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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ghare Baire
| image = Dvd ghare baire satyajit ray.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| native_name = The Home and the World
| director = [[Satyajit Ray]]
| producer = [[National Film Development Corporation of India|NFDC]]
| writer = [[Satyajit Ray]], from the novel by [[Rabindranath Tagore]]
| starring = [[Swatilekha Sengupta|Swatilekha Chatterjee]] (Sengupta)<br>[[Victor Banerjee]]<br>[[Jennifer Kendal]]<br>[[Soumitra Chatterjee]]
| music = [[Satyajit Ray]]
| cinematography = [[Soumendu Roy]]
| editing = [[Dulal Dutta]]
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1984|05|22|df=y}}
| runtime = 140 minutes
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]/[[English language|English]]
| budget =
}}

'''''Ghare Baire''''' ({{trans|''The Home and the World''}}) is a 1984 Indian [[Bengali language|Bengali]]-language [[romantic drama film]] directed and written by [[Satyajit Ray]]. Based on [[Rabindranath Tagore]]'s novel [[The Home and the World|of the same name]], starring [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], [[Victor Banerjee]], [[Jennifer Kendal]] and [[Swatilekha Sengupta|Swatilekha Chatterjee]]. The film has a complex portrayal of several themes including nationalism, women emancipation, spiritual and materialistic take on life, tradition versus modernism, and others.<ref>[[Pauline Kael]], ''[[State of the Art (book)|State of the Art]]'' {{ISBN|0-7145-2869-2}}</ref><ref name="Ghatpande Ghatpande 2017">{{cite web | last=Ghatpande | first=Neha | title=Ghare-Baire: Bimala's Transgression Of Boundaries Between The Home And The World | website=Feminism in India | date=8 May 2017 | url=https://feminisminindia.com/2017/05/09/ghare-baire-analysis/ | access-date=31 December 2022 | archive-date=31 December 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231045500/https://feminisminindia.com/2017/05/09/ghare-baire-analysis/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Basu 2020">{{cite web | last=Basu | first=Sanjukta | title=Gender, Sexuality and Nation – Tagore's Ghare Baire (Home and the World) | website=This Is My Truth | date=18 May 2020 | url=https://sanjukta.wordpress.com/2020/05/18/gender-sexuality-and-nation-rabindranath-tagore-ghare-baire-home-and-the-world-ignou-assignments-mawgs/ | access-date=31 December 2022 | archive-date=31 December 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231045500/https://sanjukta.wordpress.com/2020/05/18/gender-sexuality-and-nation-rabindranath-tagore-ghare-baire-home-and-the-world-ignou-assignments-mawgs/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Mahapatra 2020">{{cite web | last=Mahapatra | first=Anirban | title=What Satyajit Ray's Ghare Baire tells us about our age of aggressive nationalism | website=The Indian Express | date=22 March 2020 | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/express-sunday-eye/what-satyajit-rays-ghare-baire-tells-us-about-our-age-of-aggressive-nationalism-6322470/ | access-date=31 December 2022 | archive-date=31 December 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231045452/https://indianexpress.com/article/express-sunday-eye/what-satyajit-rays-ghare-baire-tells-us-about-our-age-of-aggressive-nationalism-6322470/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Analysis 2022">{{cite web | last=Analysis | first=The | title=Satyajit Ray's Ghare Baire and lessons for India's nationalism | website=The Analysis | date=20 March 2022 | url=https://theanalysis.org.in/2022/03/20/satyajit-rays-ghare-baire-and-lessons-for-indias-nationalism/ | access-date=31 December 2022 | archive-date=31 December 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231045500/https://theanalysis.org.in/2022/03/20/satyajit-rays-ghare-baire-and-lessons-for-indias-nationalism/ | url-status=live }}</ref>

Ray prepared a script for it in the 1940s, long before he made his first film ''[[Pather Panchali]]''. The film was in competition for the [[Palme d'Or]] at the [[1984 Cannes Film Festival]].<ref name="festival-cannes.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/1187/year/1984.html |title=Festival de Cannes: Ghare Baire |access-date=2009-06-23 |work=festival-cannes.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001191116/http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/1187/year/1984.html |archive-date=1 October 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref> At the 32nd National Film Awards, it won the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali]].

==Plot==
[[File:Ghare Baire shot.jpg|thumb|left|A scene from film]]
The story is set in 1907 on the estate of the rich and influential [[Bengalis|Bengali]] [[zamindar|noble]] Nikhilesh ([[Victor Banerjee]]) in Sukhsayar. In the chaotic aftermath of [[George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston|Lord Curzon]]'s [[Partition of Bengal (1905)|partition of Bengal]] into Muslim and Hindu states, the [[Swadeshi movement]] is trying to impose a boycott of foreign goods by claiming that imports are at the root of Indian poverty. Nikhilesh was the first in his family to receive a Western education and he has modern views. He married Bimala ([[Swatilekha Sengupta]]). He appointed Miss Gilby to teach his wife Bimala [[Piano]] and English songs. He lives happily with his wife Bimala and his widowed sister-in-law until the appearance of his friend, a revolutionist and a strong supporter of the Swadeshi movement, Sandip ([[Soumitra Chatterjee]]). Sandip comes to Sukhsayar to convince Nikhilesh and the villagers to renounce foreign goods in exchange for the Swadeshi ones.

Sandip, a passionate and active man, is a contradiction to the peace-loving and somewhat passive Nikhilesh. Nikhilesh introduces him to his wife Bimala. However, Sandip feels infatuated with Bimala. He insists she meets him daily and decided to stay in Nikhilesh's bungalow. He easily attracts innocent and unsuspecting Bimala. Meanwhile, Miss Gilby is hit by a student who was associated with the Swadeshi movement when she was returning from the Church. Because of this, she decides to leave Sukhsayar. Although Nikhilesh figures out what is happening between Sandip and Bimala through his sister-in-law and close associates, he is mature and grants Bimala the freedom to grow and explore what she wants in life, as their marriage was arranged when she was a girl. Further, Nikhilesh tells Bimala that he would like her to have a life not only inside the home but outside of it as well — a controversial stance in 1916 when the novel was written. Sandip convinces Bimala to support the Swadeshi movement and urges her to convince Nikhilesh too about the movement who is against the Swadeshi movement because it is not affordable for the poor. According to Nikhilesh, poor people can't afford the movement because foreign goods are cheap and have better quality than the Swadeshi ones and they would suffer if foreign goods are banned. Thus, he doesn't ban foreign goods in Sukhsayar. Although Sandip doesn't concede defeat and starts to make some sinister plan when local poor Muslim tenants also refused to stop buying and selling foreign goods. He creates groups that would often snatch foreign items from the local Muslim traders and bribe the local administrator to sink the boats carrying the foreign goods in Sukhsayar. This results in the growing hatred between Hindus and Muslims. Muslim preachers from other areas started to take benefit of these problems between Hindus and Muslims of Sukhsayar and started to preach hatred to poor Muslim peasants against Hindus.

Sandip demands money from Bimala for the Swadeshi cause. Unsuspecting Bimala gives her the required money but found later that he had demanded more money than required. She also found that he is creating problems in Sukhsayar. Bimala ultimately realizes that it is indeed her husband Nikhilesh who actually loves her rather than Sandip. She regrets her actions in front of Nikhilesh who forgives her. In Sukhsayar, riots broke out between Muslims and Hindus. Nikhilesh decides to go himself and stop the riots between the two groups. Meanwhile, Sandip leaves Sukhsayar by train as soon as he hears about the riots. In the morning, to the horror of Bimala and all the people close to Nikhilesh, Nikhilesh is found dead and Bimala becomes a widow.

==Cast==
*[[Soumitra Chatterjee]] ... Sandip Mukherjee
*[[Victor Banerjee]] ... Nikhilesh Choudhury
*[[Swatilekha Sengupta]]... Bimala Choudhury
* Gopa Aich ... sister-in-law
*[[Jennifer Kendal]] ... Miss Gilby (as Jennifer Kapoor)
*[[Manoj Mitra]]... Headmaster
* Indrapramit Roy ... Amulya
* Bimala Chatterjee ... Kulada
* Master Ajay Ghosh

==Production==
[[Satyajit Ray]] wrote a script for ''Ghare Baire'' in the 1940s, but the film, which was to have been directed by [[Harisadhan Dasgupta]], was never made. Years later, Ray returned to his script and reworked it, describing the original version as "amateurish".<ref name="satyajiyrayworldscriptwriter">{{cite web|title=Official Website of Satyajit Ray World: Script Writer|url=http://satyajitrayworld.org/script_writer.html|website=satyajitrayworld.org|access-date=1 May 2018|archive-date=13 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913053103/http://satyajitrayworld.org/script_writer.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Soumitra Chatterjee]] was a Ray regular, having started his career with ''[[Apur Sansar]]''. [[Victor Banerjee]] had also worked with Ray in ''[[Shatranj ke Khilari]]''. [[Swatilekha Sengupta|Swatilekha Chatterjee]], however, was a stage actress with the theatre group Nandikar, with no experience of acting in films. Ray saw her in a stage production and decided that she was the right choice to play the role of Bimala.<ref name="swatilekhainterview">{{cite news|last1=Sen|first1=Zinia|title=I wanted to kill myself after Ghare Baire: Swatilekha Sengupta|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/I-wanted-to-kill-myself-after-Ghare-Baire-Swatilekha-Sengupta/articleshow/47510881.cms|access-date=4 May 2018|work=The Times of India|date=12 January 2017|archive-date=5 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180605131659/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/I-wanted-to-kill-myself-after-Ghare-Baire-Swatilekha-Sengupta/articleshow/47510881.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1983, during the shooting of the film, Ray suffered two massive heart attacks. His son, [[Sandip Ray]], completed the project from his detailed instructions.{{citation needed|date=November 2018}}

==Reception==
The film did well commercially when initially released. Ray's heart attack may have played a role in this. For the Indian audience, there was an additional interest, since it featured the first full-fledged kiss in Ray's films.

Critical response in India was mixed. Sumit Mitra in his long review in [[India Today]] said the film "looks like an intended failure".<ref name="mitraindiatoday">{{cite news|last1=Mitra|first1=Sumit|title=Satyajit Ray's Ghare Baire looks like an intended failure to its last reel|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-the-arts/story/19840715-satyajit-rays-ghare-baire-looks-like-an-intended-failure-to-its-last-reel-803112-1984-07-15|access-date=11 May 2018|work=India Today|date=15 July 1984|archive-date=11 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511145850/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-the-arts/story/19840715-satyajit-rays-ghare-baire-looks-like-an-intended-failure-to-its-last-reel-803112-1984-07-15|url-status=live}}</ref> Some critics (including Mitra) thought Swatilekha Chatterjee was miscast as Bimala, as she herself recounts in a recent interview, more than thirty years after the release of the film. She says: "One critic wrote a line, `She never lived nor looked the role'." She goes on to add that, after reading the reviews, she had felt like killing herself.<ref name="swatilekhainterview" />

Abroad however, the response was mostly positive. The film premiered at Cannes, where it was well received. Although Ray was too ill to travel, at his insistence both Soumitra Chatterjee and Swatilekha Chatterjee went to Cannes. The latter recalls being felicitated for her performance: "... those around came and hugged me."<ref name="swatilekhainterview" />

[[Pauline Kael]] wrote: "Toward the end, Bimala, who was [encouraged] into independence by her husband, becomes desperate to express that independence — recklessly, heedlessly. When it comes to truthfulness about women's lives, this great Indian moviemaker Satyajit Ray shames the American and European directors of both sexes."<ref>[[Pauline Kael]], ''State of the Art'' p. 382</ref>
[[Vincent Canby]] wrote in the New York Times: "As with the works of any great director, ''The Home and the World'' defies easy categorization. In close-up, it's a love story, but it's one so fully defined that, as in a long-shot, it also succeeds in dramatizing the events seen on the far horizon - including the political differences between Gandhi, who led the nationalist movement, and Tagore, who, like Nikhil, stood for civilized compromise." About the performances, he wrote: "The film is acted with immense grace by its three leading actors."<ref name=nyt>{{cite news|last=Canby|first=Vincent|title=Movie Review - The home and the World|url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E00E5D91039F932A15755C0A963948260|access-date=8 February 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=21 June 1985|archive-date=16 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816111005/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/06/21/movies/film-by-satyajit-ray.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Roger Ebert]] noted that the real story of the film takes place within Bimala's heart and mind. He added: "It is a contemplative movie -- quiet, slow, a series of conversations punctuated by sudden bursts of activity."<ref name=ebert>{{cite news|title=The Home and the World :: rogerebert.com :: Reviews|url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19840101/REVIEWS/401010346/1023|access-date=15 February 2013|work=Chicago Sun-Times|archive-date=27 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127134132/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19840101/REVIEWS/401010346/1023|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Awards==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
!scope="col"| Year
!scope="col"| Award
!scope="col"| Category
!scope="col"| Nominee(s)
!scope="col"| Result
!scope="col"| Ref.
|-
| [[1984 Cannes Film Festival|1984]]
| [[Cannes Film Festival]]
| [[Palme d'Or]]
| [[Satyajit Ray]]
| {{nom}}
| <ref name="cinemafr">{{cite web |url=http://www.cinema-francais.fr/cannes/cannes_1984.htm |title=37ème Festival International du Film - Cannes |work=cinema-francais.fr |language=fr |access-date=5 June 2017 |archive-date=13 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170613080531/http://www.cinema-francais.fr/cannes/cannes_1984.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[National Board of Review Awards 1985|1985]]
| [[National Board of Review Awards]]
| Top Foreign Films
| ''Ghare Baire''
| {{won}}
| <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nationalboardofreview.org/award-years/1985/ |title=1985 Award Winners |date=2016 |publisher=[[National Board of Review of Motion Pictures]] |access-date=November 5, 2016 |archive-date=20 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150820014742/http://www.nationalboardofreview.org/award-years/1985/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3"|[[32nd National Film Awards|1985]]
| rowspan="3"|[[National Film Awards]]
| [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali|Best Feature Film in Bengali]]
| [[National Film Development Corporation of India|NFDC]] and [[Satyajit Ray]]
| {{won}}
| rowspan="3"|<ref name="32ndawardPDF">{{cite web|url=http://dff.nic.in/2011/32nd_nff_1985.pdf|title=32nd National Film Awards (PDF)|publisher=[[Directorate of Film Festivals]]|access-date=18 January 2013|archive-date=29 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029203732/http://dff.nic.in/2011/32nd_nff_1985.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
| [[Victor Banerjee]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[National Film Award for Best Costume Design|Best Costume Design]]
| Harudas and Bapuldas
| {{won}}
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070625082925/http://www.satyajitray.org/films/ghare.htm satyajitray.org]
* {{IMDb title|0087328|Ghare Baire (The Home and the World)}}

{{National Film Award Best Feature Film Bengali}}
{{Satyajit Ray}}

[[Category:1984 films]]
[[Category:1984 romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Films based on Indian novels]]
[[Category:Films based on works by Rabindranath Tagore]]
[[Category:Films about women in India]]
[[Category:Films set in the 1900s]]
[[Category:Films featuring a Best Supporting Actor National Film Award-winning performance]]
[[Category:Films directed by Satyajit Ray]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Satyajit Ray]]
[[Category:Films that won the Best Costume Design National Film Award]]
[[Category:Best Bengali Feature Film National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:1980s Bengali-language films]]
[[Category:National Film Development Corporation of India films]]

Ghare Baire (film) - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article