Garba (dance) - Revision history

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	'''Garba''' is a form of [[dance]] which originates from the state of [[Gujarat]] in India. The name is derived from the [[Sanskrit]] term ''Garbha'' ("womb") and ''Deep'' ("a small [[earthenware]] lamp"). Many traditional garbas are performed around centrally lit lamp or a [[picture]] or statue of the Goddess Shakti. Traditionally, it is performed during the nine-day [[Hindu]] [[festival]] [[Navratri\|Navarātrī]] ([[Gujarati language\|Gujarati]] નવરાત્રી Nava = 9, ratri = nights). Either the lamp (the " garbha Deep'') or an image of the Goddess, [[Durga]] (also called ''Amba'') is placed in middle of concentric rings as an object of veneration.		'''Garba''' is a form of [[dance]] which originates from the state of [[Gujarat]] in India. The name is derived from the [[Sanskrit]] term ''Garbha'' ("womb") and ''Deep'' ("a small [[earthenware]] lamp"). Many traditional garbas are performed around a centrally lit lamp or a [[picture]] or statue of the Goddess Shakti. Traditionally, it is performed during the nine-day [[Hindu]] [[festival]] [[Navratri\|Navarātrī]] ([[Gujarati language\|Gujarati]] નવરાત્રી Nava = 9, ratri = nights). Either the lamp (the " garbha Deep'') or an image of the Goddess, [[Durga]] (also called ''Amba'') is placed in middle of concentric rings as an object of veneration.

	==Etymology==		==Etymology==
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	Garba is performed in a circle as a symbol of the [[Hindu]] view of time. The rings of dancers revolve in cycles, as time in [[Hinduism]] is cyclical. As the cycle of time revolves, from birth, to life, to death and again to rebirth, the only thing that is constant is the Goddess, that one unmoving symbol in the midst of all of this unending and infinite movement. The dance symbolizes that God, represented in feminine form in this case, is the only thing that remains unchanging in a constantly changing universe (''jagat'').		Garba is performed in a circle as a symbol of the [[Hindu]] view of time. The rings of dancers revolve in cycles, as time in [[Hinduism]] is cyclical. As the cycle of time revolves, from birth, to life, to death and again to rebirth, the only thing that is constant is the Goddess, that one unmoving symbol in the midst of all of this unending and infinite movement. The dance symbolizes that God, represented in feminine form in this case, is the only thing that remains unchanging in a constantly changing universe (''jagat'').

	The ''Garbha Deep'' has another symbolic interpretation. The vessel itself is a symbol of the body, within whom Divinity (in the form of the Goddess) resides. Garba is danced around this symbol to honor the fact that all humans have the Divine energy of [[Devi]] within them~~. Garba is now appreciated worldwide~~.		The ''Garbha Deep'' has another symbolic interpretation. The vessel itself is a symbol of the body, within whom Divinity (in the form of the Goddess) resides. Garba is danced around this symbol to honor the fact that all humans have the Divine energy of [[Devi]] within them.

	==Dance==		==Dance==

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← Older revision		Revision as of 10:48, 6 October 2021
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	Gagra choli.jpg\|Little girl dressed in [[Gagra choli]].		Gagra choli.jpg\|Little girl dressed in [[Gagra choli]].
	</gallery>		</gallery>
	Modern Garba is also heavily influenced by ''[[Dandiya Raas]]'' ([[Gujarati language\|Gujarātī]]: ડાંડીયા), a dance traditionally performed by men. <!--and from which the sticks originate. These sticks, which can vary from 1.5 to 2 feet in length, are meant to represent the sword of the avenging Goddess [[Durga]] ([[Sanskrit]]: दुर्गा).-->The merger of these two dances has formed the high-energy dance that is seen today.<ref name="doi">{{cite book \| url=https://books.google.com/?id=h67wZpGPUi0C&~~pg=PT25&dq~~=garba+dance \| title=Let's Know Dances Of India \| publisher=Star Publications \| author=Sinha, Aakriti \| year=2006 \| pages=26 \| isbn=9788176500975}}</ref>		Modern Garba is also heavily influenced by ''[[Dandiya Raas]]'' ([[Gujarati language\|Gujarātī]]: ડાંડીયા), a dance traditionally performed by men. <!--and from which the sticks originate. These sticks, which can vary from 1.5 to 2 feet in length, are meant to represent the sword of the avenging Goddess [[Durga]] ([[Sanskrit]]: दुर्गा).-->The merger of these two dances has formed the high-energy dance that is seen today.<ref name="doi">{{cite book \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h67wZpGPUi0C&q=garba+dance&pg=PT25 \| title=Let's Know Dances Of India \| publisher=Star Publications \| author=Sinha, Aakriti \| year=2006 \| pages=26 \| isbn=9788176500975}}</ref>

	Both men and women usually wear colorful costumes while performing garba and [[dandiya]]. The girls and the women wear [[Chaniya choli]], a three-piece dress with a [[choli]], which is an embroidered and colorful blouse, teamed with [[chaniya]], which is the flared, skirt-like bottom, with intricate work and [[dupatta]], which is usually worn in the traditional Gujarati manner. Chaniya Cholis are decorated with beads, shells, mirrors, stars, and embroidery work, mati, etc. Traditionally, women adorn themselves with jhumkas (large earrings), necklaces, [[Bindi (decoration)\|bindi]], bajubandh, chudas and kangans, kamarbandh, payal, and mojiris. Boys and men wear kafni pyjamas with a ''Ghagra'' - a short round [[kurta]] - above the knees and pagadi on the head with bandhini dupatta, kada, and mojiris. In Gujarati, this costume worn by men is called ''<nowiki/>'Kediyu'.'' Over the years, the interest in Garba has only increased. There is a huge interest in Garba among the youth of India and in particular, the Gujarati diaspora. Traditionally, this dance is performed in concentric circles and the entire group performs once step in sync, with the beat starting slow and slowly catching on speed.		Both men and women usually wear colorful costumes while performing garba and [[dandiya]]. The girls and the women wear [[Chaniya choli]], a three-piece dress with a [[choli]], which is an embroidered and colorful blouse, teamed with [[chaniya]], which is the flared, skirt-like bottom, with intricate work and [[dupatta]], which is usually worn in the traditional Gujarati manner. Chaniya Cholis are decorated with beads, shells, mirrors, stars, and embroidery work, mati, etc. Traditionally, women adorn themselves with jhumkas (large earrings), necklaces, [[Bindi (decoration)\|bindi]], bajubandh, chudas and kangans, kamarbandh, payal, and mojiris. Boys and men wear kafni pyjamas with a ''Ghagra'' - a short round [[kurta]] - above the knees and pagadi on the head with bandhini dupatta, kada, and mojiris. In Gujarati, this costume worn by men is called ''<nowiki/>'Kediyu'.'' Over the years, the interest in Garba has only increased. There is a huge interest in Garba among the youth of India and in particular, the Gujarati diaspora. Traditionally, this dance is performed in concentric circles and the entire group performs once step in sync, with the beat starting slow and slowly catching on speed.

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{{Infobox dance
| name = Garba<br> गरबा
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| etymology =
| image = File: Garba (dance).jpg
| alt =
| caption = People performing garba (dance) in [[Vadodara]] during [[Navratri]] festival.
| genre =
| signature =
| instruments = Singing and Sitar as well as Dhol
| inventor =
| year =
| origin = [[Gujarat]], India
}}

'''Garba''' is a form of [[dance]] which originates from the state of [[Gujarat]] in India. The name is derived from the [[Sanskrit]] term ''Garbha'' ("womb") and ''Deep'' ("a small [[earthenware]] lamp"). Many traditional garbas are performed around centrally lit lamp or a [[picture]] or statue of the Goddess Shakti. Traditionally, it is performed during the nine-day [[Hindu]] [[festival]] [[Navratri|Navarātrī]] ([[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] નવરાત્રી Nava = 9, ratri = nights). Either the lamp (the " garbha Deep'') or an image of the Goddess, [[Durga]] (also called ''Amba'') is placed in middle of concentric rings as an object of veneration.

==Etymology==
The word ''garba'' comes from the [[Sanskrit]] word for womb and so implies gestation or pregnancy — life. Traditionally, the dance is performed around a clay lantern with a light inside, called a ''Garbha Deep'' ("womb lamp"). This lantern represents life, and the fetus in the womb in particular. The dancers thus honor [[Durga]], the feminine form of divinity.

Garba is performed in a circle as a symbol of the [[Hindu]] view of time. The rings of dancers revolve in cycles, as time in [[Hinduism]] is cyclical. As the cycle of time revolves, from birth, to life, to death and again to rebirth, the only thing that is constant is the Goddess, that one unmoving symbol in the midst of all of this unending and infinite movement. The dance symbolizes that God, represented in feminine form in this case, is the only thing that remains unchanging in a constantly changing universe (''jagat'').

The ''Garbha Deep'' has another symbolic interpretation. The vessel itself is a symbol of the body, within whom Divinity (in the form of the Goddess) resides. Garba is danced around this symbol to honor the fact that all humans have the Divine energy of [[Devi]] within them. Garba is now appreciated worldwide.

==Dance==
<gallery widths="220" heights="220">
Traditional_Folk_dance_garba_dress.jpg|Garba dressing: traditional dressing male is ''kediyu'' while the traditional female dress is ''chaniya choli''.
Gagra choli.jpg|Little girl dressed in [[Gagra choli]].
</gallery>
Modern Garba is also heavily influenced by ''[[Dandiya Raas]]'' ([[Gujarati language|Gujarātī]]: ડાંડીયા), a dance traditionally performed by men. The merger of these two dances has formed the high-energy dance that is seen today.<ref name="doi">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/?id=h67wZpGPUi0C&pg=PT25&dq=garba+dance | title=Let's Know Dances Of India | publisher=Star Publications | author=Sinha, Aakriti | year=2006 | pages=26 | isbn=9788176500975}}</ref>

Both men and women usually wear colorful costumes while performing garba and [[dandiya]]. The girls and the women wear [[Chaniya choli]], a three-piece dress with a [[choli]], which is an embroidered and colorful blouse, teamed with [[chaniya]], which is the flared, skirt-like bottom, with intricate work and [[dupatta]], which is usually worn in the traditional Gujarati manner. Chaniya Cholis are decorated with beads, shells, mirrors, stars, and embroidery work, mati, etc. Traditionally, women adorn themselves with jhumkas (large earrings), necklaces, [[Bindi (decoration)|bindi]], bajubandh, chudas and kangans, kamarbandh, payal, and mojiris. Boys and men wear kafni pyjamas with a ''Ghagra'' - a short round [[kurta]] - above the knees and pagadi on the head with bandhini dupatta, kada, and mojiris. In Gujarati, this costume worn by men is called ''<nowiki/>'Kediyu'.'' Over the years, the interest in Garba has only increased. There is a huge interest in Garba among the youth of India and in particular, the Gujarati diaspora. Traditionally, this dance is performed in concentric circles and the entire group performs once step in sync, with the beat starting slow and slowly catching on speed.

Garba and Dandiya Raas are also popular in the United States where more than 20 universities have Raas/Garba competitions on a huge scale every year with professional choreography. The Canadian city of Toronto now hosts North America's largest annual garba by number of attendees.<ref> http://www.torontogarba.com/</ref> Garba is also very popular in the United Kingdom where there are a number of Gujarati communities who hold their own Garba nights and widely popular among the Gujarati community worldwide.
[[Image:UWoB2011.jpg|thumb|800px|center|<center>Women and men performing Garba as part of Navratri celebrations in [[Vadodara]].</center>]]

==Tradition==
Garba is a Gujarati folk dance celebrated in [[Navratri]], a celebration lasting nine nights. Garba songs typically revolve around the subjects of the nine goddesses. Garba styles vary from place to place in Gujarat.

The traditional costume of the Garba dancer is red, pink, yellow, orange, and brightly colored chanya, [[choli]] or [[Gagra choli|ghagra choli]]; [[dupatta]] with [[bandhani]] ([[tie-dye]]), [[Shisha (embroidery)|abhla]] (big mirrors) or with thick Gujarati borders. They also wear heavy jewellery, such as 2-3 necklaces, sparkling bangles, waist belts, and long oxidized earrings. Traditionally men wear an ethnic ''kedia'' and a pajama or a dhoti with an oxidized bracelet and necklace. Normally, the dandiya sticks are Wooden.

==References==
{{Reflist}}<br />{{Dance in India}}
[[Category:Dances of India]]
[[Category:Gujarati culture]]