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{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Gerald Philip Crampton
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|OBE}}
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| birth_date = 14 May 1894
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| death_date = 1983
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|allegiance = {{UK}}
|branch = {{flagicon|British Raj}} [[British Indian Army]]
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| unit = [[Northamptonshire Regiment]]<br>[[Royal Hampshire Regiment|Hampshire Regiment 1/4th Battalion]]<br>[[9th Gorkha Rifles]]
| commands =
| known_for =[[Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre]] (1919)
| battles = {{Tree list}}
* [[First World War]]
** [[Gallipoli Campaign]]
** [[Mesopotamian campaign]]
* [[Second World War]]
{{Tree list/end}}
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'''Gerald Philip Crampton''' (14 May 1894-1983) was an officer in the [[British Indian Army]] attached to the [[9th Gorkha Rifles]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Choudhuri |first1=P. |title=9 Gurkha Rifles: A Regimental History, 1817-1947 |date=1984 |publisher=Vision Books |pages=105-107 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HAk7AAAAMAAJ|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Gerald Crampton was born on 14 May 1894, to Thomas Hobbs, a physician, and Augusta.<ref name=Merchant2>{{cite book |last1=School |title=London (England) Merchant Taylors' School |date=1936 |publisher=Merchant's Taylors' Company |page=4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BgdOAAAAMAAJ|language=en}}</ref> He was educated at [[Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood|Merchant Taylors' School]], [[Northwood, London|Northwood]], London, leaving there in 1912 before studying science at [[Downing College, Cambridge|Downing College]], [[Cambridge]].<ref name=Merchant2/><ref name=Merchant1923>{{cite book |title=Merchant Taylors' School Register, 1851-1920 |date=1923 |publisher=Merchant's Taylors' Company |page=370 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_4tBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA370|language=en}}</ref>

==Career==
Crampton was commissioned into the [[British Indian Army]], serving with the [[Northamptonshire Regiment]], the [[Royal Hampshire Regiment|Hampshire Regiment 1/4th Battalion]], and the [[9th Gorkha Rifles]], and participated in the campaigns at [[Gallipoli Campaign|Gallipoli]] and in [[Mesopotamian campaign|Mesopotamia]].<ref name=Perkins.191>Perkins, p. 191</ref><ref name=IWM>{{cite web |title=Life story: Gerald Philip Crampton {{!}} Lives of the First World War |url=https://livesofthefirstworldwar.iwm.org.uk/lifestory/1003663|website=livesofthefirstworldwar.iwm.org.uk |access-date=3 March 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The 9th Gurkha Rifles |date=1937 |publisher=Royal United Service Institution |page=261 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9kt507Lha0sC|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=1st Battalion, 9th Gurkha Rifles |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32002/supplement/8065/data.pdf|access-date=3 March 2026 |work=Supplement to The London Gazette |date=3 August 1920 |page=8065}}</ref>

On 10 April 1919, Crampton was passing through [[Amritsar Junction railway station|Amritsar railway station]] en route to [[Peshawar]] from [[Dehradun]] with his regiment when the station came under attack by a large crowd.<ref name=Wagner.100>Wagner, p. 100</ref><ref name=Collett.234>Collett, p. 234</ref> He was subsequently ordered to remain in Amritsar.<ref name=Wagner.100/><ref name=Collett.234/> On 13 April 1919, he was formally placed in charge of the troops at [[Jalianwalla Bagh]], acting under the direction of [[Reginald Dyer]].<ref name=Perkins.191/><ref name=Wagner.247>Wagner, p. 247</ref><ref name=Collett.259>Collett, p. 259</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book |last1=Collett |first1=Nigel|author-link=Nigel Collett |title=The Butcher of Amritsar: General Reginald Dyer |date=2007 |publisher=A&C Black |isbn=1-85285-575-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XuQC5pgzCw4C|language=en}}
*{{cite book |last1=Perkins |first1=Roger |title=The Amritsar Legacy: Golden Temple to Caxton Hall, the Story of a Killing |date=1989 |publisher=Picton |isbn=978-0-948251-44-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CiduAAAAMAAJ|language=en}}
*{{cite book |last1=Wagner |first1=Kim A.|author-link=Kim A. Wagner |title=Amritsar 1919: An empire of fear & the making of a massacre |date=2019 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-24546-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bziIDwAAQBAJ|language=en}}
*{{cite book |title=Report of the Committee Appointed in the Government of India to Investigate the Disturbances in the Punjab, Etc (Hunter Inquiry) |date=1920 |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5cE1AQAAMAAJ|language=en}}

{{UK-bio-stub}}

[[Category:1894 births]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:British military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Jallianwala Bagh massacre]]
[[Category:Alumni of Downing College, Cambridge]]

Gerald Philip Crampton - Revision history

FaustinoRicks4: started new pg - done