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	~~{{Settlements in Belgaum district}}~~

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Gavali, Belgaum district, Karnataka, India}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Gavali, Belgaum district, Karnataka, India}}
	[[Category:Villages in Belgaum district]]		[[Category:Villages in Belgaum district]]

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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{About|Gavali village in Belgaum district of Karnataka|Gavali caste|Gavli}}
{{distinguish|Gavali, Udupi}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gavali
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = Gawali
| nickname =
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = 
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Belgaum district|Belgaum]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Panchayati raj (India)|Panchayat raj]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 373 (94 households)
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Belgaum]]
| website =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KA]]
| footnotes =
}}
[[File:India Karnataka Belgaum district.svg|thumb|240px|[[Belgaum district]], [[Karnataka]] state in [[India]]]]
'''Gavali''' (also Gawali) is a small village located in the [[Belgaum district]], [[Karnataka]] state in [[India]], southwest of the city of [[Belgaum]]. The village is surrounded by forests, waterways and falls, which are subject to [[illegal mining]], removal of medicinal plants and [[deforestation]].

A proposed [[Mandovi River]] (Mahadayi River) water diversion and hydroelectric power plant project would result in the submersion of some or all of Gavali.

==Geography==
Sitting on a large plateau, the village is about {{convert|810|m|ft}} above sea level, surrounded by forests of the [[Western Ghats]], one of the 18 global [[biodiversity hotspots|ecological hotspots]], known for its dense forests, [[Phytotherapy|medicinal plants and trees]], [[agriculture|agricultural]] lands and [[mining]] resources that are at risk due to illegal mining, smuggling of medicinal plants and trees and deforestation. Over 500 acres of farm land was bought from Gavali village farmers by one person.<ref name=Kasbekar>Kasbekar, Durgesh; Mhaskar, Major; Madhav, Vishweshwar; Dongre, Vrushal. [http://bhimgad.tripod.com/index2.html Bhimgad a forest worth saving.] Bhimgad site. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref><ref>The Hindu Staff Correspondent [https://web.archive.org/web/20080621051111/http://www.hindu.com/2007/01/20/stories/2007012007090300.htm Rich ecology of Western Ghats is being neglected.] ''The Hindu'', Online edition of India's National Newspaper. 20 January 2007. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref>

Gavali village is one of the identified [[Agumbe#Medicinal plants conservation area|Medicinal Plants Conservation Areas]] requiring [[Restoration ecology|eco-restoration]].<ref>Sri Anant Hegde Ashisar, Chairman. [http://karnatakaforest.gov.in/English/aboutus/WGTF_Recomm.pdf Major Interim Recommendations of Western GHats Task Force] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331223606/http://karnatakaforest.gov.in/English/aboutus/WGTF_Recomm.pdf |date=31 March 2012 }} Western Ghats Task Force Dept. of Forest & Environment. Government of Karnataka. 28 September 2010. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref>

Between the village of Gavali and [[Chapoli]], the [[Mandovi River]] that flows to the beautiful {{convert|200|m|ft}} [[Vajrapoha Falls]] (also Vajrapoya waterfalls),<ref>Kerkar, Rajendra P. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110904231050/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-04-30/goa/28048351_1_western-ghats-mhadei-waterfall Vajrapoya, a gorgeous waterfall in the Western ghats.] The Times of India. Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. 30 April 2009. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref> best seen after the monsoon season (June–October).<ref name=THGH>[http://www.earthfoot.org/p2/in016.htm The Hermitage Guest House in the Western Ghats] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105224903/http://www.earthfoot.org/p2/in016.htm |date=5 November 2011 }} The Hermitage Guest House. Retrieved 2011-11-12.</ref> The falls are about 1.5 hours southwest of the city of [[Belgaum]].<ref>[https://maps.google.com Directions from Belgaum, Karnataka, India to Vajrapoha Water Falls, Karnataka, India] Google maps. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref>

The Mandovi River (also called the Mahadayi River) is fed by streams near the villages of Gavali, [[Hemmadaga]], [[Jamboti]], [[Kankumbi]], and [[Talawade, Belgaum|Talawade]] villages. Lying in the mountainous [[Western Ghats]] (also called Sahyadris), the region may receive up to {{convert|3800|to|5700|mm|in}} of rainfall per year. During the summer months (March–May) the stream and river water levels can become low, resulting in water shortages.<ref name=THGH/><ref>[http://www.tour-karnataka.com/mountains/ Mondovi/Mahadayi River, Karnataka.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111104053903/http://www.tour-karnataka.com/mountains/ |date=4 November 2011 }} Tour Karnataka. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref> The Gavali village temple area is thought by some to be the birthplace of the Mandovi river.<ref name=Kasbekar/><ref>Pai, Mohan. [http://mohan-pai.blogspot.com/2008/08/mahadayimandovi-river-valley-part-iv.html Mahadayi/Mandovi River Valley - Part IV.] Mahadayi/Mandovi River Valley. 5 August 2008. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref>

===Proposed Mandovi River Dam project===
A proposed Mandovi River (also Mahadayi River) [[Interbasin transfer|water diversion]] and [[Hydroelectricity|hydroelectric power]] project would result in submersion of 1,000 acres of agricultural land and 4,300 acres of forest. Some or all of Gavali would be submerged with other neighbouring towns. Under the project,
* the main Kotni dam would divert water above [[Khanapur]] and produce power
* five additional dams would be built to produce hydroelectric power
* six more dams would be built to divert water to the [[Malaprabha River]].<ref>Pai, Mohan. [http://mohanpai.sulekha.com/blog/post/2009/01/mahadayi-mandovi-river-valley-part-iI.htm Threats to the Valley] Mahadayi/Mandovi River Valley - Part II. Mahadayi/Mandovi River Valley. 12 January 2009. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref><ref>Pai, Mohan. [http://www.veabgoa.org/VEAB/images/File/Mahadayi%20Article%20III.pdf Extracts from upcoming "Mahadayi/Mandovi River Valley" book.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402224036/http://www.veabgoa.org/VEAB/images/File/Mahadayi%20Article%20III.pdf |date=2012-04-02 }} Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref>

The governmental plan, on hold for various reasons, to build the Kotni dam has been recently revived. While [[geologist]]s determine whether the area can support a dam, Paryavarni, an [[Environmental movement|environmental]] group, and the [[Goa]] government seek to stop the dam from being built and protect the regions delicate environment.<ref>Bijapur, Naushad. [http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/cities/bengaluru/greens-oppose-dam-ghats-768 Greens oppose dam in Ghats.] [[Deccan Chronicle]]. 28 May 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref>

==Languages==
Languages spoken in the area are [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Kannada language|Kannada]] and in towns [[English language|English]] is commonly spoken.<ref name=THGH/>

==Education==
Baburao Thakur, a [[Gaud Saraswat Brahmins|Gaud Saraswat Brahmin]] (GSB), was a noted journalist, freedom fighter and social worker who led the establishment of the Belgaum Jilha Prathamik Shikshan Samiti on 1 October 1937. The Samiti established its second primary school in the remote village of Gavali and 206 schools were established and managed by the Samiti by 1939. Although the teachers faced housing issues, poor sanitation, inadequate water supply and low wages, the schools became a model for the Government of [[Mumbai|Bombay (now Mumbai)]]. In the course of the work in the remote communities, the Samiti developed adult education courses, built roads, advised on agricultural issues and developed programs for sanitation — all of which raised the local [[Standard of living in India|standard of living]].<ref>[http://bjpssmttibgm.org/about-society.html Founder Members of Belgaum Jilha Prathamik Shikshan Samiti, Belgaum] Belgaum Jilha Prathamik Shikshan Samiti: Marathi Teachers Training Institute. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref>

==Prehistoric rock art==
Rock engravings are found at [[Gavali, Udupi]] made during the megalithic period of a side view of a humped bull.<ref>[http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/Library.nsf/(docid)/1A464B2F1D6A808065257192001DE82A?OpenDocument&StartKey=Making&Count=100 Making history : Karnataka's people and their past, vol. 1] Volume 1: Stone Age to Mercantilism (40,000 BP-240 BC). CSCS. Retrieved 2011-11-11.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.geolysis.com/plgmap.php?p=538000797&k=199674484 Map of Gavali and Belgaum District area.]
* [http://Belgaum.nic.in/ Belgaum district site]
* [http://mohan-pai.blogspot.com/2008/08/mahadayimandovi-river-valley-part-iv.html The Mahaday (Mandovi) River in Karnataka], lovely area photos, including the Gavali temple and Vajrapoha Falls.

{{coord missing|Karnataka}}

{{Settlements in Belgaum district}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gavali, Belgaum district, Karnataka, India}}
[[Category:Villages in Belgaum district]]

Gavali, Karnataka - Revision history

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