https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=GanitagannadiGanitagannadi - Revision history2026-10-27T15:39:54ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ganitagannadi&diff=499892&oldid=prevJudithBehan6: stub2025-04-16T22:02:28Z<p>stub</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|1604 commentary in Kannada}}<br />
'''Gaṇitagannaḍi''' (Mirror of Mathematics) is a commentary in [[Kannada]] on Viddṇācārya's ''Vārșikatantra'' composed by Śaṅkaranārāyaṇa Joisāru in 1604.<ref name="Shylaja">{{cite journal |last1=B. S. Shylaja and Seetharam Javagal |title=Ganitagannadi: A ''karana'' text of 1604 on ''Siddhantic'' astronomy in Kanada |journal=History of Science in South Asia |year=2020 |volume=8 |pages=13–35 |doi=10.18732/hssa.v8i0.46 |url=https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/hssa/index.php/hssa/article/view/46/100 |access-date=15 December 2023|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=B. S. Shylaja and Seetharam Javagal |title=Mean and True Positions of Planets as Describedin Ganitagannadi – A Karana Text on Siddhantic Astronomy in Kannada |journal=History of Science in South Asia |year=2021 |volume=9 |pages=232–272 |doi=10.18732/hssa62 |url=https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/hssa/index.php/hssa/article/view/62 |access-date=15 December 2023|doi-access=free }}</ref> Viddṇācārya's ''Vārșikatantra'' is a ''karaṇa'' text written before 1370 CE.<ref>{{cite book |title=A history of Indian literature: Vol Vi Part 4 - Jyothisastra - Astral and mathematical literature |date=1981 |publisher=Otto Harrassowitz |location=Wiesbaden |page=48 |url=https://archive.org/details/pingree1981/page/n51/mode/2up?view=theater |access-date=16 December 2023}}</ref> <br />
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The book, written in [[Nandinagari]] script, is a ''karaṇa'' text, that is, a book which explain the various computations in astronomy especially with regard to those related to the preparation of ''[[Panchangam]]''-s ([[calendar]]). Even though manuscripts of Kannada commentaries of several Sanskrit texts on astronomy like ''Sūryasiddhānta'' have been identified, ''Gaṇitagannaḍi'' is the first such commentary ever to be translated into English, printed and published.<ref name="Bhavana">{{cite journal |last1=B. S. Shylaja |title=Archival Collections of Kannaḍa Texts on Astronomy and Mathematics |journal=Bhavana: The Mathematics Magazine |date=January 2022 |volume=6 |issue=1 |url=https://bhavana.org.in/archival-collections-of-kannaḍa-texts-on-astronomy-and-mathematics |access-date=15 December 2023}}</ref> ''Gaṇitagannaḍi'' was translated into English by B. S. Shylaja, a scientist associated with Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, Bengaluru and Seetharama Javagal and was published in 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Akhil Kadidal |title=Palm leaf guide to the stars |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/palm-leaf-guide-to-the-stars-1061922.html |access-date=15 December 2023 |publisher=Deccan Herald |date=18 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=B.S.Shylaja and Seetharama Javagal |title=Ganitagannadi - Mirror of Mathematics |date=April 2021 |publisher= Navakarnataka Publications Pvt Ltd |location=Bengaluru |isbn=978-8195317721 }}</ref> It was Seetharama Javagal who brought to light the palm leaf manuscript of ''Gaṇitagannaḍi'' in his grandfather's collection.<ref name="Bhavana"/><br />
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The most important specialty of the book from an astronomical point of view is that, "in the third chapter (''Chāyāddhāya''). all the computations are based on a single parameter, namely the shadow length. Other quantities are based on ''Dyu-nishardha-Karna'', to be obtained daily. This includes ''vishuvat-karna'' and ''vishuvatchaya''. This clearly demonstrates the importance of actual observations. These traditional astronomers always advocated ''drig-ganita-aikya'' (that is, the concordance between observation and computation)."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=S. Balachandra Rao |title=Review of "Gaṇitagannaḍ: Mirror of Mathematics" |journal=Bhavan's Journal |date=2022 |pages=592–593 |url=https://www.sciengine.com/doi/pdfView/24707381BF344D5DA02E5A1D3B04B7E6 |access-date=15 December 2023}}</ref><br />
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==Outline of the book==<br />
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The first chapter of the book deals with the procedure for getting ''kalidina'', starting from the ''kalivarsa'' count, and the method for getting the mean positions for planets. The second chapter provides the method for deriving the true positions of all planets, perigees and the nodes. The third chapter describes the procedures of ''tripraśnādhikāra'' in ''Sūryasiddhānta''. The fourth chapter is devoted to eclipses. The fifth chapter describes a graphical method for obtaining the timings, magnitudes, and points of ingress. The next three chapters are very brief. The last chapter describes the determination of the elevation of the cusps of the crescent moon.<ref name="Bhavana"/><br />
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==References==<br />
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{{reflist}}<br />
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{{Indian astronomy}}<br />
{{Indian mathematics}}<br />
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[[Category:Astronomy books]]<br />
[[Category:Indian mathematics]]<br />
[[Category:Hindu astronomy]]<br />
[[Category:History of mathematics]]<br />
[[Category:Indian astronomy texts]]<br />
[[Category:Kannada literature]]</div>JudithBehan6