https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Ghatixalus_variabilisGhatixalus variabilis - Revision history2026-09-28T08:17:30ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghatixalus_variabilis&diff=174452&oldid=previmported>Extraordinary Writ: Adding short description: "Species of frog" (Shortdesc helper)2021-02-03T01:19:01Z<p>Adding <a href="https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Bharatpedia:Short_description" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Short description">short description</a>: "Species of frog" (<a href="https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Bharatpedia:Shortdesc_helper" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Shortdesc helper">Shortdesc helper</a>)</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{short description|Species of frog}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}<br />
{{speciesbox<br />
| image = Davidraju img f3.jpg<br />
| status = EN | status_system = IUCN3.1<br />
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite journal | author1 = Biju, S.D. | author2 = Dutta, S. | author3 = Vasudevan, K. | author4 = Srinivasulu, C. | author5 = Angulo, A. | title = ''Ghatixalus variabilis'' | journal = [[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] | volume= 2010 | page = e.T59027A11872030 | year = 2010 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T59027A11872030.en }}</ref><br />
| taxon = Ghatixalus variabilis<br />
| authority = ([[Thomas C. Jerdon|Jerdon]], 1854)<br />
| synonyms = ''Polypedates variabilis'' <small>Jerdon, 1854</small><br /><br />
''Rhacophorus variabilis'' <small>(Jerdon, 1854)</small><br /><br />
''Polypedates pleurostictus'' <small>Günther, 1864</small><br /><br />
''Rhacophorus parkeri'' <small>Ahl, 1927</small><br />
}}<br />
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'''''Ghatixalus variabilis''''' is a species of [[frog]] in the family [[Rhacophoridae]]. It is [[Endemism|endemic]] to the [[Western Ghats]] of southern [[India]].<ref name=Frost/> It has a number of common names, including '''green tree frog''',<ref name=Frost/> though it is terrestrial rather than arboreal in its life style.<ref name=BijuEtAl/><br />
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==Description==<br />
Male ''Ghatixalus variabilis'' grow to a snout-vent length of {{convert|41|-|51|mm|abbr=on}} and females to about {{convert|67|mm|abbr=on}}. Males have nuptial spines. The colour is variable, even within a single location. The [[Dorsum (anatomy)|dorsum]] has a colour pattern characterized by prominent dark brown blotches.<ref name=BijuEtAl/><br />
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''Ghatixalus variabilis'' build spherical foams nests that are suspended up to {{convert|3|m|abbr=on}} above the water. [[Tadpole]]s hatch within the foam and drop to the water after a few days.<ref name=BijuEtAl/><br />
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[[File:Ghatixalus variabilis - Gunther.jpg|thumb|left|Illustration of ''Polypedates pleurostictus'' from [[Albert Günther]]'s ''The Reptiles of British India'' where it was [[species description|described]] as a new species in 1864.<ref name="Gunther 1864"/> A study published in 2001 considered it to be [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''Ghatixalus variabilis'', although another study published the same year doubted this. At present, it is treated as a synonym of ''G. variabilis''.<ref name=Frost/>]]<br />
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==Habitat and distribution==<br />
''Ghatixalus variabilis'' is only known from the [[Nilgiri hills]] (a part of the [[Western Ghats]]), [[Tamil Nadu]], India. They are found in evergreen montane forest patches at high altitudes. They are only found very near mountain streams, either on ground or low in the vegetation. When disturbed they escape to the water.<ref name=IUCN/><ref name=BijuEtAl>{{Cite journal | last1 = Biju | first1 = S. | last2 = Roelants | first2 = K. | last3 = Bossuyt | first3 = F. | doi = 10.1016/j.ode.2007.11.004 | title = Phylogenetic position of the montane treefrog ''Polypedates variabilis'' Jerdon, 1853 (Anura: Rhacophoridae), and description of a related species | journal = Organisms Diversity & Evolution | volume = 8 | issue = 4 | pages = 267–276| year = 2008 }}</ref><br />
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Their habitat is threatened by fragmentation due to agricultural and logging activities as well as rural and/or urban development.<ref name=IUCN/><br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist|refs=<br />
<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia123/index.php//Amphibia/Anura/Rhacophoridae/Rhacophorinae/Ghatixalus/Ghatixalus-variabilis |title=''Ghatixalus variabilis'' (Jerdon, 1854) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2016 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=3 October 2016}}</ref><br />
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<ref name="Gunther 1864">{{Cite book| last = Günther | first = Albert C. L. G.| title = The Reptiles of British India| year = 1864| publisher = R. Hardwicke| location = London| series = Ray Society (Series) No. 35 | url = https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/5012}}</ref><br />
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==External links==<br />
{{Commons category|Ghatixalus variabilis}}<br />
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2720429}}<br />
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[[Category:Ghatixalus|variabilis]]<br />
[[Category:Endemic fauna of the Western Ghats]]<br />
[[Category:Frogs of India]]<br />
[[Category:Taxa named by Thomas C. Jerdon]]<br />
[[Category:Amphibians described in 1854]]<br />
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]</div>imported>Extraordinary Writ