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2025-07-19T09:04:44Z

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{{Short description|Species of crab}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Ghatiana dvivarna.jpg
| genus = Ghatiana
| species = dvivarna
| authority = Pati & Thackeray, 2022
}}

'''''Ghatiana dvivarna''''' is a species of freshwater crab from the Central [[Western Ghats]] in India that was first identified in 2022.<ref name=Nauplius>{{cite journal|title=A new species of the freshwater crab genus Ghatiana Pati and Sharma, 2014 (Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Central Western Ghats, India|first1=S.K.|last1=Pati|first2=Tejas|last2=Thackeray|journal=Nauplius|date=15 August 2022|volume=30|doi=10.1590/2358-2936e2022019|doi-access=free|bibcode=2022Naup...30E2019P }}</ref><ref name="DownToEarth">{{cite news |title=Freshwater crab species with striking colours found in Western Ghats |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/wildlife-biodiversity/freshwater-crab-species-with-striking-colours-found-in-western-ghats-84610 |publisher=Himanshu Nitnaware |date=30 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Belagere |first1=Chetana |title=What is Ghatiana Dvivarna? Forest guard, naturalist from Karnataka discover new crab species |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/news/story-of-how-a-forest-guard-and-naturalist-from-karnataka-discovered-a-new-crab-species/ |website=The South First |publisher=South First |access-date=20 Aug 2022 |date=20 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kumar H |first1=Pavan |title=Ramesh Badiger, Parashuram Bajantri and Parasappa Jajappagol |url=https://23in23.deccanherald.com/ramesh-badigar-parashuram-bajantri-and-parasappa-jajappagol |website=DH Changemakers |publisher=Deccan Herald |access-date=20 Jan 2023 |language=en |date=26 December 2022}}</ref>

== Discovery ==
The species was first sighted June 30, 2021, in Anshi wildlife range, [[Kali Tiger Reserve]] in Karnataka. Parshuram Prabhu Bajantri a forest guard at the wildlife range was looking for a [[Echis carinatus|saw-scaled viper]] from the region. His friend accompanying him had suggested to check deeper forest areas near laterite rocks when he spotted the crab near a waterbody. He took pictures of the crab and shared it with Varad Giri, the head scientist at [[Reliance Foundation]]. Giri checked the photos and said it was likely a new species. A year later, a paper was published in August 2022, announcing the new species.<ref name="DownToEarth">{{cite news |title=Freshwater crab species with striking colours found in Western Ghats |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/wildlife-biodiversity/freshwater-crab-species-with-striking-colours-found-in-western-ghats-84610 |publisher=Himanshu Nitnaware |date=30 August 2022}}</ref>

==Distribution==
Ghatiana dvivarna's type locality is Bare in the [[Uttara Kannada]] district of [[Karnataka]] in the Western Ghats. It is endemic to this area.<ref name=Nauplius>{{cite journal|title=A new species of the freshwater crab genus Ghatiana Pati and Sharma, 2014 (Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Central Western Ghats, India|first1=S.K.|last1=Pati|first2=Tejas|last2=Thackeray|journal=Nauplius|date=15 August 2022|volume=30|doi=10.1590/2358-2936e2022019|doi-access=free|bibcode=2022Naup...30E2019P }}</ref>[[File:Ghatiana dvivarna type locality.png|left|thumb|Ghatiana dvivarna's type locality]]

== Etymology ==
The specific epithet, ''dvivarna'' (द्विवर्ण) is derived from the [[Sanskrit]] word for ‘bicolor’, after his discover Mr.P.P.Bhajantri wanted to name the crab in [[Kannada]], so the Sanskrit word (which is also present in Kannada) was chosen, referring to the crab's colour in life, which mainly consists of two colours (white and red-violet).<ref name=Nauplius>{{cite journal|title=A new species of the freshwater crab genus Ghatiana Pati and Sharma, 2014 (Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Central Western Ghats, India|first1=S.K.|last1=Pati|first2=Tejas|last2=Thackeray|journal=Nauplius|date=15 August 2022|volume=30|doi=10.1590/2358-2936e2022019|doi-access=free|bibcode=2022Naup...30E2019P }}</ref><ref name="DownToEarth">{{cite news |title=Freshwater crab species with striking colours found in Western Ghats |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/wildlife-biodiversity/freshwater-crab-species-with-striking-colours-found-in-western-ghats-84610 |publisher=Himanshu Nitnaware |date=30 August 2022}}</ref>

== Behaviour and ecology ==
The species inhabits elevated mountains of the Central Western Ghats in rocky outcrops with grassy vegetation. The holes in the laterite rocks are their natural habitat. Individuals can also take shelter underneath small boulders. They are generally seen during the monsoon (June–September). They are mostly active during the twilight. As many as 30–40 crabs can be seen during this time when the weather is very cloudy with precipitation or mist.<ref name=Nauplius>{{cite journal|title=A new species of the freshwater crab genus Ghatiana Pati and Sharma, 2014 (Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Central Western Ghats, India|first1=S.K.|last1=Pati|first2=Tejas|last2=Thackeray|journal=Nauplius|date=15 August 2022|volume=30|doi=10.1590/2358-2936e2022019|doi-access=free|bibcode=2022Naup...30E2019P }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q115577220}}

[[Category:Grapsoidea]]
[[Category:Crustaceans described in 2022]]
[[Category:Crustaceans of India]]
[[Category:Fauna of Karnataka]]

Ghatiana dvivarna - Revision history

RenaldoParadis: made - done