BJRMelisa78144: created initial bio first draft

2025-07-21T08:44:22Z

created initial bio first draft

New page

{{short description|Hindu temple dedicated to goddess Kali in Kolkata, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox temple
| name = Firingi Kalibari
| image = Firingi Kalibari in Bowbazar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Firingi Kalibari in Bowbazar, July 2022
| map_type =
| map_caption =
| coordinates =
| country = {{flag|India}}
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[Kolkata]]
| location = Kolkata
| elevation_m =
| deity = Goddess [[Kali]]
| festivals =
* ''[[Kali Puja]]''
* ''Kartik Amavasya''
* ''Kaushiki Amavasya''
* ''Phalaharini Amavasya''
| temple_quantity = 1
| monument_quantity =
| inscriptions =
| year_completed =
| architecture =
| creator =
| website = firinghikalibari.com
}}

'''Firingi Kalibari''' is a temple dedicated to the [[Hindu]] Goddess [[Kali]] located on [[B.B. Ganguly Street]] in [[Bowbazar]] locality of [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], India.<ref>{{cite book|last=Mitra|first=Swati|title=Kolkata:Guide Book|year=2011|publisher=Goodearth Publication|pages=84|isbn=9789380262154|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eUq9heKpjEIC&q=Lal+Mandir+Shobhabazar+Kolkata&pg=PA84}}</ref> The temple is said to be over 200 years old and is named after its association with [[Anthony Firingee]] (1786-1839), a European who converted to [[Hinduism]] and was a great devotee of [[Kali]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chaudhuri |first1=Prasun |title=Freedom Ink Redux: The story of Firingi Kali, from the independence movement to revival |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/freedom-ink-redux-the-story-of-firingi-kali-from-the-independence-movement-to-revival/cid/1993659 |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=14 January 2024}}</ref>

One of the oldest Kali temples in Kolkata, Maa Kali is worshipped here in the form of "Maa Siddheshwari". Hundreds of devotees gather at the temple for worship on the occasions of [[Kali Puja]], Kaushiki Amavasya and Phalaharini Amavasya.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mazumder |first1=Rukmini |title=৫০০ বছরের পুরনো ফিরিঙ্গি কালীবাড়ির পুজো, সকাল থেকেই ভক্তদের উপচে-পড়া ভিড় |url=https://bengali.news18.com/videos/kolkata/kali-puja-2023-devotees-flock-at-firingi-kalibari-puja-rm-1366084.html |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[News18]] |date=12 November 2023 |language=bn}}</ref>

== History ==
There are a number of legends and believes regarding the establishment of the temple. The most popular one is linked to the association of [[Anthony Firingee]] with the temple with. A [[Demographics of Europe|European]] who converted to [[Hinduism]] after marrying a widowed Hindu lady and being influenced by the Hindu culture, the temple derived it's prefix "Firingi" from his name. From that, the deity of Maa Kali is also sometimes known as "Firingi Kali".<ref>{{cite news |title=9 Kali Temples To Visit If You Are In And Around Kolkata |url=https://news.abplive.com/web-stories/travel/kolkata-kalibari-list-temples-of-goddess-kali-in-and-around-bengal-capital-1689601 |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[ABP News|ABP Live]] |date=23 May 2024}}</ref>

But the thing to be noted is, no historical proof of Anthony Firingee being associated with the temple has been found. Historian Radharaman Mitra in his book "Kolkata Darpan" mentions that the association of [[Hensman Anthony]] with the temple is incorrect. Historians have mixed opinion regarding the establishment year of the temple.<ref name="ie">{{cite news |last1=Das |first1=Rajit |title=থিমের জাঁকজমকে নয়, নিজ মাহাত্ম্যে আজও অদ্বিতীয় কলকাতার এই কালী মন্দিরগুলি |url=https://bengali.indianexpress.com/lifestyle/famous-kali-pujas-in-kolkata-kalighat-firingi-kalibari-thanthania-kali-mandir-siddheswari-kali-temple-karunamoyee-ma-kali-dhaka-kali-690610/ |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[Indian Express]] |date=4 November 2023 |language=bn}}</ref> There is a date stone in the temple which mentions the temple was established in 905 AD, which means the temple is more than 525 years old. But many historians think it is not possible to construct a temple at that time because, there were no human settlements in this region during that time.<ref>{{cite news |title=কালী-কথা: ফিরিঙ্গি কালীবাড়ি |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/kolkata/firingi-kalibari-brief-history-and-myths-dgtlx-1.1226797 |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[Anandabazar Patrika]] |date=10 November 2020 |language=bn}}</ref>

According to another story from the book of Sir Harry Evan Cotton, which most historians believe, the temple was established by Dom Srimanta as a [[Shiva|Shiv Mandir]], in a small house on a [[shmashana]], located inside the dense forests of that region. Later he also started worshipping Maa Shitala. It was located close to the Bhagirathi river. Since the temple was established by a Dom, no priests went to the temple. Hence, Srimanta himself worshipped the deities.<ref>{{cite news |title=ডোমের হাতে কলকাতাতেই প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয়েছিল এই কালীমন্দির, পুজো দিতে আসতেন ক্রিস্টান! |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/ananda-utsav/puja-parikrama/know-unknown-facts-of-firingi-kalibari-the-famous-kali-temple-of-bowbazar-kolkata-dgtl/cid/1555509|date=25 October 2024|work=[[Anandabazar Patrika]]|access-date=3 January 2025|language=bn}}</ref>

[[File:Firinghi Kalibari at B.B. Ganguly Street in Bowbazar, a locality of Kolkata.jpg|thumb|left|160px|Firinghi Kalibari at B.B. Ganguly Street in Bowbazar, Kolkata, May 2022.]]

Behind the temple was [[Anthony Firingee|Hensman Anthony]]'s maternal uncle's house.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kali Puja: মামার বাড়ি এলে একচালার মন্দিরে মাকে গান শোনাতেন অ্যান্টনি কবিয়াল, আজ ফিরিঙ্গি কালীবাড়িতেও সমারহ |url=https://bengali.abplive.com/uncategorized/kali-puja-antony-kabial-used-to-sing-for-mother-in-the-temple-when-he-came-here-firingi-kalibari-puja-preparation-929686 |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[ABP Ananda]] |date=24 October 2022 |language=bn}}</ref> Sometimes he used to come to the temple while visiting his maternal uncle's house and sang hymns to the deities. One time he sang "Bhajan pujan jani ne maa, jatete firingi. Jadi daya kore kripa koro, hey Shiva Matangi." It is said that he did small renovations to the temple after getting ''swapnadesh'' from Maa Kali herself.<ref name="sp">{{cite news |title=ধর্মপরিচয় হিন্দু না হলেও কীভাবে জুড়ল বিদেশির নাম? রইল ফিরিঙ্গি কালীমন্দিরের ইতিহাস |url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/kolkata/kali-puja-2023-here-is-a-brief-history-of-kolkatas-firingi-kali-temple/ |date=8 November 2023|work=[[Sangbad Pratidin]]|access-date=4 January 2025|language=bn}}</ref>

Whether Srimanta himself established the Maa Kali's idol in the temple or it was established by Anthony is unclear. But according to some sources, it was built by Anthony after "swapnadesh" from Maa Kali.<ref>{{cite news |title=বিখ্যাত ফিরিঙ্গি কালীবাড়ি, স্বপ্নাদেশ পেয়ে মা সিদ্ধেশ্বরীকে নিজে হাতে গড়েছিলেন অ্যান্টনি কবিয়াল |url=https://bengali.abplive.com/videos/religion/firingi-kalibari-antony-kabial-built-siddheshwari-himself-1023656 |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[ABP Ananda]] |date=13 November 2023}}</ref> Many [[English people|English]] and [[Portuguese people]] used to live in this region (Locally known as the "firingi sahebs"). They sometimes worshipped at the temple, hoping a bloom in their business. When they were affected with chickenpox, many of them were treated and cured by Srimanta. As a sign to express their gratitude, they offered puja at the temple and from that time, the temple could have received it's prefix "Firingi".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Ashok |title=The famous Kali temples in Kolkata gear up for puja |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/features/the-famous-kali-temples-in-kolkata-gear-up-for-puja-1503240374.html |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |date=13 November 2023}}</ref>

Over time, the temple came to the hands of a Bandopadhyay family of Kolkata. They have worshipped the deities and taken care of the temple since generations. According to the info given by present ''sevayets'', the temple was received by their ancestors in 1880 AD.<ref name="es">{{cite news |last1=বসুমল্লিক |first1=গৌতম |title=বৌবাজারে জাগ্রত মা ফিরিঙ্গি কালী, ইতিহাস জানা আছে তো? |url=https://eisamay.com/durgotsav/news/history-of-bowbazar-antony-firingi-kali-mandir/104894372.cms |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[Ei Samay]] |date=1 November 2023 |language=bn}}</ref> As Srimanta did not have any successor, he sold the temple to Shashibhusan Bandopadhyay for {{INR|60}} rupees. Once upon a time, although animal sacrifices was performed, it is not practised today.<ref name="ie"></ref>

== Deities worshipped ==
The temple is made from moonstones of silvery-white colour. Maa Siddheswari's idol is three-eyed and has a height of about five-and-a-half feet. Maa [[Kali]] here is worshipped as "Maa Siddheswari". The idol is placed in a "panchamundi ashan" and faced towards the south direction. Initially the idol was made of clay but now it is made of concrete. Besides Maa Siddheswari Kali, there are idols of Maa [[Durga]] and Maa [[Jagaddhatri]] made from "ashtadhatu". There are idols of Maa [[Shitala]] and Maa [[Manasha]] too. There is also a "Narayan Shila" to worship Lord [[Vishnu]] and a [[Lingam|Shiv Lingam]] dedicated to Lord [[Shiva]].<ref name="es"></ref>

== Rituals and prasad ==
Over the last century, the temple is managed and the deities are worshipped by descendants of the Banerjee family. Every day, the deities are worshipped with fruit and sweet offerings, while "anna bhog" is offered twice a month. Special puja is offered on the ''[[Amavasya|amavasyas]]'' every month. On ''[[Purnima|purnimas]]'', [[Narayana|Narayan Puja]] takes place. On "Kartik Amavasya", the temple registers the highest number of devotees. It takes place akin to an annual celebration and "pujapath" occurs throughout the day.<ref name="sp"></ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

{{Portal bar|Hinduism|India}}
{{Anthony Firingee}}
{{Hindu temples in West Bengal}}

{{coord missing|West Bengal}}

[[Category:Hindu temples in Kolkata]]

Firingi Kalibari - Revision history

BJRMelisa78144: created initial bio first draft