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{{Short description|1=Diplomatic relations between the Republic of Estonia and the Republic of India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}
{{bilateral|Estonia-India|Estonia|India|filetype=svg}}
[[File:Välisminister Marina Kaljurand kohtus täna ÜRO peaassamblee 70. istungijärgu avanädala raames India välisministri Sushma Swarajga. 30. september 2015 (21828173522).jpg|thumb|Foreign Ministers Sushma Swaraj and Marina Kaljurand meeting at the 70th UN General Assembly; September 2015.]]

'''Estonia–India relations''' refers to the bilateral [[diplomatic relations]] between [[Estonia]] and [[India]]. India first recognised Estonia on 22 September 1921 when the former had just acquired membership in the [[League of Nations]]. India re-recognised Estonia on 9 September 1991 and diplomatic relations were established on 2 December of the same year in [[Helsinki]]. Estonia is represented in India by its embassy in [[New Delhi]]<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://mea.gov.in/mystart.php?id=50042458 |title = Sorry for the inconvenience}}</ref> and its honorary consulate in [[Mumbai]]. India is represented in Estonia through its embassy in Helsinki ([[Finland]]) and through an honorary consulate in [[Tallinn]].

== Official visits ==
''To India'':
* October 1993 – [[Trivimi Velliste]], the [[Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs|Foreign Minister]]
* February 1999 - State visit of [[Lennart Meri]], the [[President of Estonia|President]]<ref name=science>{{cite web |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F99F730E7068791&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |title=Estonian president visits India, agreement signed |access-date=2009-07-13 |quote=...| date=February 5, 1999 |publisher=[[Doordarshan]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F99F733DE88B3A7&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |title=Estonia and India sign agreement on cooperation in science and technology |access-date=2009-07-13 |quote=... |date=February 6, 1999 |publisher=[[Information Telegraph Agency of Russia]] }}</ref>
* November 2008 - [[Urmas Paet]], the Foreign Minister<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.estemb.se/frontpage/estonian_review/newwin-middle50/aid-823 |title=Estonia and India Consider Combating Pirates to Be Essential |access-date=2009-07-13 |quote=Estonian Foreign Minister Urmas Paet, in India on an official visit, met with Indian Foreign Minister Pranab Muhkerjee and Minister of Science and Technology Shri Kapil Sibali. |publisher=Estonian Embassy in Sweden }}</ref><ref name=baltic>{{cite news|url=http://www.baltic-course.com/eng/baltic_news/?doc=2085|publisher=The Baltic Course|title=Estonia is planning to establish an embassy in India|date=2008-11-25}}</ref>
* September 2012 – the Estonian Minister of Education with Senior Delegation from all three major universities of Estonia visit organised by Unica Solutions Ltd. Estonia Education open day was held at Hilton Mumbai.

''To Estonia'':
* August 1995 - [[Salman Khurshid]], the [[Indian Foreign Minister|Minister of State for External Affairs]]
* 2001 - Minister of External Affairs, Ranjit Singh Kalha, and Estonia's Foreign Minister [[Toomas Hendrik Ilves]] meet to discuss cooperation in combating terrorism.<ref>{{cite news |title=India, Estonia discuss terrorism, IT, gene technology |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F97A4B6CFD6A7B3&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |work=[[Baltic News Service]] at the [[BBC]]|date=September 15, 2001 |access-date=2009-07-13 }}</ref>
* November 2003 - [[Digvijay Singh (Bihar)|Digvijay Singh]], the Minister of State for External Affairs

[[File:Eesti saatkonnahoone New Delhis 2013.jpg|thumb|Embassy of Estonia in New Delhi]]

== Trade ==
In 2007, India was Estonia's 34th largest import partner and 37th largest export partner. Imports into Estonia doubled in 2006. The total value of trade between the countries in 2007 was €30.8 million.<ref name=Estonia>{{cite web |url=http://www.mfa.ee/eng/kat_176/1468.html |title=Estonia and India |access-date=2009-07-13 |publisher=[[Estonia]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070803031548/http://www.mfa.ee/eng/kat_176/1468.html |archive-date=3 August 2007 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

While Indian investment in Estonia is small-scale and is in the commercial and food sector, Estonia has no direct investment in India.<ref name=Estonia/> However, Estonian Foreign Minister Urmas Paet has expressed desire to improve economic ties and appoint a non-resident ambassador and open its own embassy besides two existing honorary embassies.<ref name=baltic/><ref name=cairo>{{cite web |url=http://www.kairo.vm.ee/news/aid-1102 |title=Estonia and India discussed possibilities for developing bilateral relations and co-operation |access-date=2009-07-13 |publisher=[[Estonia|Estonian Mission in Cairo]] }}</ref>

India has signed the Joint Business Council Agreement with the Estonian Chamber of Commerce.<ref name=bilateral>{{cite web |url=http://www.indianembassy.fi/index.php?id=44 |title=Bilateral agreements |access-date=2009-07-13 |publisher=[[India|Embassy of India to Estonia and Finland]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725034709/http://www.indianembassy.fi/index.php?id=44 |archive-date=25 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=kantsler>{{cite news|url=http://www.epl.ee/artikkel/289450|title=Eesti ja India arutasid kahepoolsete suhete ning koostöö arengu võimalusi (Estonia and India discussed possibilities of bilateral relations and cooperation)|language=et|date=2005-04-13|publisher=Eesti Päevaleht|access-date=15 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527134342/http://www.epl.ee/artikkel/289450|archive-date=27 May 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Cultural ==
The first person from Estonia to visit India at the end of the 17th century was the [[cleric]] Eberhard Eckhold (Eckholz) who was born in [[Tallinn]] and had studied in the ''[[University of Tartu|Academia Gustaviana]]'' of [[Tartu]]. Nothing particular is known about his visit. [[Adam Johann von Krusenstern]]'s expedition visited India on his way to China in 1797–1798 during the first Russian [[circumnavigation]].<ref name=klaassen>{{cite book|title=Aasia ja Aafrika 16.–17. sajandil ning kontaktid Eestiga (Asia and Africa in 16th–17th century and contacts with Estonia)|language=et|author=Olaf Klaassen|publisher=[[University of Tartu]] |year=1994}}</ref> He stayed for short whiles in [[Madras]] and [[Calcutta]], acquainted with the commercial and administrative activity of the [[East India Company]] and made a two-month journey on board HMS Orpheus in the [[Bay of Bengal]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Adam Johann von Krusenstern |author-link=Adam Johann von Krusenstern |title=Voyage Round the World |year=1813 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SgXVHAAACAAJ&dq }}</ref> The fact that Krusenstern's library contained around forty items on the history and geography of India and on the [[Sanskrit literature]] shows his great interest towards the country.<ref name=klaassen/>

The first Estonian textbooks to mention India were written by Georg Gottfried Marpurg (1805) and Karl Ernst Berg (1811).
The first Estonian publication to arrive in India was ''Pühhapäiwa Wahhe-luggemissed'' (Sunday Intermediary Readings) of [[Otto Wilhelm Masing]] (1818). The book contained a hundred-page description of the nature and society of India. [[Sanskrit]] language publications were printed at the [[University of Tartu]] and from 1837, Sanskrit teaching classes commenced, taught by professor Karl Friedrich Keil. One of his successors Leopold Alexander von Schroeder became an outstanding [[indologist]], known for his translations and original studies on the early [[Indian literature]].<ref name=Estonia/><ref name=klaassen/>

Several papers on the [[missionary]] work in India, especially among the [[Tamil people|Tamil]]s were published in the middle of the 19th century. "Maailma maade õpetus" (Lesson on Countries of the World) by Berend Gildenmann gave a short systematic overview of the geography of India, improved by the editions of 1854 and 1868. [[Johann Voldemar Jannsen]]'s articles on India which were widely popular contributed further to the Estonians' knowledge on the country as he published up-to-date information on the course of the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]. Further impact in the knowledge was made by the intellectuals [[Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald]], Voldemar Hansen, Eduard Friedrich Lossius and others. The first [[atlas (geography)|atlas]] in Estonian "Maakaardi raamat", published in 1857, contained a map of India under the title of ''Indo-Brittia Riik'' (Indo-Britain State), populated by [[toponyms]] from Masing's and Jannsen's publications.<ref name=klaassen/>

Several [[protestant]] missionaries from Estonia contributed in India. The first one was Arnold Nerling who worked among the Tamils in 1862–1872. Born in [[Reval]], Franz Mathissen studied in the school of the [[Basel Mission]], was sent to work in Calcutta in 1867 and stayed there for the rest of his life. His schoolmate Johannes Hesse from [[Paide|Weissenstein]] was sent to work in the mountains by [[Nilagiri]] in 1869–1874. Albert Grubert from [[Kuressaare|Ahrensburg]] who had studied in [[Leipzig]], worked in 1871–1876 in [[Nagapatnam]]. While they were [[Baltic Germans]], the only missionary of Estonian ethnicity was Christoph Bransfeld from [[Kärdla]] who worked with the [[Gossner Theological College]] in 1880–1896.<ref name=klaassen/>

By the late 19th century, India was widely known to Estonians. In addition to the textbooks and the press, brochures were issued on the mission, the Rebellion of 1857, [[Nana Sahib]] (1884), the [[Great Famine of 1876–78]] (1892), the [[hinduism]] (1892), the [[British Raj]] (1895) and more. These were supported by the letters of the missionaries in India published by the Estonian press.<ref name=klaassen/>

Playing [[Music of India|Indian music]] has become a tradition in the Estonian film festival ''Orient''. [[Veena]] player Dr.Mustafa Raza has performed in the festival three times.<ref name=Estonia/>

The Estonian-Indian Cultural Society was established in 2004 and since then has made regular donations to the Estonian Institute of Humanities, the [[National Library of Estonia]] and the University of Tartu.<ref name=cairo/>

== Political ==
The Estonian–Indian Parliament Group was established in the [[Riigikogu]] in 2004.<ref>[http://www.epl.ee/artikkel/280201 Riigikogus moodustati Eesti-India parlamendirühm] (Estonian-Indian Parliament Group established in Riigikogu. In Estonian). Eesti Päevaleht</ref> Estonia has supported India's bid for a permanent seat in the [[United Nations Security Council]]. Estonia also supports the Indian draft on Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism (CCIT) in the [[United Nations]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://meaindia.nic.in/foreignrelation/estonia.htm |title=India-Estonia relations |access-date=2009-07-13 |publisher=[[India]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060112024002/http://meaindia.nic.in/foreignrelation/estonia.htm |archive-date=12 January 2006 }}</ref>

== Science ==
In a collaboration with [[Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology]], CCMB, Hyderabad, India, [[Estonian Biocentre]] and [[University of Tartu]] has published dozens of papers on origin and migrations of South Asian populations. Apart from these many Indian students and researchers are working currently in [[University of Tartu]] and [[Tallinn University of Technology]]. Gyaneshwer Chaubey was the first Indian student in [[University of Tartu]] defended his PhD theses in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.ut.ee/from-34c-in-india-to-32c-in-estonia/ |title=From +34°C in India to -32°C in Estonia }}</ref> Later in 2015, Chandana Basu became the first female Indian student to complete her PhD.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ut.ee/en/events/chandana-basu-mallick-genetics-adaptive-traits-and-gender-specific-demographic-processes/ |title=Chandana Basu Mallick "Genetics of adaptive traits and gender-specific demographic processes in South Asian populations" |date=3 December 2014 }}</ref>

== Agreements ==
Estonia and India have several agreements on co-operations on subjects varying from Science and Technology to Culture, Education, Science, Sports, Arts, Mass Media, Tourism and Youth Affairs.<ref name=Estonia/><ref name=bilateral/> In 1999 India and Estonia signed a joint business council agreement to increase investment and trade between the two countries.<ref>{{cite news |title=India, Estonia sign pact to boost trade relations |url=http://www.financialexpress.com/old/fe/daily/19990207/fec07016p.html |work=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]] |year=1999 |access-date=2009-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514235032/http://www.financialexpress.com/old/fe/daily/19990207/fec07016p.html |archive-date=14 May 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Declaration of Principles and Directions of Co-operation between the Republic of Estonia and the Republic of India which came into force 15 October 1993
* Agreement on Co-operation in the Fields of Science and Technology which came into force on August 6, 1999<ref name=science/>
* Agreement on Co-operation in the Spheres of Culture, Education, Science, Sports, Arts, Mass Media, Tourism and Youth Affairs which came into force 11 November 1999
* Agreement on Economic and Technical Co-operation which came into force 13 March 2000
* Agreement on Trade and Economic Co-operation which came into force 24 August 2004<ref name=kantsler/>

==See also==
* [[Foreign relations of Estonia]]
* [[Foreign relations of India]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Relations of Estonia and India}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070803031548/http://www.mfa.ee/eng/kat_176/1468.html Estonian Ministry of foreign Affairs about the relation with India]
* [http://www.indianembassy.fi/ Indian embassy in Helsinki (also accredited to Estonia)]

{{Foreign relations of Estonia}}
{{Foreign relations of India}}
{{Portal bar|Politics|Estonia|India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Estonia-India Relations}}
[[Category:Bilateral relations of Estonia|India]] 
[[Category:Bilateral relations of India|Estonia]]

Estonia–India relations - Revision history

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

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