->Syed Aashir at 16:28, 25 January 2021

2021-01-25T16:28:58Z

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{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| name = Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi
| birth_place = [[Patiala]], [[Sikh Confederacy]]
| birth_date = 1743<ref name=Ghaffari>[http://maktabah.org/blog/?p=25 Profile of Shah Abdullah alias Ghulam Ali Dehlavi] on maktabah.org website Published 1 April 2011, Retrieved 16 August 2018</ref>
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1824|10|16|1743}}<ref name=Ghaffari/>
| death_place = [[Old Delhi|Dehli]], [[Mughal Empire]]
| religion = [[Islam]]
| denomination = [[Sunni]]
| jurisprudence = [[Hanafi]]
| creed = [[Maturidi]]
| Sufi_order = [[Naqshbandi]]
| influences = [[Abul-Hassan Kharaqani]] [[Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari]] [[Ahmad Sirhindi]] [[Abu Hanifa]] [[al-Maturidi]] [[Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan]]
| influenced = [[Abu Saeed Ahmadi]] [[Khalid al-Baghdadi]] [[Sajjan Saeen|Muhammad Tahir Bakhshi]]
}}

{{Sufism|Sufis}}

'''Shah Abdullah''' alias '''Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi''' (1743–1824, [[Urdu]]:{{Nastaliq|شاہ غلام علی دہلوی}}) was a Sufi Shaykh in [[Delhi]] during the early 19th century. He was a master of the [[Naqshbandi]] tradition and in other Sufi orders such as [[Chishti]].<ref name=Ghaffari/>

==Biography==
He was born in 1156 AH (1743 C.E.) in [[Patiala]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], in present-day India.<ref name=Ghaffari/> His father was Shah Abdul-Latif, a scholar and Sufi shaykh belonging to the [[Qadri]] [[tariqah]]. It is reported in his biographies that his father had a dream before his birth in which he saw Sayyadna [[Ali]], who told him to name the baby on his name (''Ali''). After he grew up, he modified his own name to be '''Ghulam Ali''' (literally meaning slave of Ali, a common name in Indian Muslims today). Similarly, his mother had a dream in which she saw [[Muhammad]], who told her to name the baby ''Abdullah''. Hence his real name is still known as '''Abdullah''' while his alias is '''Ghulam Ali'''.

He is reported to have memorized the [[Quran]] in a single month's duration.<ref name=Ghaffari/> In 1170 AH he came to Delhi to take the oath of allegiance to [[Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan]], who was a famous Shaykh of [[Naqshbandi]] tariqah in Delhi at that time. After getting trained in the major Sufi orders including [[Naqshbandi]] for 15 years, he received complete Khilafat (spiritual [[Ijazah]]) from his Shaykh.<ref name=Ghaffari/>

He had many Khulafa (deputies) who spread the [[Naqshbandi]] Sufi order to a vast number of people in the whole Muslim world at that time. His Khulafa went to [[Bukhara]], [[Baghdad]], [[Madinah]] and [[Turkey]]. His famous khalifa was Mawlana [[Khalid al-Baghdadi]], who had hundreds of thousands of followers in his lifetime, and many [[Naqshbandi]]'s today in Turkey and nearby countries follow him. His chief deputy and successor was [Hafiz Abu-Saeed-Ahmadi Faruqi Mujaddidi Naqshbandi]] ([[Delhi]]) and his next successor was Hafiz Shah Ahmed Saeed Faruqi Mujaddidi, son of Hafiz Shah Abu Saeed ([[Medina]]) <ref name=Ghaffari/>

He is quoted to have said: "My Faid (spirituality) has reached far off countries. Our Halqa is held in [[Makkah]] and our Halqa is held in [[Madinah]]. Similarly our Halqa is held in [[Baghdad]], Rome (now Turkey and Cyprus) and Maghrib (Parts of Europe and Africa facing Asia). And [[Bukhara]] is our parental home."<ref name=Ghaffari/>

He died on 22 [[Safar]] 1240 AH (15/16 October 1824) and was buried alongside his Shaykh's grave in Khanqah Mirja in [[Delhi]].<ref name=Ghaffari/>

===Writings===
He wrote books, the best known being ''Mazhari'' in Persian, which is a complete biography of his shaykh [[Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan]] Shaheed.<ref name=Ghaffari/>

His other books are:
* Edah-e-Tariqat
* Ahwal-e-Buzurgaan
* Risalah dar Tariqah Ba'yat wa Azkar
* Risalah dar Tariqah Naqshband
* Risalah Sitri Chand dar Ahwal-e-Shah-e-Naqshband
* Risalah-e-Azkar
* Risalah-e-Muraqbat
* Risalah dar Aitarazat Shaykh Abdul-Haq bar Hazrat Mujaddid
* Risalah Mashgooliyah
* Sulook Raqia Naqshbandia
* Makateeb Shareefa (collection of his letters)
* Kamalat-e-Mazhariya
* Malfoozat-e-Sharifa<ref>[https://archive.org/details/Malfuzat-e-sharifaOfHazratShahGhulamAliDehlavi-Urdu Ghulam Ali Dehlavi's book in Urdu Malfuzat-e-Sharifa] Archived link, Retrieved 16 August 2018</ref>

=== Naqshbandi chain<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.islahulmuslimeen.org/golden_chain.asp |title= Golden Chain (Shijra) |publisher=Islah-ul-Muslimeen |access-date=16 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124033432/http://islahulmuslimeen.org/golden_chain.asp |archive-date=2010-11-24 }}</ref><ref name=GoldenChains>[http://maktabah.org/blog/?p=30 The Golden Chains of Ghulam Ali Dehlavi] on maktabah.org website Published 3 April 2011, Retrieved 16 August 2018</ref> ===
{{main|Golden Chain (Naqshbandi)|Naqshbandi-Haqqani Golden Chain|Naqshbandi Tahiri Golden Chain|Naqshbandi Hussaini Golden Chain}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! width="40%" | Name
! width="20%" | Buried
! width="20%" | Birth
! width="20%" | Death
|-
| 14
| Khwaja '''Azizan Ali Ramitani'''
| Khwaarizm, [[Uzbekistan]]
| 591 AH

(1194 C.E)
| 27 [[Ramadan]] 715 or 721 AH

(25/26 December 1315 or 20/21 October 1321)
|-
| 15
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Baba Samasi'''
| Samaas, [[Bukhara]], [[Uzbekistan]]
| 25 [[Rajab]] 591 AH

(5/6 July 1195 C.E)
| 10 [[Jumada al-Thani]] 755 AH

(2/3 July 1354 C.E)
|-
| 16
| [[Amir Kulal|Khwaja Sayyid '''Amir Kulal''']]
| Saukhaar, [[Bukhara]], [[Uzbekistan]]
| 676 AH

(1277/1278 C.E)
| Wed 2 [[Jumada al-Thani]] 772 AH

(21/22 December 1370 C.E)
|-
| 17
| [[Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari|Khwaja '''Muhammad Baha'uddin Naqshband''' Bukhari]]
| Qasr-e-Aarifan, [[Bukhara]], [[Uzbekistan]]
| 4 Muharram 718 AH

(8/9 March 1318 C.E)
| 3 [[Rabi al-Awwal]] 791 AH

(2/3 March 1389 C.E)
|-
| 18
| Khwaja '''Ala'uddin Attar''' Bukhari, son-in-law of (17)
| Jafaaniyan, [[Transoxiana]] ([[Uzbekistan]])
|
| Wed 20 [[Rajab]] 804 AH

(23 February 1402 C.E)
|-
| 19
| Khwaja '''Yaqub Charkhi'''
| Gulistan, [[Dushanbe]], [[Tajkistan]]
| 762 AH

(1360/1361 C.E)
| 5 [[Safar]] 851 AH

(21/22 April 1447 C.E)
|-
| 20
| Khwaja '''Ubaidullah Ahrar'''
| [[Samarkand]], [[Uzbekistan]]
| [[Ramadan]] 806 AH

(March/April 1404 C.E)
| 29 [[Rabi al-Awwal]] 895 AH

(19/20 February 1490 C.E)
|-
| 21
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Zahid Wakhshi'''
| Wakhsh
| 14 [[Shawwal]] 852 AH

(11/12 December 1448 C.E)
| 1 [[Rabi al-Awwal]] 936 AH

(3/4 November 1529 C.E)
|-
| 22
| Khwaja '''Durwesh Muhammad''', son of sister of (21)
| Asqarar, [[Uzbekistan]]
| 16 [[Shawwal]] 846 AH

(17/18 February 1443 C.E)
| 19 [[Muharram]] 970 AH

(18/19 September 1562 C.E)
|-
| 23
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Amkanaki''', son of (22)
| Amkana, [[Bukhara]], [[Uzbekistan]]
| 918 AH

(1512/1513 C.E)
| 22 [[Sha'aban|Shaban]] 1008 AH

(8/9 March 1600 C.E)
|-
| 24
| [[Khwaja Baqi Billah|Khwaja '''Muhammad Baqi Billah''' Berang]]
| [[Delhi]], [[India]]
| 5 [[Dhu al-Hijjah]] 971 or 972 AH

(14 July 1564 / 3 July 1565)
| 25 [[Jumada al-Thani]] 1012 AH

(29/30 November 1603 C.E)
|-
| 25
| [[Ahmad Sirhindi|Shaikh '''Ahmad al-Farūqī al-Sirhindī''', Imām Rabbānī]]
| [[Sirhind]], [[India]]
| 14 [[Shawwal]] 971 AH

(25/26 May 1564 C.E)
| 28 [[Safar]] 1034 AH

(9/10 December 1624 C.E)
|-
| 26
| Imām Khwaja '''Muhammad Masum''' Faruqi, 3rd son of (25)
| [[Sirhind]], [[India]]
| 1007 AH

(1598/1599 C.E)
| 9 [[Rabi al-Awwal]] 1099 AH

(13/14 January 1688 C.E)
|-
| 27
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Saifuddin''' Faruqi, son of (26)
| [[Sirhind]], [[India]]
| 1049 AH

(1639/1640 C.E)
| 19 or 26 [[Jumada al-awwal]] 1096 AH

(April 1685 C.E)
|-
| 28
| Hafiz '''Muhammad Mohsin''' Dehlavi
| [[Delhi]], [[India]]
|
|
|-
| 29
| Sayyid '''Nur Muhammad Badayuni'''
| [[Delhi]], [[India]]
|
| 11 [[Dhu al-Qi'dah]] 1135AH

(12/13 August 1723 C.E)
|-
| 30
| [[Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan|Shaheed '''Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan''', Shams-ud-Dīn Habībullāh]]
| [[Delhi]], [[India]]
| 11 [[Ramadan]] 1111 AH

(2/3 March 1700 C.E)
| 10 [[Muharram]] 1195 AH

(Fri 5 January 1781 C.E)
|-
| 31
| Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi|Khwaja Abdullah Dehlavi, alias '''Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi'''
| [[Delhi]], [[India]]
| 1156 AH<ref name=Ghaffari/>

(1743 C.E)
| 22 [[Safar]] 1240 AH

(15/16 October 1824 C.E)

|}

===Qadri chain===
Extracted from Maqamat Mazhari by Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi<ref name=GoldenChains/>

# Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi
# [[Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan]]
# Muhammad Abid Sanami
# Abdul Ahad
# Muhammad Said
# [[Ahmed Sirhindi]]
# Abdul Ahad Faruqi
# Shah Kamal Kethali
# Shah Fuzail
# Gada e Rahman Sani
# Shamsuddin Arif
# Gada e Rahman Awal
# Shamsuddin Sehrai
# Aqeel
# Abdul Wahhab
# Sharfuddin
# Abdur Razzaq
# [[Abdul-Qadir Gilani]]

===Chishti chain===
Extracted from Maqamat Mazhari by Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi

# Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlvi
# [[Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan]]
# Muhammad Abid Sanami
# Abdul Ahad Sirhindi
# Muhammad Said
# [[Ahmed Sirhindi]]
# Abdul Ahad Faruqi
# Ruknuddin
# [[Abdul Quddus Gangohi]]
# Muhammad Arif
# Ahmed Abdul Haq
# Jalaluddin Panipati
# Shamsuddin Turk
# [[Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari]]
# [[Fariduddin Ganjshakar]]
# [[Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki]]
# [[Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti]]

==His Khulafa==
His Khulafa were numerous and many of them were prominent Shaykhs at their times. Following is a list of his most prominent Khulafa as extracted from various sources.

# Mawlana [[Hafiz Abu-Saeed-Ahmadi Faruqi Mujaddidi Naqshbandi]], his successor ([[Delhi]])<ref name=Ghaffari/>
# Mawlana Hafiz Shah Ahmed Saeed Faruqi Mujaddidi, son of Hafiz Shah Abu Saeed ([[Medina]])
# Shah Rauf Ahmed Raaft Faruqi Mujaddidi Rampuri ([[Bhopal]])
# Mawlana [[Khalid al-Baghdadi]] al-Kurdi al-Rumi ([[Turkey]])<ref name=Ghaffari/>
# Mawlana Ismaeel Madani ([[Medina]])
# Mawlana Ghulam Mohiuddin Qusoori<ref name=Ghaffari/>
# Mawlana Bashartullah Behra'ichi
# Mawlana Shah Gul Muhammad Ghaznavi ([[Bukhara]])
# Mawlana Muhammad Sharif ([[Sirhind]])
# Mawlana Pir Muhammad ([[Kashmir]])
# Mawlana Jan Muhammad ([[Herat]])
# Mawlana Muhammad Jan ([[Makkah]], d.1266 AH), whose Khulafa spread up to Turkey<ref name=Ghaffari/>
# Shah Saad'ullah Naqshbandi (Hyderabad)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111013160113/http://www.maktabah.org/index.php/biography/sufi-shaikhs/889.html Maqamat Mazhari (Urdu translation) by Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi: Biography of his shaykh Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan]
* 'Halate Mashayekhe Naqshbandiya Mujaddediya' written by mawlana muhammad hasan naqshbandi mujaddedi.first published march,1982.(1402hz).'Narinda khanka Sharif'
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi}}
{{Hanafi scholars}}
{{Maturidi}}
[[Category:1743 births]]
[[Category:1824 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Patiala]]
[[Category:Hanafis]]
[[Category:Maturidis]]
[[Category:Naqshbandi order]]
[[Category:Indian Sufi saints]]
[[Category:Sufi teachers]]
[[Category:18th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]

Ghulam Ali Dehlavi - Revision history

->Syed Aashir at 16:28, 25 January 2021