BradyGregg4996: put up initial info initial version - done

2026-03-08T18:49:08Z

put up initial info initial version - done

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{{Short description|Cashew variety grown in Goa, India}}
{{Infobox geographical indication
| name = Goa cashew
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| alternative names = Goa Kaju, Goa Caju
| description = [[Cashew]] variety grown in Goa, India
| type =[[Cashew]]
| area = [[Goa]]
| country = India
| registered = 3 October 2023
| material =
| official website ={{URL|https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GirPublic/Application/Details/714|ipindia.gov.in}}}}
The '''Goan cashew''' refers to the variety of the [[cashew]] fruit grown in the [[State of India|Indian state]] of [[Goa]], which is one of the major cashew-growing Indian states.<ref>{{cite book |title=Sixth Five Year Plan, 1980-85 |date=1984 |publisher=Directorate of Planning, Statistics, and Evaluation, Government of the Union Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RFViVCn-UJkC&q=goa+cashew+oldest |access-date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> In the entire state of Goa, the cashew crop spans approximately 55,302 hectares, yielding an estimated 27,070 tonnes annually.<ref>{{cite web |title=ICAR-CCARI, Goa |url=https://ccari.icar.gov.in/dss/cashew.html#:~:text=Cashew%20is%20one%20of%20the,of%20North%20East%20hill%20region. |website=ICAR-Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute |access-date=13 November 2024}}</ref> Goa Kaju or Goa Caju are variations of the same name.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bradnock |first1=Robert W. |last2=Bradnock |first2=Roma |title=Footprint Goa Handbook: The Travel Guide |date=2002 |publisher=Footprint Handbooks |isbn=978-1-903471-22-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1cRvBS4f2twC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=goan+kaju&dq=goan+kaju&printsec=frontcover |access-date=7 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=What the GI tag can mean for the cashew industry in Goa |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/goan-cashew-gets-gi-tag-how-this-can-help-the-industry-in-the-state-8978577/ |access-date=5 November 2024 |work=The Indian Express |date=11 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

Under its [[Geographical Indications in India|Geographical Indication]] tag, it is referred to as "Goa Cashew (Kaju or Caju)".<ref name=":0" />

Goa cashew is the state fruit of Goa and is a prized commercial [[horticulture]] crop.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bhatt |first1=S. C. |title=Land and people of Indian states and union territories : (in 36 volumes) |date=2005 |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |isbn=978-81-7835-356-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E7Qrc4Z-ZdAC&dq=cashew+state+crop+of+goa&pg=PA164 |access-date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> Its exceptional kernel quality and inherently organic plantations make it highly sought after.<ref>{{cite news |title=In Graphics: What is the GI tag that the Goan cashew has received? |url=https://www.firstpost.com/explainers/in-graphics-gi-tag-goan-cashew-pramod-sawant-indian-food-13256622.html |access-date=5 November 2024 |work=Firstpost |date=16 October 2023 |language=en-us}}</ref>

==Name==
It is named after its place of origin, the state of Goa, located on the west coast of Goa while Kaju means Cashew - in the local state language of [[Konkani language|Konkani]] while Caju means the same in [[Portuguese language]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Antony |first1=Philomena Sequeira |title=The Goa Bahia intra-colonial relations, 1675 - 1825 |date=2004 |publisher=Institute for Research in Social Sciences and Humanities |location=Tellicherry |isbn=978-81-88432-09-7 |edition=1. publ |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H2VuAAAAMAAJ&q=goa+kaju+konkani |access-date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Borges |first1=Charles J. |last2=Pereira |first2=Oscar Guilherme |last3=Stubbe |first3=Hannes |title=Goa and Portugal: History and Development |date=2000 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-7022-867-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=diISslZgIAkC&dq=portuguese+goa+caju&pg=PA191 |access-date=5 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> The [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] brought it from [[Brazil]] to [[Goa]], formerly ''[[Estado da Índia Portuguesa]]'', between 1560 and 1565.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Souza |first1=Teotonio R. De |title=Goa to Me |date=1994 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-7022-504-1 |page=41 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wy9qBd8u0M0C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=inauthor:%22Teotonio+R.+De+Souza%22&printsec=frontcover |access-date=7 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Jarnagin |first1=Laura |title=Portuguese and Luso-Asian Legacies in Southeast Asia, 1511-2011: The making of the Luso-Asian world, intricacies of engagement |date=2011 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-kloBwAAQBAJ&dq=introduced+goa+cashew+Estado+da+%C3%8Dndia&pg=PA41 |access-date=5 November 2024 |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |isbn=978-981-4345-25-5 |language=en}}</ref> From there, it spread throughout Southeast Asia and eventually Africa. It was introduced to Goa by the Portuguese approximately 450 years ago, was initially intended for soil conservation and wasteland development through afforestation. However, its significant economic value remained unrealized for nearly a century. It wasn't until 100 years after its introduction that the commercial potential of cashew nuts became apparent, gradually elevating its importance. The processing technology for Goa Cashew has a rich history, dating back around 350 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=Techniques and practices for cashew production. |url=https://ccari.icar.gov.in/TB%20No.21.pdf |website=ICAR-CCARI |access-date=5 November 2024}}</ref>

==Features==
===Physical characteristics===
* Outer shell: Grey-colored, slightly fat
* Inner seed (Cashew Kernel/ Nut): Ivory white

===Culinary significance===
Goa Cashew nuts are an integral part of Goan cuisine, particularly in:
* Sweets and curry recipes<ref>{{cite web |title=Kaju Katli to French Macaron, Paris Olympians reveal their foodie side |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/o-heraldo-in-paris/kaju-katli-to-french-macaron-paris-olympians-reveal-their-foodie-side/224678 |website=Herald Goa |access-date=5 November 2024 |language=en |date=11 August 2024}}</ref>
* Goa Biya Bhaji, a famous local dish<ref>{{cite web |title=Serving authentic Goan goodies |work=Business Goa |url=https://businessgoa.in/serving-authentic-goan-goodies/ |access-date=5 November 2024 |date=27 November 2023}}</ref>
* Snacking, adding nutty crunch, texture, and flavor

===Health benefits===
Goa Cashew nuts provide:
* Substantial energy for health-conscious individuals<ref>{{cite web |title=Health Benefit of a Handful of Cashew Nuts (Anacardium Occidentale L.) to Prevent Different Disorders Like Diabetes, Heart Disorders, Cancer, Weight Gain, Gallstone, Migraine Headache |url=https://gsbb.goa.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Gazette-Notification-of-Plantation-Scheme.pdf |website=Goa State Biodiversity Board |access-date=5 November 2024}}</ref>
* Relief from recurring migraines due to Magnesium's relaxing effect on blood vessels<ref>{{cite news |title=12 best-selling Cashew nuts for a crunchy and delicious snack time |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/top-trending-products/food-beverages/cashew-nuts-for-a-crunchy-and-delicious-snack-time/articleshow/107859773.cms?from=mdr |access-date=5 November 2024 |work=The Economic Times |date=20 February 2024}}</ref>

===Unique features===
* Taste<ref name="The Times of India">{{cite news |title=Goan cashew with unique taste & identity gets GI tag |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/goan-cashew-with-unique-taste-identity-gets-gi-tag/articleshow/104148345.cms |access-date=5 November 2024 |work=The Times of India |date=4 October 2023}}</ref>
* Enjoyed plain or in recipes, savory to sweet<ref>{{cite news |title=IHCL celebrates Goa's culinary heritage at Cashew Fest Goa 2024 |url=https://www.gomantaktimes.com/my-goa/art-culture/ihcl-celebrates-goas-culinary-heritage-at-cashew-fest-goa-2024 |access-date=5 November 2024 |work=Goa News on Gomantak Times |date=10 May 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
* Large size cashew nuts unique to Goa

===Economic significance===
* "Poor man's crop" and "rich man's favorite snack" globally<ref>{{cite web |title=ANALYSIS OF CASHEW VALUE CHAIN IN GOA |url=https://www.midh.gov.in/VCS%20Reports/Value%20Chain%20Study%20on%20Cashew%20in%20Goa.pdf |website=Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) |access-date=5 November 2024}}</ref>
* Widely used in Goan culinary, including cashew apples for [[Feni (liquor)|Feni]] production<ref>{{cite book |last1=Malgonkar |first1=Manohar |title=Inside Goa |date=2004 |publisher=Architecture Autonomous |isbn=978-81-901830-0-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DHMMAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=goan+kaju&dq=goan+kaju&printsec=frontcover |access-date=7 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kohli |first1=Manek S. |title=Tasting Feni In Goa With Locals |url=https://www.outlooktraveller.com/experiences/food-and-drink/what-is-it-like-to-go-feni-tasting-in-goa |website=Outlook Traveller |access-date=5 November 2024 |language=en |date=12 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Staff Writer |title=Feni: A 500-Year-Old Goan Tradition {{!}} Madras Courier |url=https://madrascourier.com/insight/feni-a-500-year-old-goan-tradition/ |access-date=5 November 2024 |date=22 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=GI tag for cashew nuts to put Goa on global culinary map |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/gi-tag-for-cashew-nuts-to-put-goa-on-global-culinary-map/articleshow/105425044.cms |access-date=5 November 2024 |work=The Times of India |date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
* Supports foreign exchange through export, providing high returns to farmers<ref>{{cite news |title=Cashewnut exports dip, but it's no bolt from the blue for growers |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/cashewnut-exports-dip-but-its-no-bolt-from-the-blue-for-growers-1242292.html |access-date=5 November 2024 |work=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref>

===Tourist favorite===
* Tourists visiting Goa ensure they buy Goa Cashew nuts before departing, making it a cherished souvenir.<ref name="The Times of India"/>

==Geographical indication==
It was awarded the [[List of geographical indications in India|Geographical Indication]] (GI) status tag from the [[Geographical Indication Registry (India)|Geographical Indications Registry]] under the [[Government of India|Union Government of India]] on 3 October 2023 (valid until 25 October 2030).<ref>{{cite news |title=GI Tag for Goan Cashew: Unpacking the key details — an explainer - CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/photos/business/geographical-indications-gi-tag-goan-cashew-unpacking-key-details-an-explainer-18068901.htm |access-date=5 November 2024 |work=CNBCTV18 |date=16 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=8 Amazing GI-Tagged Products From Goa to Bring Home With You |url=https://thebetterindia.com/web-stories/goa-food-gi-tag-cashews-feni-harmal-khaje-bebinca-sat-shiro-bheno/ |website=The Better India |access-date=5 November 2024}}</ref>

Goa Cashew Manufactures Association (GCMA) from [[Panaji]] proposed the GI registration of Goa Cashew (Kaju or Caju). After filing the application on 26/10/2020, the Cashew was granted the GI tag in 2023 by the Geographical Indication Registry in [[Chennai]], making the name "Goa Cashew (Kaju or Caju)" exclusive to the cashews grown in the region.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Goan Cashew Gets GI Tag |url=https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/goan-cashew-gets-gi-tag |access-date=2026-03-08 |website=Drishti IAS |language=en}}</ref> It thus became the 2nd Cashew variety from India after [[Vengurla taluka|Vengurla]] Cashew and the 10th type of goods from Goa to earn the GI tag.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Geographical Indications |publisher=Intellectual Property India |url=https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/714 |access-date=5 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Goa Cashew Manufacturing Association (GCMA) {{!}} Business Goa |url=https://businessgoa.in/tag/goa-cashew-manufacturing-association-gcma/ |access-date=5 November 2024}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Goa Mankurad Mango]]
* [[Harmal chilli]]
* [[Khola chilli]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Goan cuisine]]
[[Category:Economy of Goa]]
[[Category:Agriculture in Goa]]
[[Category:Geographical indications in Goa]]
[[Category:Cashew production in India]]

Goan cashew - Revision history

BradyGregg4996: put up initial info initial version - done