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{{Infobox country<br />
| common_name = Garha Kingdom Of Gondwana<br />
| conventional_long_name = Garha Kingdom of Gondwana<br />
| government_type = Monarchy<br />
| year_start = unknown<br />
| year_end = 18th century<br />
| capital = [[Jabalpur|Garha]]<br/>[[Singorgarh fort|Singhorgarh]]<br/>[[Narsinghpur|Chouragarh]]<br/>[[Mandla|Ramnagar]]<br/>[[Mandla]]<br />
| religion = [[Hinduism]]<br />
| common_languages = [[Sanskrit]]<br/>[[Gondi language|Gondwani]]<br />
| today = {{IND}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Garha Kingdom''', also called '''Garha Mandla''' or '''Garha Katanga''' was northern part of [[Gondwana Kingdom|Gondwana]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
The first Gond king of '''Garha-Mandla''' was Jadurai. He became king after disposing [[Kalachuri]] [[Rajput]] of Garha-Mandla, where earlier he worked in court.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/the-gond-kingdoms-46701|title=The Gond kingdoms|website=downtoearth}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Garha-Mandla kingdom was earlier a small territory which witnessed rapid expansion under the rule of [[Sangram Shah]], the 48th king, He captured territories like Narmada Valley, Bhopal, Sagar, Damoh and most of the Satpura hills. However the '''Garha-Mandla''' kings' rule ended when [[Asaf Khan I]], the Mughal Viceroy, invaded the kingdom in 1564. The Gond Queen [[Rani Durgavati]] is said to have fought bravely against King [[Akbar]] to save her kingdom; The Mughals acquired immense booty, including thousands of elephants from this victory. At the beginning of the year 1742 the Peshwas invaded Mandla and extracted chauth (tribute) from the region. Finally, with the end of Rajgond dynasty, '''Garha-Mandla''' was annexed to the Maratha government in the year 1781.<br />
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The greatest ruler was [[Sangram Shah]]. He was 48th ruler of Garha Kingdom who had conquered 52 forts called Garh to strengthen and spread the Gond Empire. The Chouragrh Fort in [[Narsinghpur]] was built on the honour of conquering 52 forts. Sangram Shah is best known as a patron of arts and literature and he had great knowledge of [[Sanskrit]]. ''Rasratnamala'' was written by Sangram Shah. At the time of Sangram Shah the capital of Garha kingdom was [[Singorgarh fort|Singhorgarh]].<br />
<br />
His son [[Dalpat Shah]] was married to [[Rani Durgawati]]<ref>[https://www.livehistoryindia.com/snapshort-histories/2017/07/17/rani-durgavati-the-warrior-queen-of-the-gonds.html "Rani Durgavati: The Warrior Queen of the Gonds"]</ref> who was a [[Chandelas|Chandel]] princess. Rani Durgavati moved her capital to Chouragarh because it was safer than Singhorgarh. Rani Durgawati is the known for the bravery and sacrifice for her country. She battled against Mughal Empire of [[Akbar]] lead by Asaf Khan in 1564.<br />
<br />
[[Hridayshah]] was a great music lover and patron. He was the 54th ruler of the Garha Kingdom. He gave his contributions for music. ''Hriday koutuk'' and ''Hriday prakash'' were written by him. He moved his capital from Chouragarh to Ramnagar of [[Mandla]] district.<br />
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[[Shankar Shah]] and Raghunath Shah were freedom fighters who revolted against the British in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].<br />
<br />
==Administration==<br />
<br />
Administration of Gondwana was becoming centralised. The kingdom was divided into ''garh'', each ''garh'' was controlled by particular [[Gondi people|Gond]] clan. This was further divided into units of 84 villages called ''chourasi''. The ''chourasi'' was further subdivided into ''barhots'' which are made up of 12 villages each.<br />
<br />
==52 Garh of Gondwana==<br />
<br />
{{columns-list|colwidth=20em<br />
|# [[Jabalpur|Garha]]<br />
# [[Singorgarh fort|Singhorgarh]]<br />
# [[Kurwai]]<br />
# [[Rahatgarh]]<br />
# Ginnorgarh<br />
# [[Bhopal]] <br />
# [[Makrai State|Makrai]]<br />
# Madogarh( Mandla)<br />
# Amoda(jabalpur)<br />
# Patangarh( Jabalpur)<br />
# [[Chaurai Khas|Chourai]]<br />
# [[Bargi Dam|Bargi]]<br />
# [[Ghansor|Ghansour]]<br />
# Karvagarh( seoni)<br />
# [[Chaiturgarh Lafagarh korba ]]<br />
# [[Raigarh]]<br />
# Tipagarh(Balaghat)<br />
# Kanoja(Jabalpur)<br />
# Pachelgarh(Jabalpur)<br />
# Bagmar(Mandla)<br />
# Dongartal(Nagpur)<br />
# Jhanjhangarh(Jabalpur)<br />
# Santagarh<br />
# Diyagarh(Jabalpur)<br />
# Bankagarh<br />
# Amargarh(Dindori)<br />
# Devhar(Dindori)<br />
# Nimuagarh(Narsinghpur)<br />
# Bhanwargarh(Narsinghpur)<br />
# [[Pawai]]-karhi<br />
# Shahnagar<br />
# [[Dhamoni]]<br />
# [[Hatta, Madhya Pradesh|Hatta]]<br />
# Madiyado<br />
# [[Garhakota]]<br />
# [[Shahgarh]]<br />
# Garhpahra(sagar)<br />
# [[Damoh]]<br />
# [[Rehli]]<br />
# Itwa(sagar)<br />
# [[Khimlasa]]<br />
# [[Badi, Raisen|Badi]]<br />
# Chowkigarh(Hoshangabad)<br />
# Karubag(Raisen)<br />
# [[Raisen]]<br />
# Bhanwaraso<br />
# Opadgarh(Bhopal)<br />
# Punagarh(Narsinghpur)<br />
# [[Deori, Sagar|Deori]]<br />
# Gourjhamar<br />
# Partabgarh(Bilaspur)<br />
# Fatehpur(Hoshangabad)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Ancient empires and kingdoms of India]]</div>2405:204:3484:A304:F54B:8DBA:1D0B:72A2