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	\|name=Sir George John Younghusband		\|name=Sir George John Younghusband

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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox military person
|name=Sir George John Younghusband
|honorific_suffix={{Post-nominals|KCMG|KCIE|CB|country=GBR}}
|birth_date=9 July 1859
|death_date={{death-date and age|30 September 1944|9 July 1859}}
|birth_place=[[Dharmasala]], India
|death_place=[[Crickhowell]], Wales
|placeofburial=
|image=George John Younghusband.png
|caption=
|alt=
|nickname=
|allegiance={{flag|British Empire}}
|branch=[[File:Flag of the British Army.svg|23px]] [[British Indian Army]]
|serviceyears=1878–1917
|rank=[[Major-General]]
|commands=Queen Victoria's Own Corps of Guides 3rd Battalion [[Imperial Yeomanry]] 26th (Younghusband's Horse) Battalion Imperial Yeomanry [[Fyzabad Brigade]] [[Derajat Brigade]] [[Aden Brigade]] [[28th Indian Brigade]] [[7th (Meerut) Division]]
|battles=[[Second Afghan War]] 1879–1880 [[Mahdist War]] 1885 [[North West Frontier (military history)|North West Frontier]] 1886 [[Third Burmese War]] 1886–1887 [[Chitral Expedition|Chitral Relief Force]] 1895 [[Spanish–American War]] 1898 [[Second Boer War]] 1899–1902 [[Mohmand expedition of 1908]] [[First World War]] 1914–1917
|unit=[[17th Foot]] [[Queen Victoria's Own Corps of Guides (Frontier Force)|Queen Victoria's Own Corps of Guides]]
|awards=
|relations=[[John William Younghusband|John Younghusband]] (father) [[Francis Younghusband]] (brother) [[Charles Younghusband]] (uncle) [[George Edward Younghusband|George Younghusband]] (son) [[Eileen Younghusband (British social worker)|Eileen Younghusband]] (niece)
|laterwork=[[Master of the Jewel Office|Keeper of the Jewel House]] Author
}}

[[Major general (United Kingdom)|Major General]] '''Sir George John Younghusband''', {{Post-nominals|sep=,|size=100%|KCMG|KCIE|CB|country=GBR}} (9 July 1859 – 30 September 1944) was a [[cavalry]] officer and [[major-general]] in the [[British Indian Army]].

Younghusband was commissioned into the [[17th Foot]] in 1878. He later transferred to the British Indian Army's [[Queen Victoria's Own Corps of Guides (Frontier Force)|Guides Cavalry]] and served in several conflicts, including the [[Second Afghan War]], the [[Mahdist War]], the [[Third Burmese War]], the [[Second Boer War]] and finally in the [[First World War]]. Due to wounds received on the battlefield, he was forced to retire from the army in 1917.

In his later life he became a noted author of several books, and the [[Master of the Jewel Office|Keeper of the Jewel House]] at the [[Tower of London]], until his death on 30 September 1944, at [[Crickhowell]] in Wales.

==Early life==
George John Younghusband was born on 9 July 1859, at [[Dharamshala]] in India, the eldest son of [[Major-General]] [[John William Younghusband]] and Clara Jane Shaw, and the elder brother of [[Francis Younghusband]]. He was educated at [[Clifton College]] and the [[Royal Military College Sandhurst]]. In May 1878, after graduating as the Queen's (India) Cadet, he was commissioned, as a [[second-lieutenant]], into the [[17th Foot]], on probation for the India Staff Corps.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=30 May 1878|issue=24577|page=2775}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|accessdate=23 December 2013|publisher=Journeys to Keng Tung|title=G. J. Younghusband|url=http://journeystokengtung.com/travelers/g-j-younghusband/}}</ref> He fought in the [[Second Afghan War]] and was promoted to [[Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines)|lieutenant]] on 15 March 1880, before transferring to the India Staff Corps, in October 1883.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=30 October 1883|issue=25283|page=5148}}</ref><ref name=kcl>{{cite web|accessdate=23 December 2013|publisher=King's College London|title=George Younghusband|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/YOUNGHUSBAND1.shtml}}</ref>

==Indian Army==
After joining the Indian Army he was involved in several conflicts in a short period of time. The 1885 [[Mahdist War]], operations on the [[North West Frontier (military history)|North West Frontier]] in 1886, and in the [[Third Burmese War]].<ref name=kcl/> His next promotion came on 1 May 1889, when he was promoted to [[captain (BARM)|captain]].<ref>{{London Gazette|date=19 July 1889|issue=25955|page=3896}}</ref> Six years later, in 1895, he was [[mentioned in dispatches]], while serving as the [[Brigade Major]] for the 4th Brigade, part of the [[Chitral Expedition|Chitral Relief Force]].<ref name=kcl/><ref>{{London Gazette|date=15 November 1895|issue=26680|page=6177}}</ref> He was further recognized by promotion to [[brevet (military)|brevet]] [[Major (British Army and Royal Marines)|major]] in January 1896.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=21 January 1896|issue=26701|page=358}}</ref> The following year, he was on 22 January 1897 appointed to a staff position as [[assistant adjutant-general|deputy assistant adjutant-general]] in [[Sirhind]], under the [[Punjab Army|Punjab Command]].<ref>Hart′s Army list, 1901</ref> In 1898 he was appointed as a military observer during the [[Spanish–American War]] in the [[Philippines]],<ref name=kcl /> and in May that year promoted to substantive major.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=15 July 1898|issue=26987|page=4275}}</ref>

==Command==
[[File:Memorial to George Younghusband, St Aidan's Church, Bamburgh.jpg|thumb|330px|Memorial to George Younghusband, St Aidan's Church, Bamburgh]]
Younghusband's first command came during the [[Second Boer War]], when he was promoted to temporary [[lieutenant-colonel]] and [[commanding officer]] of the 3rd Battalion, [[Imperial Yeomanry]], on 20 January 1900.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=26 January 1900|issue=27157|page=515}}</ref> The battalion comprised the [[9th (Yorkshire (Doncaster)) Company, Imperial Yeomanry|9th (Yorkshire (Doncaster))]], [[10th (Sherwood Rangers) Company, Imperial Yeomanry|10th (Sherwood Rangers)]], [[11th (Yorkshire Dragoons) Company, Imperial Yeomanry|11th (Yorkshire Dragoons)]] and [[12th (South Nottinghamshire) Company, Imperial Yeomanry|12th (South Nottinghamshire Hussars) Companies]], all recruited by [[Yeomanry]] regiments in Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire.<ref name = Roll>[http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Regiments/ImperialYeomanryCompaniesBoerBn.html IY Companies at Roll of Honour.]</ref> He left [[Liverpool]] with the battalion on board [[SS Winifredian (1899)|SS ''Winifredian'']] in late January 1900,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=The War - The Imperial Yeomanry|date=30 January 1900 |page=5 |issue=36052}}</ref> arriving in [[South Africa]] the following month. While commanding the battalion he was [[mentioned in dispatches]] in 1901.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=16 April 1901|issue=27305|page=2604}}</ref> The same year he received a [[Brevet (military)|brevet]] promotion to lieutenant-colonel and was appointed a Companion of the [[Order of the Bath]] (CB).<ref>{{London Gazette|date=19 April 1901|issue=27306|page=2704}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|date=1 October 1901|city=e|issue=11343|page=1094}}</ref>

Younghusband left the 3rd to command the 26th (Younghusband's Horse) Battalion, Imperial Yeomanry, in December 1901.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=21 January 1902|issue=27399|page=452}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27434|page=3252|date=16 May 1902}}</ref> This battalion comprised the newly-raised 119th–122nd Companies.<ref name = Roll/> He was again mentioned in dispatches in June the following year.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=17 June 1902|issue=27443|page=3974}}</ref> He was wounded, and in late May 1902 left South Africa on the ''[[SS Roslin Castle]]'' which arrived at [[Southampton]] the following month.<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=The Army in South Africa - Return of Troops|date=19 June 1902 |page=8 |issue=36798}}</ref> He relinquished the command of the 26th battalion on 30 August 1902.<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=27476 |page=6079 |date=23 September 1902}}</ref>

After that war he was promoted to [[colonel]] in April 1905.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=7 April 1905|issue=27782|page=2638}}</ref> He was then involved in the [[Mohmand expedition of 1908]].<ref name=kcl/> Then in February 1909, was promoted to temporary [[brigadier-general]] while serving on the General Staff.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=27 April 1909|issue=28245|page=320}}</ref> In 1909, he became commander of the [[Fyzabad Brigade]], part of the [[8th (Lucknow) Division]], and the [[Derajat Brigade]] from 1911. The same year he was promoted to [[major-general]].<ref>{{London Gazette|date=25 July 1911|issue=28516|page=5551}}</ref> He was still in command, when appointed a Knight Commander of the [[Order of St Michael and St George]] (KCMG) in 1913.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=3 January 1913|issue=12526|page=3}}</ref>

In the [[First World War]], Younghusband was given command of the [[28th Indian Brigade]], part of the [[10th Indian Division]]. They were initially deployed to defend the [[Suez Canal]]. Until 1916, when the brigade was sent to take part in the [[South Arabia during World War I|defence of Aden]]. It then moved to [[Basra]] to participate in the [[Mesopotamia Campaign]]. During the subsequent operation Younghusband was again mentioned in dispatches.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=20 June 1916|issue=29632|supp=y|page=6174}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|date=9 May 1916|issue=29576|supp=y|page=4660}}</ref> His last command position was in 1916, as commander of the [[7th (Meerut) Division]], still in Mesopotamia, but he was forced to relinquish that position due to wounds received.<ref name=kcl />

==Family and later life==
In March 1917, King [[George V]] appointed Younghusband as the [[Keeper of the Jewel House]] at the [[Tower of London]].<ref>{{London Gazette|date=24 March 1917|issue=13073|page=669|city=e}}</ref> Then in April 1919, the King approved his retirement from the army.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=11 May 1920|issue=31894|page=5367}}</ref> He was not entirely finished with the army however and in January 1928, he was appointed the Regimental Colonel of the [[10th Queen Victoria's Own Corps of Guides Cavalry (Frontier Force)]] and of the 5th Battalion, (Queen Victoria's Own Corps of Guides) [[12th Frontier Force Regiment]].<ref>{{London Gazette|date=13 January 1928|issue=33347|page=299}}</ref>

His son [[Brigadier]] [[George Edward Younghusband]], of the [[3rd The King's Own Hussars]], served with the [[2nd Armoured Division (United Kingdom)|2nd Armoured Division]] during the [[Second World War]].<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=22 December 2013|publisher=King's College London|title=LHCMA Collections|url=http://www.kingscollections.org/catalogues/lhcma/collection/c/cr20-001}}</ref>

George John Younghusband died on 30 September 1944, aged eighty-five, at [[Crickhowell]] in Wales.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=23 December 2013|publisher=The Royal Leicestershire Regiment|title=Have you a tiger in your family?|url=http://www.royalleicestershireregiment.org.uk/have-you-a-tiger/record/65877/}}</ref>

==Notable works==
* ''The Crown Jewels of England'' (1919)
* ''Eighteen Hundred Miles on a Burmese Pony''
* ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/Forty_Years_a_Soldier_by_Major_general_S.html?id=2hNrXwAACAAJ&redir_esc=y Forty Years a Soldier]'' (1923)
* ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/Indian_Frontier_Warfare_by_Captain_and_B.html?id=AZJWygAACAAJ&redir_esc=y Indian Frontier Warfare]'' (1898)
* ''The Jewel House'' (1920)
* ''A Short History of the Tower of London'' (1926)
* ''The Philippines and Round About, with some Account of British Interests in these Waters''
* ''Polo in India''
* ''The Queen's Commission''
* ''[http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/47611 The Relief of Chitral]'' (1895)
* ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Soldier_s_Memories_in_Peace_and_War_by.html?id=3rh2XwAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Soldier's Memories in Peace and War]'' (1917)
* ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Story_of_the_Guides_by_Col_G_J_Young.html?id=d9tlXwAACAAJ&redir_esc=y The Story of the Guides]'' (1908)
* ''The Tower from Within'' (1918)
* ''Exploits of Asaf Khan'' (introduction)

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Clear}}

==External links==
* {{Gutenberg author | id=Younghusband,+G.+J.+(George+John) }}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=George John Younghusband}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Younghusband George}}
[[Category:1859 births]]
[[Category:1944 deaths]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Star of India]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]]
[[Category:Royal Leicestershire Regiment officers]]
[[Category:British Indian Army officers]]
[[Category:Indian Army cavalry generals of World War I]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Second Anglo-Afghan War]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Mahdist War]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Second Boer War]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Chitral Expedition]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Malakand Frontier War]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Third Anglo-Burmese War]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Masters of the Jewel Office]]
[[Category:Younghusband family|George]]
[[Category:Military personnel of British India]]

George Younghusband - Revision history

KristiBruno654: minor edit

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