nic.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Gorakhpur''' is a city in the [[List of state and union territory capitals in India|Indian state]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]], along the banks of the [[West Rapti River|Rapti river]] in the [[Purvanchal | Purvanchal region]]. It is situated 272 kilometers east of the state capital, [[Lucknow]]. It is the administrative headquarters of [[Gorakhpur district]], [[North Eastern Railway Zone]] and [[Gorakhpur division]]. The city is home to the [[Gorakhnath Math]], a [[Gorakhnath]] temple. The city also has had an [[Indian Air Force]] station since 1963. [[Gita Press]], the world's largest publisher of [[Hindu religious texts]] like [[Ramayana]] and [[Mahabharata|Mahabharat]], is also located in Gorakhpur and was established there in 1926.{{efn|name=fn1|''Gita press was initially formed in 1923 and started publishing only since 1927''}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Gita Press {{!}} Hindu publishing organization |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1547777/Gita-Press |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=11 August 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Verma |first=Lalmani |date=28 July 2022 |title=A century old, how Gita Press came to be 'leading purveyor of print Hinduism' |work=The Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/how-gita-press-came-to-be-leading-purveyor-of-print-hinduism-8002943/ |access-date=20 October 2022}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The name "Gorakhpur" comes from the Sanskrit ''Gorakshapuram'', which means abode of [[Gorakhnath]], a renowned ascetic who was a prominent saint of the ''[[Nath|Nath Sampradaya]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=History – Origin of Name|url=http://gorakhpur.nic.in/history|website=gorakhpur.nic.in|access-date=13 January 2020}}</ref><ref name="Mallison railway museum_2011_p407-428">{{Cite web|url=http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/17972/1/Nath%20Sampradaya.FP.pdf|title=Mallinson, James (2011) 'Nāth Saṃpradāya.' In: Brill Encyclopedia of Hinduism Vol. 3. Brill, pp. 407–428.|access-date=11 January 2020}}</ref>

==Geography==

Gorakhpur is situated about 100 km from the [[Nepal]] border, 193 km from [[Varanasi]], 260 km from [[Patna]] and 270 km from [[Lucknow]]. It is one of the flood vulnerable districts in [[Eastern Uttar Pradesh]]. Data over the past 100 years show a considerable increase in the intensity and frequency of floods, with extreme events occurring every three to four years. Roughly 20% of the population is affected by floods, which are an annual occurrence in some areas, causing huge loss of life, health, and livelihoods for the poor inhabitants, as well as damage to public and private property.<ref>[http://cdkn.org/resource/integrating-climate-change-into-disaster-planning-gorakhpur/ Integrating climate change concerns into disaster management planning: The case of Gorakhpur, India] by Shiraz A. Wajih and Shashikant Chopde, the Climate and Environment Knowledge Network, 2014</ref>

Gorakhpur is situated on the bank's of [[West Rapti River|Rapti river]] which is a tributary of Ghabra river. A fairly large lake [[Ramgarh Tal Lake]] is also situated in the eastern part of the city.

===Climate===
The [[Köppen climate classification]] subtype for this climate is ''Cwa'' (dry-winter [[humid subtropical climate]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=97324&cityname=Gorakhpur,+Bihar,+India&units=|title=Gorakhpur, India Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|website=Weatherbase|access-date=11 January 2020}}</ref>
{{Weather box
| location = Gorakhpur (1981-2010, extremes 1901-2013)
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| width = 50%
| Jan record high C = 30.0
| Feb record high C = 35.4
| Mar record high C = 42.4
| Apr record high C = 44.4
| May record high C = 49.4
| Jun record high C = 46.5
| Jul record high C = 43.2
| Aug record high C = 39.4
| Sep record high C = 38.5
| Oct record high C = 37.4
| Nov record high C = 36.8
| Dec record high C = 30.5
| year record high C = 49.4
| Jan high C = 22.0
| Feb high C = 26.4
| Mar high C = 32.6
| Apr high C = 38.0
| May high C = 38.3
| Jun high C = 36.7
| Jul high C = 32.9
| Aug high C = 32.9
| Sep high C = 32.7
| Oct high C = 32.8
| Nov high C = 29.9
| Dec high C = 25.0
| year high C = 31.7
| Jan low C = 8.9
| Feb low C = 11.7
| Mar low C = 16.1
| Apr low C = 21.4
| May low C = 24.5
| Jun low C = 26.1
| Jul low C = 25.9
| Aug low C = 25.9
| Sep low C = 24.9
| Oct low C = 20.9
| Nov low C = 14.9
| Dec low C = 10.4
| year low C = 19.3
| Jan record low C = -1.0
| Feb record low C = 2.8
| Mar record low C = 8.3
| Apr record low C = 12.2
| May record low C = 16.6
| Jun record low C = 16.1
| Jul record low C = 18.1
| Aug record low C = 20.2
| Sep record low C = 17.4
| Oct record low C = 12.5
| Nov record low C = 6.7
| Dec record low C = 2.8
| year record low C = -1.0
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 14.4
| Feb rain mm = 13.9
| Mar rain mm = 7.4
| Apr rain mm = 11.3
| May rain mm = 45.2
| Jun rain mm = 185.5
| Jul rain mm = 383.4
| Aug rain mm = 339.5
| Sep rain mm = 228.8
| Oct rain mm = 42.8
| Nov rain mm = 2.2
| Dec rain mm = 8.3
| year rain mm = 1282.7
| Jan rain days = 1.2
| Feb rain days = 1.3
| Mar rain days = 0.7
| Apr rain days = 0.9
| May rain days = 3.0
| Jun rain days = 7.0
| Jul rain days = 13.9
| Aug rain days = 12.4
| Sep rain days = 9.0
| Oct rain days = 2.1
| Nov rain days = 0.3
| Dec rain days = 0.6
| year rain days = 52.2
| time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 68
| Feb humidity = 55
| Mar humidity = 40
| Apr humidity = 32
| May humidity = 42
| Jun humidity = 57
| Jul humidity = 75
| Aug humidity = 77
| Sep humidity = 76
| Oct humidity = 68
| Nov humidity = 66
| Dec humidity = 69
| year humidity = 61
| source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Gorakhpur Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 297–298
| access-date = 27 April 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M216
| access-date = 27 April 2020}}</ref>
| source =
}}

==History==
The earliest forerunners of the settlement at Gorakhpur were probably "considerably to the north of the present town" because the course of the Rapti was then more to the north and east than it is today; it would have flowed through the present-day city and gone through what is now the Ramgarh Tal. Farmers digging wells in the 1800s/early 1900s would sometimes encounter pieces of old boats, which is indicative of the river's shift in course. The site of Gorakhpur would have been desirable for a human settlement because of its secure location — it is protected on the south and west by the Rapti and Rohin rivers, and in the past there were dense forests on the north and east, offering protection on those sides as well.<ref name="Gazetteer 1909">{{cite book |editor1-last=Nevill |editor1-first=H. R. |title=Gorakhpur: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XXXI of the District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh |date=1909 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.94287 |access-date=30 August 2023}}</ref>{{rp|235}}

The earliest event described in local tradition is the legendary construction of the Mansarowar and Kauladah tanks, in the area now called Purana Gorakhpur, in the 10th century. They are said to have been built by a married couple — Mansarowar is attributed to the husband, the prince Man Sen, while Kauladah is attributed to the wife, Kaulavati. Sometime after that, the area is said to have been ruled by a group known as the Domkatars, who built the [[Domingarh]] fort at the confluence of the Rapti and Rohin rivers. Still later, Gorakhpur is said to have been ruled by the Sarnet rajas of [[Satasi]]. Sometime around 1400, a family dispute is said to have prompted one branch of the Satasi dynasty to leave the old stronghold, on the shore of Ramgarh Tal, and move to a new location in what is now Purana Gorakhpur, near the shrine of the renowned ascetic [[Gorakhnath]].<ref name="Gazetteer 1909"/>{{rp|235-6, 239}}

===Mughal period===
In any case, Gorakhpur had become a large town by the time of [[Akbar]], in the late 1500s. The earliest contemporary reference to a Mughal garrison at Gorakhpur is in 1572, when it was governed by Payanda Khan on behalf of [[Munim Khan]], then ''[[subahdar]]'' of [[Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh|Jaunpur]]. Gorakhpur was for a long time the main Muslim garrison north of the Ghaghra, which may explain why it has such a prominent Muslim presence compared to other parts of the district.<ref name="Gazetteer 1909"/>{{rp|178, 235-6}}

In the ''[[Ain-i-Akbari]]'' ({{circa}} 1595), Gorakhpur is listed as the capital of a ''[[sarkar (administrative division)|sarkar]]'' in the ''[[subah]]'' of [[Awadh]]. ''Sarkar'' Gorakhpur was divided into 24 ''[[mahalla|mahal]]''s, and Gorakhpur itself was one of them. The ''mahal'' of Gorakhpur was listed with an assessed revenue of 567,385 ''[[dam (Indian coin)|dam]]''s and was expected to supply 200 infantry and 40 cavalry to the Mughal army. It was described as having a brick fort on the Rapti.<ref name="Ain-i-Akbari">{{cite book |last1=Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak |author1-link=Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak |translator-last1=Jarrett |translator-first1=Henry Sullivan |title=The Ain-i-Akbari |date=1891 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal |location=Calcutta |url=https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog |access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref>{{rp|174-5}}

Gorakhpur also had a [[mint (facility)|mint]] under Akbar, issuing copper coins only. By the time of [[Aurangzeb]], the Gorakhpur mint was also issuing silver coins. During the 1600s, based on [[Jean-Baptiste Tavernier]]'s account of his travels in India, Gorakhpur played an important role as a centre for trade with the northern mountain regions.<ref name="Habib 1982">{{cite book |last1=Habib |first1=Irfan |author1-link=Irfan Habib |title=An Atlas of the Mughal Empire |date=1982 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0195603796 |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/An_Atlas_of_the_Mughal_Empire.html?id=Buo9AQAAIAAJ |access-date=26 March 2023}}</ref>{{rp|33}}

In the late 1600s, Gorakhpur was officially renamed ''Mu'azzamabad'' in honour of Prince Mu'azzam (the later [[Bahadur Shah I]]), and this name was used in official documents until the British takeover in 1801.<ref name="Gazetteer 1909"/>{{rp|236}}

==Demographics==
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Gorakhpur City (2011)<ref>{{cite web |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community - Uttar Pradesh |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=census.gov.in |access-date=16 December 2019}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=[[Religion]]
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|DarkOrange|77.9}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|Green|20.6}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|Blue|0.7}}
{{bar percent|Others|Black|0.8}}
}}

As of [[2011 Indian Census]], Gorakhpur had a total population of 673,446, of which 353,907 were males and 319,539 were females. It has a sex ratio of 903 females per 1000 males. The population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 69,596. Gorakhpur had a literacy rate of 75.2%, of which male literacy was 79.4% and female literacy was 70.6%. The effective literacy rate of the 7+ population of Gorakhpur was 83.9%, of which the male literacy rate was 88.7% and the female literacy rate was 78.6%. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] population was 62,728 and 2,929, respectively. Gorakhpur had 112,237 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Gorakhpur |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=212078 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |access-date=16 December 2019}}</ref>

According to a 2020 report, 31 villages have been incorporated in the municipal corporation limits increasing the population to over 1 million. The city area has also increased from 145.5 km<sup>2</sup> in 2011 to 226.6 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="Merged"/>

The state government has also declared Gorakhpur,as a metropolis on 22 November 2021. Apart from Gorakhpur Municipal Corporation, the government has declared three nagar panchayats and eight development blocks as a metropolitan area. For this, the urban Development Department has issued a notification to the city. According to the order issued by the Additional Chief Secretary, Urban Development, now in Gorakhpur Metropolitan Region, Municipal Corporation, Nagar Panchayat Pipraich, Nagar Panchayat PPganj, Nagar Panchayat Mundera Bazar, Chargawa, Khorabar, Pipraich, Sardar Nagar, Piprauli, Jungle Kaudiya, Campierganj and The entire area of Bhathat development block has been covered. After this the population of Gorakhpur metropolis will be around 25 lakhs.<ref name="amarujala.com"/>

==Transport==

===Railways===
{{Main|Gorakhpur Junction railway station}}
[[File:Gorakhpur Junction railway station.jpg|thumb|240px|Gorakhpur Junction railway station]]
Gorakhpur is connected through a rail network and [[Gorakhpur Junction railway station|Gorakhpur railway station]]. Until March 2021, it had world's longest platform of 1366 meters.{{Efn|Since March 2021 Hubballi railway station's Pf no.1 is world longest platform, its length is 1,505 meters.}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Huralimath |first=Arunkumar |date=21 March 2021 |title=World's longest railway platform in Hubballi in its final stage of construction |work=The New Indian Express |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2021/mar/21/worlds-longest-railway-platform-in-hubballiin-its-final-stage-of-construction-2279648.html |access-date=27 October 2022}}</ref> In February 2020, 100 flowering pots with the support structures were made and installed on the hydrant pipe at platform No.2 to increase the plantation and natural cover, using local resources of the Gorakhpur coaching depot.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Nikita |first1=Prasad |title=Indian Railways unique initiative! Flowering pots installed over hydrant pipe at Gorakhpur station; details |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/infrastructure/railways/indian-railways-unique-initiative-flowering-pots-installed-over-hydrant-pipe-at-gorakhpur-station-details/1866804/ |access-date=2 February 2021 |work=The Financial Express |date=13 February 2020}}</ref>

The station offers Class A-1 railway station facilities. On 6 October 2013, Gorakhpur has the [[Railway platform#Longest|world's Longest Railway platform]], after inauguration of the remodelled Gorakhpur Yard, with a stretch of around {{Convert|1355.40|m|mi|abbr=|sigfig=2}}.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gorakhpur gets world's largest railway platform |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Gorakhpur-gets-worlds-largest-railway-platform/articleshow/23616764.cms |access-date=26 March 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=7 October 2013 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mynews.in/News/gorakhpur_railway_station_to_have_longest_platform_in_asia_N33503.html |title=Gorakhpur Railway Station to have longest platform in Asia |last=Jha |first=Aditi |date=23 December 2009 |work =MyNews |access-date=1 September 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002082734/http://www.mynews.in/News/gorakhpur_railway_station_to_have_longest_platform_in_asia_N33503.html |archive-date=2 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Gorakhpur railway station's remodelling in final stage |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/gorakhpur-railway-stations-remodelling-in-final-stage/articleshow/20388999.cms |access-date=26 March 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=2 June 2013 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=longest_platform>{{cite news|title=Gorakhpur gets world's longest railway platform|url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/gorakhpur-gets-world-longest-railway-platform--28952.html|access-date=7 October 2013|newspaper=[[Amar Ujala|अमर उजाला (Amar Ujala)]]|date=13 February 2012}}</ref>

Gorakhpur is the headquarters of [[North Eastern Railway Zone (India)|North Eastern Railways]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ner.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,1,283 |title=North Eastern Railway |website=indianrailways.gov.in |access-date=21 October 2011}}</ref>

===Air===
{{Main|Gorakhpur Airport}}
[[File:Gorakhpur_Airport_new_terminal_building.jpg|thumb|240px|A look to the Mahayogi Gorakhnath Airport]]
An Air Force station of [[Indian Air Force]] was established in Gorakhpur in 1963 named [[Mahayogi Gorakhnath Airport]] and extended for public air transport.<ref>[http://indianairforce.nic.in/show_unit.php?ch=42 No. 105 Helicopter Unit]. [[Indian Air Force]]</ref>

===Metro===
{{Main|Gorakhpur Metro}}
[[Gorakhpur Metro]] is a light metro project with 2 line and 27 stations is [[light rail transit]] (LRT) system approved to be built in Gorakhpur. It consist two corridors covering a distance of 27.84 km.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.jagran.com/lite/uttar-pradesh/lucknow-city-up-cabinet-decision-gorakhpur-metro-rail-dpr-gets-green-signal-from-uttar-pradesh-cabinet-4672-crores-will-be-spent-20858589.html|date=10 March 2020|title=Gorakhpur metro rail gets green signal from up cabinet,4672 crores will be spent|publisher=Dainik jagran|access-date=10 March 2021}}</ref>
On 1 December 2021 the central government has also approved the DPR of Gorakhpur light metro project.<ref>{{cite web|title= Gorakhpur Metrolite: पब्लिक इन्वेस्टमेंट बोर्ड (पीआईबी) की बैठक में गोरखपुर मेट्रोलाइट रेल प्रोजेक्ट के फेज-1 को अप्रूवल मिला है.|url=https://www.abplive.com/states/up-uk/yogi-adityanath-said-gorakhpur-metrolite-phase-1-project-gets-pib-approval-ann-2008462/amp |access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref>

==Education==
{{Main|List of educational institutions in Gorakhpur}}
Gorakhpur has 4 universities, namely, [[Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University]], [[Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology]], [[Maha Yogi Guru Gorakhnath Ayush University]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Gazette - Government of Uttar Pradesh |url=http://upvidhai.gov.in/MediaGallery/6of2021.pdf |website=upvidhai.gov.in/ |access-date=12 March 2022}}</ref> [[Mahayogi Gorakhnath University]], a private university.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shukla |first=Satish Chandra |date=23 April 2021 |title=गोरखपुर में दो सौ एकड़ में बनकर तैयार हुआ महायोगी गुरु गोरखनाथ विश्वविद्यालय Gorakhpur News|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/gorakhpur-city-study-from-july-at-mahayogi-guru-gorakhnath-university-21583946.html |work=Dainik Jagran |access-date=29 August 2021 |language=hi}}</ref> One [[medical college]] named [[Baba Raghav Das Medical College]] and [[AIIMS Gorakhpur]] and a sports [[college]] named [[Veer Bahadur Singh Sports College, Gorakhpur|Veer Bahadur Singh Sports College]]. The state's first [[Hotel Manager|Hotel Management]] Institute has also been unveiled and would be known as State Institute of Hotel Management.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Srivastava |first1=Pradeep |title=गोरखपुर के गीडा में खुलेगा प्रदेश का पहला स्टेट इंस्टीट्यूट आफ होटल मैनेजमेंट |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/gorakhpur-city-now-the-state-first-state-institute-of-hotel-management-will-open-in-gida-22007664.html |access-date=29 June 2022 |work=Dainik Jagran |date=10 September 2021 |language=hi}}</ref> Also, four private engineering / pharmacy / management college,ITM,KIPM,BIT, GIDA & SIT, Gorakhpur<ref>{{Cite web|title=AKTU ERP Know Your College|url=https://erp.aktu.ac.in/WebPages/KYC/CollegeDetailedInformation.aspx?Inst=120 |website=erp.aktu.ac.in|access-date=29 June 2022}}</ref><ref name="ITM, Gorakhpur, Website">{{Cite web|title= ITM, Gorakhpur, Website|url=https://www.itmgkp.edu.in/|access-date=29 June 2022}}</ref> which is affiliated with [[Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University]], Lucknow. It also has a dental institute named as Purvanchal Institute Of Dental Science in gida, gorakhpur.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dental College in Gorakhpur BDS college in Gorakhpur UP India PIDS |url=https://www.pidsgkp.com/ |access-date=12 September 2022 |website=Pidsgkp.com}}</ref>

==Sports==
*[[Veer Bahadur Singh Sports College, Gorakhpur]]
*[[Syed Modi Railway Stadium]]

==Notable people==


* [[Yogi Adityanath]], 21st and current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh
* [[Leo Amery]], British Cabinet Minister
* [[Mahant Avaidyanath]] Indian politician, and hindu guru
* [[Premindra Singh Bhagat]], recipient of [[Victoria Cross]]
* [[Ram Upendra Das]], economist
* [[Amrapali Dubey]], actress
* [[Ravi Dubey]], actor
* [[Mahmood Farooqui]], Indian writer, artist and director
* [[Firaq Gorakhpuri]], Indian Urdu writer
* [[Majnun Gorakhpuri]], Pakistani short story writer, poet and literary critic
* [[Bilal U. Haq]], geo-scientist and poet
* [[Narendra Hirwani]], international cricket player
* [[Anurag Kashyap]], filmmaker
* [[Kafeel Khan]], physician
* [[Ravi Kishan]], Member of Parliament from [[Gorakhpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gorakhpur Lok Sabha constituency]]
* [[Tabassum Mansoor]], Indian educationist in [[Libya]]
* [[Vidya Niwas Mishra]], Hindi-Sanskrit littérateur, and a journalist
* [[Syed Modi]], badminton player, winner of [[Arjuna Award]]
* [[Mahendra Nath Mulla]], [[Maha Vir Chakra|MVC]], officer of the [[Indian Navy]]
* [[Jamuna Nishad]], Indian politician
* [[Praveen Kumar Nishad]], Indian politician
* [[Sanjay Nishad]], politician, founder of [[NISHAD Party]]
* [[Kamlesh Paswan]], politician and Member of Parliament, [[17th Lok Sabha]]
* [[Subrata Roy]], Indian businessman, founder of [[Sahara India Pariwar]]
* [[Asit Sen (actor)|Asit Sen]], Bollywood actor
* [[Prakash Shukla]], Indian contract killer
* [[Saurabh Shukla]], actor
* [[Shiv Pratap Shukla]], Indian politician and social worker
* [[Bandhu Singh]], freedom fighter
* [[Kedarnath Singh]], poet, critic
* [[Lilavati Singh]], educator
* [[Vir Bahadur Singh]], former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh
* [[Prem Maya Sonir]], hockey player
* [[Hari Shankar Tiwari]], Indian politician
* [[Amarmani Tripathi]], Indian politician
* [[Paramahansa Yogananda]], yoga guru, founder of [[Self-Realization Fellowship]]/[[Yogoda Satsanga Society of India]]

==See also==
* [[Gorakhpur Cantonment railway station]]
* [[Ramgarh Tal Lake]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Gorakhpur district}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Uttar Pradesh}}

==External links==
*''[https://gorakhpur.nic.in/ '''Gorakhpur''' Municipal Government] ([[National Informatics Centre|NIC]])''
*''[http://up.gov.in/upmap.aspx '''Uttar Pradesh''' Government District NIC]''

[[Category:Gorakhpur| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Gorakhpur district]]
[[Category:Cities in Uttar Pradesh]]

Gorakhpur - Revision history

KennyReveley866: Updated article with clearer structure

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article