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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Gopal Krishna
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1948|3|12}}
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| residence = [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| nationality = [[Indian nationality|Indian]]
| fields = {{ublist | [[Radio astronomy]] }}
| workplaces = {{ublist | [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]] | [[Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy]] | [[National Centre for Radio Astrophysics]] | [[European Southern Observatory]] | [[Space Telescope Science Institute]] }}
| alma_mater = {{ublist | [[Agra University]] | [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre|BARC Training School]] | [[Bombay University]] }}
| doctoral_advisor = {{ublist | [[Govind Swarup]] }}
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = Studies on [[Radio galaxies]] and [[Quasar]]s
| awards = {{ublist| 1993 [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]] }}
}}
'''Gopal Krishna''' (born 12 March 1948) is an Indian radio astronomer and a senior professor at the [[National Centre for Radio Astrophysics]]. Known for his studies on [[Radio galaxies]] and [[quasar]]s, Krishna is an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies viz. [[Indian Academy of Sciences]], [[National Academy of Sciences, India]] and [[Indian National Science Academy]]. The [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]], the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology]], one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to physical sciences in 1993.<ref name="View Bhatnagar Awardees">{{cite web | url=http://ssbprize.gov.in/Content/AwardeeList.aspx | title=View Bhatnagar Awardees | publisher=Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize | date=2016 | access-date=12 November 2016}}</ref>{{Refn|group=note|Long link - please select award year to see details}}

== Biography ==
[[File:Tifr main.jpg|thumb|left|TIFR main campus]]
[[File:Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, Pune, Maharashtra, India.jpg|thumb|235px|[[Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope]], Pune]]
Born on 12 March 1948 in the [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region]] of Delhi, Gopal Krishna completed his graduate studies at [[Agra University]] in 1966 before joining BARC Training School at [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]].<ref name="Indian fellow">{{Cite web |url=http://insaindia.res.in/detail/P10-1513 |title=Indian fellow |date=2017 |publisher=Indian National Science Academy}}</ref> After a short stint, he moved to [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]] at their newly established Radio Astronomy Group in 1967 as a research associate. It was during this time, he was mentored by [[Govind Swarup]] and his research with the help of the [[Ooty Radio Telescope]] earned him a PhD from the [[University of Mumbai]] in 1977. Subsequently, he moved to the [[Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy]] for his post-doctoral work as an [[Alexander von Humboldt Foundation|Alexander von Humboldt fellow]] and on his return in 1980, he resumed his career with Tata Institute Fundamental Research.<ref name="Indian fellow" /> In 2002, he moved to Pune to join [[National Centre for Radio Astrophysics]] where he was involved in the commissioning of [[Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope]] and holds the position of a senior professor there.<ref name="NCRA profile">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ncra.tifr.res.in/ncra/people/academic/ncra-faculty/Gopal_Krishna |title=NCRA profile |date=2017-10-15 |access-date=2017-10-15}}</ref>

== Legacy ==
Gopal Krishna's research was focused on radio galaxies and quasars from observational and theoretical perspectives.<ref name="Indian fellow" /> He is known to have developed a relativistic-beam model which has reported use in ascertaining the luminosity of galaxies and quasars as well as in studying the cosmological evolution of linear sizes.<ref name="Brief Profile of the Awardee">{{Cite web |url=http://ssbprize.gov.in/Content/Detail.aspx?AID=464 |title=Brief Profile of the Awardee |date=2017 |publisher=Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize |access-date=2017-08-23}}</ref> Besides, he is also credited with the discovery of galaxies and clusters at high [[redshift]]s.<ref name="Handbook of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize Winners">{{cite web | url=http://www.csirhrdg.res.in/ssb.pdf | title=Handbook of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize Winners | publisher=Council of Scientific and Industrial Research | date=1999 | access-date=15 October 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043957/http://www.csirhrdg.res.in/ssb.pdf | archive-date=4 March 2016 | url-status=dead }}</ref> His studies have been documented by way of a number of articles<ref name="On ResearchGate">{{Cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/6635986_Gopal-Krishna |title=On ResearchGate |date=2017-08-23 |publisher=On ResearchGate |access-date=2017-08-24}}</ref>{{Refn|group=note|Please see ''Selected bibliography'' section}} and the online article repository of the Indian Academy of Sciences has listed 102 of them.<ref name="Browse by Fellow">{{Cite web |url=http://repository.ias.ac.in/view/fellows/Gopal_Krishna=3AProf=2E=3A=3A.html |title=Browse by Fellow |date=2017 |publisher=Indian Academy of Sciences}}</ref> He has also guided a number of doctoral scholars in their research. Towards the latter part of his career, he served as a visiting faculty at several institutions including [[Space Telescope Science Institute]], Baltimore, [[European Southern Observatory]], Santiago and [[Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy]].<ref name="Indian fellow" /> He sat in the International Advisory Committee of the [[International Year of Astronomy]] organized by the [[International Astronomical Union]] in 2009 and chaired the closing session of its [[UNESCO]] inaugural ceremony held in Paris in January 2009.<ref name="Indian fellow" /> He has also lectured worldwide and the lecture on ''Understanding X-shaped radio galaxies'' presented on 21 September 2010 at the [[University of Sheffield]] was one among them.<ref name="Understanding X-shaped radio galaxies">{{Cite web |url=http://www.astro.group.shef.ac.uk/autumn10.html |title=Understanding X-shaped radio galaxies |last=Krishna |first=Gopal |date=2017-10-15 |website=University of Sheffield |access-date=2017-10-15}}</ref>

== Awards and honors ==
The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research awarded him the [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]], one of the highest Indian science awards in 1993.<ref name="CSIR list of Awardees">{{Cite web |url=http://www.csir.res.in/careeraward/prize-winner-indexdiscipline-wise |title=CSIR list of Awardees |date=2017 |publisher=Council of Scientific and Industrial Research}}</ref> The same year, he was elected as a fellow by the [[National Academy of Sciences, India]].<ref name="NASI fellows">{{Cite web |url=http://www.nasi.org.in/fellows.asp?RsFilter=K |title=NASI fellows |date=2017 |publisher=National Academy of Sciences, India}}</ref> This was followed by the elected fellowships from the [[Indian Academy of Sciences]] in 1993<ref name="Fellow profile">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ias.ac.in/describe/fellow/Gopal_Krishna,_Prof._ |title=Fellow profile |date=2017 |publisher=Indian Academy of Sciences}}</ref> and the [[Indian National Science Academy]] 2010.<ref name="INSA Year Book 2016">{{Cite web |url=http://www.insaindia.res.in/pdf/YearBook_2016.pdf |title=INSA Year Book 2016 |date=2017 |publisher=Indian National Science Academy |access-date=15 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104001952/http://www.insaindia.res.in/pdf/YearBook_2016.pdf |archive-date=4 November 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Selected bibliography ==
* {{Cite journal |last=Gopal Krishna, Peter L. Biermann, Paul J. Wiita |title=The Origin of X-shaped Radio Galaxies: Clues from the Z-symmetric Secondary Lobes |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |publication-date=2003 |volume=594 |issue=2 |doi=10.1086/378766|arxiv=astro-ph/0308059 |bibcode=2003ApJ...594L.103G |year=2003 |pages=L103–L106 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=C. S. Stalin, Gopal-Krishna, Ram Sagar, Paul J. Wiita |title=Optical Variability Properties of High Luminosity AGN Classes |journal=Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy |publication-date=2004 |volume=25 |issue=1–2|arxiv=astro-ph/0306395 |doi=10.1007/BF02702287 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Gopal-Krishna, Pronoy Sircar, Samir Dhurde |title=Kinematical Diagrams for Conical Relativistic Jets |journal=Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy |publication-date=2007 |volume=28 |issue=1}}
* {{Cite journal |last=A. Goyal, Gopal-Krishna, P. J. Wiita, G. C. Anupama, D. K. Sahu, R. Sagar and S. Joshi |title=Intra-night optical variability of core dominated radio quasars: the role of optical polarization |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |publication-date=2012 |volume=544 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201218888|arxiv=1205.2324 |bibcode=2012A&A...544A..37G |year=2012 |page=A37 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=P. Kumar, Gopal-Krishna, C. S. Stalin, H. Chand, R. Srianand, P. Petitjean |title=Multi-epoch intranight optical monitoring of eight radio-quiet BL Lac candidates |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |publication-date=2017 |volume=471 |issue=1 |doi=10.1093/mnras/stx1450|arxiv=1706.04438 |bibcode=2017MNRAS.471..606K |year=2017 }}

== See also ==
* [[Observational cosmology]]
{{portal|India|Physics}}

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note|2}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite book|author1=Helmut Lammer|author2=Maxim Khodachenko|title=Characterizing Stellar and Exoplanetary Environments|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vewsBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA235|date=3 November 2014|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-09749-7|pages=235–}}
* {{cite book|author=Thanu Padmanabhan|title=Astronomy in India: A Historical Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=grZTBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA107|date=20 August 2014|publisher=[[Springer Science & Business Media]]|isbn=978-81-8489-998-6|pages=107–}}
* {{cite book|author1=F.J. Kerr|author2=S.C. Simonson III|title=Galactic Radio Astronomy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nKbzCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA508|date=6 December 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-010-2263-7|pages=508–}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://prezi.com/3fmrazbcf_rw/astronomy/ |title=Astronomy |last=Krishna |first=Govind |date=2017-10-15 |access-date=2017-10-15}}

{{SSBPST recipients in Physical Science}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Krishna, Gopal}}
[[Category:Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Physical Science]]
[[Category:Indian scientific authors]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Indian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy]]
[[Category:Fellows of The National Academy of Sciences, India]]
[[Category:Alexander von Humboldt Fellows]]
[[Category:Tata Institute of Fundamental Research faculty]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai alumni]]
[[Category:Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University alumni]]
[[Category:Radio astronomers]]
[[Category:Scientists from Delhi]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian astronomers]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Gopal Krishna (astronomer) - Revision history

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