Dhaneesh Ram at 10:19, 9 December 2022

2022-12-09T10:19:59Z

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	File:RAINY MOMENT @ rear side of CHINNATHIRUPATHY - panoramio (7).jpg\|Rainy view in [[Salem, Tamil Nadu\|Salem]]		File:RAINY MOMENT @ rear side of CHINNATHIRUPATHY - panoramio (7).jpg\|Rainy view in [[Salem, Tamil Nadu\|Salem]]
	</gallery>		</gallery>

			== References ==
			{{Reflist}}


			[[Category:Salem, Tamil Nadu]]
			[[Category:Geography of Tamil Nadu by city\|Salem]]

Dhaneesh Ram at 10:19, 9 December 2022

2022-12-09T10:19:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:49, 9 December 2022
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	[[File:Salem city from Hills.jpg\|thumb\|right]]		[[File:Salem city from Hills.jpg\|thumb\|right]]

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Created page with " {{Article for deletion/dated|page=Geography of Salem, Tamil Nadu|timestamp=20211208144301|year=2021|month=December|day=8|substed=yes|help=off}}   File:Salem ci..."

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{{Article for deletion/dated|page=Geography of Salem, Tamil Nadu|timestamp=20211208144301|year=2021|month=December|day=8|substed=yes|help=off}}


[[File:Salem city from Hills.jpg|thumb|right]]

[[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]] is located at 11.67°N 78.14°E, at an average elevation of 278 m (912 ft.). The city is surrounded by hills: Nagaramalai on the north, Jarugumalai on the south, [[Kanjamalai]] on the west, [[Godumalai]] on the east and the [[Shevaroy Hills]] on the northeast. Kariyaperumal Hill is in southwestern Salem. The [[Thirumanimutharu River]] flows through the city, dividing it in two. The fort area is the oldest part of Salem.

== Geology ==
Salem lies in the foothills of [[Shevaroy Hills|Shevaroy hills]] which houses the famous hill Station '[[Yercaud]]'.and the entire city is surrounded by hills and mountain , Salem is rich in steel and magnesite.

[[File:Ghat road-3-yercaud-salem-India.jpg|thumb|right]]

== Climate ==
Salem has a [[tropical savanna climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Aw''). January and February are generally pleasant; the hot summer begins in March, with the year's highest temperatures during April. Pre-monsoon thunderstorms occur during April and May. The Southwest monsoon season lasts from June to September. The [[Monsoon#Northeast monsoon|northeast monsoon]] occurs from October to December.<ref>{{cite web|title=DISTRICT GROUNDWATER BROCHURE SALEM DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU|url=http://www.cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Salem.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403092016/http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Salem.pdf|archive-date=3 April 2018|access-date=February 5, 2018|publisher=Central Ground Water Board|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ground Water Augmentation Of Kannankuruchi Lake, Salem, TamilNadu Using GIS|url=http://www.tnenvis.nic.in/WriteReadData/UserFiles/file/9_SALEM_RAINFALL.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184519/http://www.tnenvis.nic.in/WriteReadData/UserFiles/file/9_SALEM_RAINFALL.pdf|archive-date=5 February 2018|access-date=February 5, 2018|publisher=International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)|df=dmy-all}}</ref>{{Weather box
| location = Salem, Tamil Nadu (1981–2010, extremes 1901–2012)
| Jun rain mm = 72.4
| Feb rain days = 0.3
| Jan rain days = 0.3
| year rain mm = 1018.5
| Dec rain mm = 35.0
| Nov rain mm = 110.2
| Oct rain mm = 185.5
| Sep rain mm = 176.5
| Aug rain mm = 140.6
| Jul rain mm = 108.0
| May rain mm = 109.7
| Apr rain days = 3.2
| Apr rain mm = 55.5
| Mar rain mm = 17.3
| Feb rain mm = 3.4
| Jan rain mm = 4.4
| rain colour = green
| year record low C = 11.1
| Dec record low C = 12.8
| Nov record low C = 12.8
| Oct record low C = 15.5
| Mar rain days = 0.8
| May rain days = 6.3
| Aug record low C = 18.1
| Apr humidity = 40
| year humidity = 52
| Dec humidity = 56
| Nov humidity = 66
| Oct humidity = 69
| Sep humidity = 61
| Aug humidity = 58
| Jul humidity = 57
| Jun humidity = 55
| May humidity = 49
| Mar humidity = 33
| Jun rain days = 4.8
| Feb humidity = 36
| Jan humidity = 45
| time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| year rain days = 57.6
| Dec rain days = 2.6
| Nov rain days = 6.4
| Oct rain days = 9.9
| Sep rain days = 8.6
| Aug rain days = 8.1
| Jul rain days = 6.3
| Sep record low C = 18.5
| Jul record low C = 18.9
| metric first = Yes
| Oct record high C = 37.9
| Jun high C = 35.0
| May high C = 37.2
| Apr high C = 37.8
| Mar high C = 37.0
| Feb high C = 34.7
| Jan high C = 32.1
| year record high C = 42.8
| Dec record high C = 35.6
| Nov record high C = 35.6
| Sep record high C = 38.9
| Aug high C = 33.4
| Aug record high C = 39.9
| Jul record high C = 40.6
| Jun record high C = 42.8
| May record high C = 42.8
| Apr record high C = 42.8
| Mar record high C = 41.7
| Feb record high C = 39.4
| Jan record high C = 37.2
| width = auto
| single line = Yes
| Jul high C = 34.0
| Sep high C = 33.2
| Jun record low C = 19.3
| Sep low C = 22.8
| May record low C = 18.3
| Apr record low C = 16.5
| Mar record low C = 14.4
| Feb record low C = 11.1
| Jan record low C = 12.8
| year low C = 22.4
| Dec low C = 19.6
| Nov low C = 21.1
| Oct low C = 22.4
| Aug low C = 23.0
| Oct high C = 32.1
| Jul low C = 23.4
| Jun low C = 24.1
| May low C = 25.0
| Apr low C = 25.0
| Mar low C = 22.5
| Feb low C = 20.4
| Jan low C = 19.2
| year high C = 34.0
| Dec high C = 30.7
| Nov high C = 31.0
| source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Salem Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 679–680
| access-date = 29 March 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M203
| access-date = 29 March 2020}}</ref>
}}

== Water sources ==
'''[[Mettur Dam]]''' is the main water resource for [[Salem district|Salem District]] and even for [[Namakkal district|Namakkal]] , [[Erode district|Erode]] , [[Tiruppur district|Tiruppur]] , [[Tiruchirappalli district|Tiruchirappalli]] , [[Nagapattinam district|Nagapattinam]], [[Thanjavur district|Thanjvur]] , [[Mayiladuthurai district|Mayiladuthurai]] districts. Other than Mettur dam small lakes and ponds like [[Kannankurichi|Kannankurichi lake]], [[Mookaneri Lake|Mookaneri lake]] ect,. are the water sources of Salem district.

{{Multiple image
| image1 = Mookeneri(Kannakurichi) Lake.jpg
| caption1 = Mookaneri lake
| image2 = Dam Aerial View.JPG
| caption2 = Mettur dam
| direction = vertical
| total_width =
| alt1 = Mookaneri lake
}}

== Administrations ==

Salem is the headquarters of [[Salem district]]. The town was constituted as a municipality in 1867, and was upgraded to a special-grade municipality in 1979 and to a municipal corporation on 1 April 1994. The Salem municipal corporation has 72 wards,<ref>{{Cite news|date=1 June 2016|title=Salem Corporation to increase number of wards|work=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Salem-Corporation-to-increase-number-of-wards/article14377048.ece|access-date=5 February 2018}}</ref> each with an elected councillor.<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=About the municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/about-corporation.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525235102/https://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/about-corporation.html|archive-date=25 May 2013|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Salem municipal corporation}}</ref> The functions of the municipal corporation are divided into six departments: general administration and personnel, engineering, revenue, public health, city planning and information technology (IT). All six departments are governed by a municipal commissioner.<ref>{{cite web|year=2006|title=Commissioner of Municipal Administration|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/chart5.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106103849/http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/chart5.htm|archive-date=6 November 2012|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Commissionerate of Municipal Administration|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Legislative power is vested in the 60-member council,<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Councillors of municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/councilors.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116121712/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/councilors.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|df=dmy-all}}</ref> headed by an elected chairperson and assisted by a deputy chairperson.<ref>{{cite journal|year=1995|title=Economic and political weekly, Volume 30|publisher=Sameeksha Trust|pages=2396}}</ref>

Law and order is maintained by the Salem city subdivision of the [[Tamil Nadu Police]], headed by a [[Deputy superintendent]]. Special units include prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and a district-level special branch headed by a superintendent of police.<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Salem Police|url=http://www.tnpolice.gov.in/District_Details.php?code=29598|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011140954/http://tnpolice.gov.in/District_Details.php?code=29598|archive-date=11 October 2011|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Tamil Nadu Police|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Salem is a part of the [[Salem North (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem North]], [[Salem West (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem West]] and [[Salem South (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem South]] assembly constituencies delineated in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=New Constituencies, Post-Delimitation 2008|url=http://www.elections.tn.nic.in/forms/int3.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515102633/http://elections.tn.nic.in/forms/int3.pdf|archive-date=15 May 2012|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Tamil Nadu|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The city elects the three members to the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] once every five years.<ref>{{cite web|year=2010|title=List of Assembly Constituencies|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/Const_map/map.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614070155/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/const_map/map.htm|archive-date=14 June 2012|access-date=28 December 2012|work=Tamil Nadu|publisher=Tamil Nadu state government|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Present MLAs are [[R. Mohan Raj]] (Salem North) from [[Desiya Murpokku Dravidar Kazhagam]], [[M. K. Selvaraju]] (Salem West) and [[G. Venkatachalam]] (Salem South) from [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]].

Until 2008, the city was part of the [[Salem – I (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem I]] and [[Salem – II (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem II]] assembly constituencies. Since 1977, the ADMK party won the Salem I assembly seat five times (1977, 1980, 1984, 2001 and 2006); [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] won twice (1989 and 1996), and the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) won in 1991.<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Partywise Comparison Since 1977|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp88.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512232527/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp88.htm|archive-date=12 May 2014|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Since 1977, the ADMK won the Salem II assembly seat three times (1980, 1984 and 1991) and the DMK also won three times (1989, 1996 and 2006); the [[Janata Party]] (JP) won in 1977 and [[Pattali Makkal Katchi]] (PMK) won in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Partywise Comparison Since 1977|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp89.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512232540/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp89.htm|archive-date=12 May 2014|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

The city is part of the [[Salem (Lok Sabha constituency)|Salem]] [[Lok Sabha]] constituency consisting of six [[Electoral district|assembly constituencies]]: [[Omalur (State Assembly Constituency)|Omalur]], [[Salem North (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem North]], [[Salem South (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem South]], [[Salem West (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem West]], [[Veerapandi (State Assembly Constituency)|Veerapandi]] and [[Edappadi (State Assembly Constituency)|Edappadi]].<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies|url=http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060504185928/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf|archive-date=4 May 2006|access-date=9 October 2008|publisher=Election Commission of India|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Since 1952, the Salem parliament seat was held by the Indian National Congress eight times (1952, 1957, 1962, 1984, 1989, 1991 and 2004), by the ADMK four times (1977, 1991, 2009 and 2014), by DMK three times (1967, 1971 and 1980), and once each by an independent (1998) and the [[Tamil Maanila Congress]] (1996).<ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1957 to the Second Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1957/Vol_I_57_LS.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010220539/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1957/Vol_I_57_LS.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=17|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1962 to the Third Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009143136/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=49|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1967 to the Fourth Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011003936/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=67|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1971 to the Fifth Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS_71.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009211004/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS_71.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=71|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1977 to the Sixth Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009193317/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=80|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1980 to the Seventh Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718175926/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf|archive-date=18 July 2014|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=79|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1984 to the Eighth Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010172057/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=73|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1989 to the Ninth Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011052618/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=81|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1991 to the Tenth Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1991/VOL_I_LS_91.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011125200/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1991/VOL_I_LS_91.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=51|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1996 to the Eleventh Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1996/Vol_I_LS_96.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183504/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1996/Vol_I_LS_96.pdf|archive-date=18 July 2014|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=86|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011114340/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=85|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009232255/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=85|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Key highlights of the general elections 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010203826/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2010|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=94|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The current Member of Parliament from the constituency is S. R. Parthiban from the DMK.

== Gallery ==

<gallery mode="packed" heights="170" widths="250">
File:Salem city from Hills.jpg|[[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]] City view
File:Ghat road-3-yercaud-salem-India.jpg|Ghat road of [[Yercaud]]
File:Mookeneri(Kannakurichi) Lake.jpg|[[Mookaneri Lake]]
File:RAINY MOMENT @ rear side of CHINNATHIRUPATHY - panoramio (7).jpg|Rainy view in [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]]
</gallery>

Geography of Salem - Revision history

Dhaneesh Ram at 10:19, 9 December 2022

Dhaneesh Ram at 10:19, 9 December 2022

Dhaneesh Ram: Created page with " {{Article for deletion/dated|page=Geography of Salem, Tamil Nadu|timestamp=20211208144301|year=2021|month=December|day=8|substed=yes|help=off}} File:Salem ci..."