Flag Officer Submarines (India) - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 20:22, 25 July 2022
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	==History==		==History==
	[[File:The incoming and outgoing Flag Officer Submarines.JPG\|thumb\|right\|RAdm Sanjay Mahindru taking over as FOSM from RAdm [[S. V. Bhokare]] in 2015.]]		[[File:The incoming and outgoing Flag Officer Submarines.JPG\|thumb\|right\|RAdm Sanjay Mahindru taking over as FOSM from RAdm [[S. V. Bhokare]] in 2015.]]
	The submarine arm of the [[Indian Navy]] was formed with the commissioning of {{ship\|INS\|Kalvari\|S23}} in December 1967. Three other submarines – {{ship\|INS\|Khanderi\|1968\|2}}, {{ship\|INS\|Karanj\|S21\|2}} and {{ship\|INS\|Kursura\|S20\|2}} were acquired from the [[Soviet Union]] and the 8th Submarine squadron was formed.{{sfn\|Singh\|1991\|p=217}} The [[submarine base]] [[INS Virbahu]] in [[Visakhapatnam]] was commissioned on 19 May 1971 as the shore support base for submarines.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Shekhawat \|first1=Adm VS \|title=A SPECIAL PLACE IN MY HEART \|journal=Quarterdeck \|issue=2021}}</ref> The Commanding Officer of ''Virbahu'' functioned as the Captain of the submarine squadron and the class Authority for all submarines.{{sfn\|Hiranandani\|~~2022~~}}		The submarine arm of the [[Indian Navy]] was formed with the commissioning of {{ship\|INS\|Kalvari\|S23}} in December 1967. Three other submarines – {{ship\|INS\|Khanderi\|1968\|2}}, {{ship\|INS\|Karanj\|S21\|2}} and {{ship\|INS\|Kursura\|S20\|2}} were acquired from the [[Soviet Union]] and the 8th Submarine squadron was formed.{{sfn\|Singh\|1991\|p=217}} The [[submarine base]] [[INS Virbahu]] in [[Visakhapatnam]] was commissioned on 19 May 1971 as the shore support base for submarines.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Shekhawat \|first1=Adm VS \|title=A SPECIAL PLACE IN MY HEART \|journal=Quarterdeck \|issue=2021}}</ref> The Commanding Officer of ''Virbahu'' functioned as the Captain of the submarine squadron and the class Authority for all submarines.{{sfn\|Hiranandani\|2005}}

	In 1985, the Navy's Command and Control structure was streamlined. To rationalise Command and Control of the Submarine Arm, a single-point class authority was constituted which would be located at the Submarine Headquarters in Visakhapatnam. This authority would be responsible for all training and maintenance of submarines, analogous to Flag Officer Naval Aviation (FONA).{{sfn\|Hiranandani\|~~2022~~}} The authority was christened '''Flag Officer Submarines (FOSM)''' and Rear Admiral [[Arun Auditto]], {{small\|[[AVSM]], [[Nau Sena Medal\|NM]]}} took over as the first FOSM.<ref name="Submarine Firsts">{{cite web \|title=Firsts in Submarine Arm of IN {{!}} Indian Navy \|url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/firsts-submarine-arm \|website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref> The FOSM was to be responsible to NHQ for all Class Authority and training functions in regard to submarines. The FOSM would be under the administrative control of the [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command]]. (FOC-in-C ENC), but interact with the FOC-in-C of both Eastern Naval Command and [[Western Naval Command]] on all matters related to his charter of duties.		In 1985, the Navy's Command and Control structure was streamlined. To rationalise Command and Control of the Submarine Arm, a single-point class authority was constituted which would be located at the Submarine Headquarters in Visakhapatnam. This authority would be responsible for all training and maintenance of submarines, analogous to Flag Officer Naval Aviation (FONA).{{sfn\|Hiranandani\|2005}} The authority was christened '''Flag Officer Submarines (FOSM)''' and Rear Admiral [[Arun Auditto]], {{small\|[[AVSM]], [[Nau Sena Medal\|NM]]}} took over as the first FOSM.<ref name="Submarine Firsts">{{cite web \|title=Firsts in Submarine Arm of IN {{!}} Indian Navy \|url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/firsts-submarine-arm \|website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref> The FOSM was to be responsible to NHQ for all Class Authority and training functions in regard to submarines. The FOSM would be under the administrative control of the [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command]]. (FOC-in-C ENC), but interact with the FOC-in-C of both Eastern Naval Command and [[Western Naval Command]] on all matters related to his charter of duties.

	In the 1990s, the need for a senior officer at Naval headquarters was felt. The officer would impart senior level advice on submarine matters. On 14 October 1996, the appointment of Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Submarines) (ACNS SM) was created. Rear Admiral Arun Kumar Singh, {{small\|[[AVSM]], [[Nau Sena Medal\|NM]]}} took over as the first ACNS (SM).<ref name="Submarine Firsts"/> He also dual-hatted as the FOSM. While the policy decisions were taken by the FOSM, the administration of the submarine HQ was carried out by a [[Commodore (India)\|Commodore]].<ref name="Submarine Firsts"/>{{sfn\|Hiranandani\|~~2022~~}} The ACNS functioned under the [[Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (India)\|Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff]]. In January 2001, the post of ACNS (SM) was instituted as a separate billet. The ACNS (SM) is based at NHQ while the FOSM is based at Visakhapatnam.{{sfn\|Singh\|2018\|p=248}}		In the 1990s, the need for a senior officer at Naval headquarters was felt. The officer would impart senior level advice on submarine matters. On 14 October 1996, the appointment of Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Submarines) (ACNS SM) was created. Rear Admiral Arun Kumar Singh, {{small\|[[AVSM]], [[Nau Sena Medal\|NM]]}} took over as the first ACNS (SM).<ref name="Submarine Firsts"/> He also dual-hatted as the FOSM. While the policy decisions were taken by the FOSM, the administration of the submarine HQ was carried out by a [[Commodore (India)\|Commodore]].<ref name="Submarine Firsts"/>{{sfn\|Hiranandani\|2010}} The ACNS functioned under the [[Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (India)\|Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff]]. In January 2001, the post of ACNS (SM) was instituted as a separate billet. The ACNS (SM) is based at NHQ while the FOSM is based at Visakhapatnam.{{sfn\|Singh\|2018\|p=248}}

	==Structure==		==Structure==

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{{other uses|Commodore Submarine Service}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Flag Officer Submarines
| body =
| nativename =
| insignia =
| insigniasize =
| insigniacaption =
| flag = Rear_Admiral_of_the_Indian_Navy_rank_flag.svg
| flagsize = 150
| flagborder = yes
| flagcaption = Flag of the FOSM (Rear Admiral's flag)
| image = File:RAdm AY Sardesai.jpg
| imagesize = 150
| incumbent = [[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] A. Y. Sardesai
| incumbentsince = February 2020
| department = [[Indian Navy]]
| abbreviation = FOSM
| reports_to = [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command]]
| seat = [[Visakhapatnam]]
| first = [[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] [[Arun Auditto]], [[AVSM]], [[Nau Sena Medal|NM]]
| formation = 1987
| website=
}}
The '''Flag Officer Submarines (FOSM)''' is the single-point class authority of submarines in the Indian Navy. A [[Two-star rank|two star]] Officer holding the rank of [[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]], the FOSM is responsible for submarine safety, submarine training, maintenance and operating schedules and operational readiness inspections. The current FOSM is [[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] A. Y. Sardesai who assumed office on 5 February 2020.

==History==
[[File:The incoming and outgoing Flag Officer Submarines.JPG|thumb|right|RAdm Sanjay Mahindru taking over as FOSM from RAdm [[S. V. Bhokare]] in 2015.]]
The submarine arm of the [[Indian Navy]] was formed with the commissioning of {{ship|INS|Kalvari|S23}} in December 1967. Three other submarines – {{ship|INS|Khanderi|1968|2}}, {{ship|INS|Karanj|S21|2}} and {{ship|INS|Kursura|S20|2}} were acquired from the [[Soviet Union]] and the 8th Submarine squadron was formed.{{sfn|Singh|1991|p=217}} The [[submarine base]] [[INS Virbahu]] in [[Visakhapatnam]] was commissioned on 19 May 1971 as the shore support base for submarines.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Shekhawat |first1=Adm VS |title=A SPECIAL PLACE IN MY HEART |journal=Quarterdeck |issue=2021}}</ref> The Commanding Officer of ''Virbahu'' functioned as the Captain of the submarine squadron and the class Authority for all submarines.{{sfn|Hiranandani|2022}}

In 1985, the Navy's Command and Control structure was streamlined. To rationalise Command and Control of the Submarine Arm, a single-point class authority was constituted which would be located at the Submarine Headquarters in Visakhapatnam. This authority would be responsible for all training and maintenance of submarines, analogous to Flag Officer Naval Aviation (FONA).{{sfn|Hiranandani|2022}} The authority was christened '''Flag Officer Submarines (FOSM)''' and Rear Admiral [[Arun Auditto]], {{small|[[AVSM]], [[Nau Sena Medal|NM]]}} took over as the first FOSM.<ref name="Submarine Firsts">{{cite web |title=Firsts in Submarine Arm of IN {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/firsts-submarine-arm |website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref> The FOSM was to be responsible to NHQ for all Class Authority and training functions in regard to submarines. The FOSM would be under the administrative control of the [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command]]. (FOC-in-C ENC), but interact with the FOC-in-C of both Eastern Naval Command and [[Western Naval Command]] on all matters related to his charter of duties.

In the 1990s, the need for a senior officer at Naval headquarters was felt. The officer would impart senior level advice on submarine matters. On 14 October 1996, the appointment of Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Submarines) (ACNS SM) was created. Rear Admiral Arun Kumar Singh, {{small|[[AVSM]], [[Nau Sena Medal|NM]]}} took over as the first ACNS (SM).<ref name="Submarine Firsts"/> He also dual-hatted as the FOSM. While the policy decisions were taken by the FOSM, the administration of the submarine HQ was carried out by a [[Commodore (India)|Commodore]].<ref name="Submarine Firsts"/>{{sfn|Hiranandani|2022}} The ACNS functioned under the [[Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff]]. In January 2001, the post of ACNS (SM) was instituted as a separate billet. The ACNS (SM) is based at NHQ while the FOSM is based at Visakhapatnam.{{sfn|Singh|2018|p=248}}

==Structure==
The submarine base INS Virbahu and the submarine training school [[INS Satavahana]] come under the FOSM. INS Satavahana, being a training establishment comes under the [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Naval Command]] since the command is the training command of the Navy. FOSM provides necessary support to FOC-in-C South for technical aspects of submarine training.<ref name="Satavahana">{{cite web |title=INS Satavahana {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/ins-satavahana |website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref>

==List of FOSM==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|- style="background:#cccccc"
! scope="col" style="width: 20px;"|S.No.
! scope="col" style="width: 300px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Assumed office
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Left office
! scope="col" style="width: 500px;" | Notes
|-
|1
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] [[Arun Auditto]] {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|AVSM|NM}}}}
|1 May 1987
|31 July 1988
|First FOSM.<ref name="Submarine Firsts"/>
|-
|2
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] J. M. S. Sodhi {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|VSM}}}}
|1 August 1988 {{refn|Appointed as a [[Commodore (India)|Commodore]], promoted to the rank of rear-admiral on 22 August 1988.|group= n}}
|24 March 1991
|
|-
|3
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] R. N. Ganesh {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|AVSM|NM}}}}
|25 March 1991
|11 October 1992
|Later served as [[Flag Officer Commanding Western Fleet]], [[Director General of the Indian Coast Guard]] and [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Naval Command]].<ref>{{cite web |title=RN Ganesh |url=http://isssp.in/people/rn-ganesh/ |website=International Strategic and Security Studies Programme {{!}} NIAS {{!}} India |date=2018-02-13}}</ref>
|-
|4
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] S. C. Anand {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|AVSM}}}}
|12 October 1992
|31 October 1996
|
|-
|5
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] Arun Kumar Singh {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|AVSM|NM}}}}
|1 November 1996
|9 March 2000
||Later served as [[Director General of the Indian Coast Guard]], [[Commander-in-Chief, Andaman and Nicobar Command]] and [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command]].<ref>{{cite web |title=New Flag Appointments in the Navy |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=16031 |website=archive.pib.gov.in}}</ref>
|-
|6
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] R. K. Sharma {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|AVSM|VSM}}}}
|10 March 2000
|5 November 2001
|
|-
|7
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] Arun Kumar Singh {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|AVSM|NM}}}}
|6 November 2001
|24 June 2002
|Second tenure.
|-
|8
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] K. N. Sushil {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|NM}}}}
|25 June 2002
|15 August 2005
|Later served as [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Naval Command]].
|-
|9
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] A. Y. Kalaskar {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|NM|VSM}}}}
|16 August 2005
|31 August 2006
|Later served as FOMA.<ref>{{cite web |title=Governor calls corporate world to employ ex-servicemen |url=https://www.oneindia.com/2007/12/14/governor-calls-corporate-world-to-employ-ex-servicemen-1197635864.html |website=www.oneindia.com |language=en |date=2007-12-14}}</ref>
|-
|10
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] [[Pradeep Kumar Chatterjee]] {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|NM}}}}
|1 September 2006
|25 November 2008
|Later served as [[Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff]] and [[Commander-in-Chief, Andaman and Nicobar Command]].
|-
|11
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] M. T. Moraes {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|AVSM}}}}
|26 November 2008
|28 July 2011
|<ref name="Srikant takes charge">{{cite web |author=Staff Reporter |title=Srikant takes charge |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/srikant-takes-charge/article2307981.ece |website=The Hindu |language=en-IN |date=2011-07-30}}</ref>
|-
|12
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] Srikant
|29 July 2011
|21 September 2012
|Later served as [[Commandant of the National Defence College]] and Director General Project Seabird.<ref name="Srikant takes charge"/>
|-
|13
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] [[S. V. Bhokare]] {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|YSM|NM}}}}
|22 September 2012
|24 September 2015
|Current Inspector General Nuclear Safety.<ref>{{cite web |title=h20 |url=http://www.sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2016/nov01-16/h20.htm |website=www.sainiksamachar.nic.in}}</ref>
|-
|14
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] [[Sanjay Mahindru]] {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|NM}}}}
|25 September 2015
|10 October 2016
|Later served as Flag Officer Commanding Maharashtra Area (FOMA). Current [[Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff]]<ref name="FOSM 2016" />
|-
|15
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] [[Vennam Srinivas]] {{small|{{postnominals|country=IND|sep=,|NM}}}}
|11 October 2016{{refn|Appointed as a Commodore, promoted to the rank of rear-admiral on 24 October 2016.|group= n}}
|5 February 2020
|Current Flag Officer Maharashtra Area.<ref name="FOSM 2016">{{cite web |title=Rear Admiral Vennam Srinivas, NM takes over as Flag Officer Submarines {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/rear-admiral-vennam-srinivas-nm-takes-over-flag-officer-submarines |website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref>
|-
|16
|[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] A. Y. Sardesai
|5 February 2020 {{refn|Appointed as a Commodore, promoted to the rank of rear-admiral on 1 July 2020.|group= n}}
|Present
|Current FOSM.<ref>{{cite web |title=Flag Officer Submarines {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/flag-officer-submarines |website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref>
|-
|}

==See also==
* [[Commodore Commanding Submarines (East)]]
* [[Commodore Commanding Submarines (West)]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|50em|group=n}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{citation|first1=Satyindra|last1=Singh|title=Blueprint to bluewater: The Indian Navy, 1951-65|year=1991|isbn= 978-8170621485|publisher=Lancer International}}
*{{citation|first1=G M|last1=Hiranandani|title=Transition to eminence : the Indian navy 1976-1990|year=2005|isbn=978-8170622666|publisher=Lancer Publishers}}
*{{citation|first1=G. M.|last1=Hiranandani|title=Transition to Guardianship: The Indian Navy 1991-2000|year=2010|isbn= 978-1935501268|publisher= Lancer InterConsult, Incorporated}}
*{{citation|first1=Anup|last1=Singh|title=Blue Waters Ahoy!: The Indian Navy 2001-2010 |year=2018|isbn=978-9353025526|publisher= HarperCollins Publishers India}}

[[Category:Indian Navy]]
[[Category:Indian military appointments]]
[[Category:Indian Navy appointments]]
[[Category:Flag Officers Submarines (India)| ]]