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← Older revision		Revision as of 04:00, 14 August 2023
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	== References ==		== References ==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}
	~~{{Portal\|Italy}}~~

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Ermiglia, Giovanni}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Ermiglia, Giovanni}}

->Toddy1: reverted edits of 25 November - it was better before. remove copyedit tag.

2020-11-25T10:41:39Z

reverted edits of 25 November - it was better before. remove copyedit tag.

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Giovanni Ermiglia
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1905|6|24}}
| birth_place = [[Sanremo]], Italy
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|2004|1|14|1905|6|24}}
| death_place = [[Sanremo]], Italy
| nationality = {{flagcountry|Italy}} [[Italians|Italian]]
| occupation = teacher and nonviolent activist.
| title =
}}

'''Giovanni Ermiglia''' (24 June 1905 – 14 January 2004) was a [[non violence|nonviolent]] Italian [[activism|activist]] who founded non-profit organization O.N.G. ASSEFA.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.riviera24.it/2020/06/115-anni-dalla-nascita-di-giovanni-ermiglia-fondatore-di-assefa-627318/ | title = 115 anni dalla nascita di Giovanni Ermiglia fondatore di Assefa | language = it | newspaper = Riviera24 | author = Redazione | date = 2020-06-20 | access-date = 2020-11-15 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.librari.beniculturali.it/it/calendario-eventi/evento/Lalla-Romano-e-la-cultura-francese.-Conferenza/ | title = Lalla Romano e la cultura francese. Conferenza | date = 2007-06-05 | language = it | access-date = 2020-11-15 | publisher = [[Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities (Italy)|MiBACT]], Direzione generale Biblioteche e diritto d'autore }}</ref>
==Biography==

=== Education and early career ===
Giovanni Ermiglia obtained his high-school diploma from the [[Liceo Classico]] Cassini<ref>
{{Cite news
| title = Sanremo: il fondatore dell'Assefa Giovanni Ermiglia ricordato dallo storico Andrea Gandolfo
| author = Andrea Gandolfo
| language = it
| newspaper = Sanremonews
| url = http://www.sanremonews.it/leggi-notizia/argomenti/sanremo-arma-taggia-ospedaletti/articolo/sanremo-il-fondatore-dellassefa-giovanni-ermiglia-ricordato-dallo-storico-andrea-gandolfo.html
| date = 15 January 2014
| access-date= 2016-12-02 }}</ref> in Sanremo, in the Ligurian region of Italy. He received a degree in [[jurisprudence]] from the [[University of Genova]] and also received a philosophy qualification from the University of [[University of Turin|Turin]].<ref name=eco>
{{Cite news
|title = Ermiglia: illuminato operatore di pace
|author = Roberto Basso
|newspaper = L'Eco della Riviera
| pages = 44–45
| language = it
|date = 20 April 2011
| url = https://issuu.com/zem120/docs/magazine_n15
| access-date = 9 April 2018 }}</ref>

While in [[Piedmont]], he spent time with local intellectuals and started dating [[Lalla Romano]], a well known poet, who wrote several poems for him. These works were later collated in ''Poesie per Giovanni'', a book published in 2007 which also included some previously unpublished texts.<ref>{{Cite web
|title = Lalla Romano e la cultura francese. Conferenza
|author = Direzione generale per le Biblioteche, gli Istituti Culturali e il Diritto d'autore
|language = it
|publisher = [[Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali]]
|url = http://www.librari.beniculturali.it/opencms/opencms/it/calendeventi/agenda/eventi/eventi_comitati/evento_104.html
|accessdate = 9 April 2018 }}</ref>

Back in Liguria, Ermiglia left aside his forensic work to become a philosophy teacher.<ref name="eco" /> In the late 1960s, he took part in the debate on the role of [[Christian monasticism#Western Christian monasticism|monasticism]] in [[Western society]]. This followed the publication of [[Thomas Merton]]'s essay ''The contemplative and the atheist'' where Ermiglia, from an [[atheist]] point of view, supported the idea that monks were not compromised with the most questionable aspects of [[Catholic church]] [[Temporal power (papal)|temporal power]].<ref>{{Cite book | pp = [https://archive.org/details/schoolofcharityl0000mert/page/371 371]–373 | title = The School of Charity: The Letters Of Thomas Merton On Religious Renewal & Spiritual Direction | first = Thomas | last = Merton | author-link = Thomas Merton | publisher = Farrar, Straus and Giroux | year = 1990 | chapter = To Father Filiberto Guala | url = https://archive.org/details/schoolofcharityl0000mert | url-access = registration | quote = ermiglia. | access-date = 19 March 2018 }}</ref>

=== Charity Work in India and Italy ===
In 1969, during a trip in the Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]], Ermiglia met Shri J. Loganathan and other activists of the [[Bhoodan|Bhoodan Movement]], which was a movement founded during the 1950s by [[Vinoba Bhave]]. The Bhoodan Movement aimed to better distribute land ownership through voluntary land donations. Vinoba walked across India for 14 years collecting 4,193,579 [[acres]] of land (around 1,700,000 [[hectares]]). Unfortunately, much of this land was dry and/or had been long abandoned, and its new users were very poor and unable to afford new crops, limiting the success of his mission.

After his expedition in India, Ermiglia had the idea to collect money in Italy to help some of the peasant families manage their land effectively and efficiently. The action obtained a large and positive audience around Italy leading to the founding of various groups of activists to support the Indian Sarva Seva Farms (which quite literally means "farms at the service of everybody"), with local groups implementing the Bhoodan Movement in a [[Grassroots|grassroot]] way.<ref name="assf" /> In these first years of activity, Ermiglia was also supported by [[Movimento Sviluppo e Pace]] and SERMIG, two [[Non-governmental organization|NGOs]] in North West Italy respectively, and lead by [[Giorgio Ceragioli]] and [[Ernesto Olivero]].<ref name="gorzegno">{{cite news
|title = Ceragioli, un'anima al Futuro
|author = Edo Gorzegno
|language = it
|newspaper = La Voce del Popolo
|date = 3 August 2008 }}</ref>

Ermiglia's commitment to Sarva Seva Farms increased and he spent a lot of time in India up to the 1990s. In 1995, the Italian groups of Bhoodan supporters were unified in ''ASSEFA Italia'', a national NGO which was officially recognised by the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Italy)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] in 2002. As well as ASSEFA, Ermiglia sometimes also represented [[Movimento Sviluppo e Pace]] in India.<ref>{{Cite book |title = Gandhians in Contemporary India: The Vision and the Visionaries | page = 177 | author = Ishwar C. Harris | publisher = Edwin Mellen Press | year = 1998}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | title = Asian Seminar on Rural Development: The Indian Experience | pages = 132 | author = Mohanlal Lalloobhai Dantwala | publisher = Oxford & IBH Publishing Company| year = 1986}}</ref>

=== Later life and death ===
In his later years, a persistent illness lessened the rate of Ermiglia's activities, which were then left to several friends and collaborators. The work of ASSEFA, which at first was limited to farming [[Tamil Nadu]] and South-India, slowly spread through the country and expanded, encompassing other activities such as education, [[microgrant]]ing<ref>{{Cite book | title = Non-Governmental Organizations and Development| pp= 79 | author = David Lewis e Nazneen Kanji| publisher = Routledge | year = 2009}}</ref> and improving the situation of women. In 2015, the NGO was providing services to around one million households living in 10,000 villages.<ref>{{Cite book |title = Social Economy in China and the World | pp= 164 | author = Ngai Pun, Ben Hok-bun Ku, Hairong Yan, Anita Koo | publisher = Routledge | year = 2015}}</ref>

Giovanni Ermiglia died in 2004 in his hometown of [[Sanremo]]. In his will he left his estate to the ''Livia Rubino e Giovanni Ermiglia'' [[Foundation (nonprofit)|foundation]], established in order to continue his legacy.<ref name="eco" />

== Awards ==
* ''Premio Artigiano della pace'' (''Artisan of Peace award'', granted by the SERMIG) – 1984.<ref name = assf />
* ''Defender of Peace award'' – [[Madurai]] – 1986.<ref name = assf />
* ''Cittadino Benemerito di Sanremo'' (''Distinguished citizen of Sanremo'', granted by the [[comune]] of Sanremo) – 1997.<ref name = eco />
* [[UNICEF]] Italia plaque at ''Premio internazionale Genova per lo sviluppo dei popoli'' (''International award for people's development'') – 1988.<ref name = assf>{{cite book
|author = AA.VV.
|title = Contributo degli amici di Torino (Italia) all'ASSEFA
|year = 2001
|publisher = ASSEFA
|location = Torino
|language = it
|url = http://www.assefaitalia.org/it/pdf/GiovanniErmiglia-costruttore-di-pace.pdf
|format = pdf
|accessdate = 11 August 2011
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110725021703/http://www.assefaitalia.org/it/pdf/GiovanniErmiglia-costruttore-di-pace.pdf
|archive-date = 25 July 2011
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>
* ''Peace Builders award'' (granted by the [[Indian Government]]) – 2001.<ref>
{{Cite news
|title = Pacifismo: è morto a Sanremo Giovanni Ermiglia
|author = Stefano Arduini
|newspaper = Vita Società Editoriale S.p.A.
| language = it
|date = 14 January 2004
|url = http://www.vita.it/it/article/2004/01/14/pacifismo-e-morto-a-sanremo-giovanni-ermiglia/30223/
|accessdate = 9 April 2018
}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Portal|Italy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ermiglia, Giovanni}}
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:2004 deaths]]
[[Category:Nonviolence advocates]]
[[Category:Italian atheists]]
[[Category:Gandhians]]
[[Category:Italian activists]]

Giovanni Ermiglia - Revision history

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

->Toddy1: reverted edits of 25 November - it was better before. remove copyedit tag.