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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Erich
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = hi
| other_name = Erach
| nickname =
| settlement_type = city
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh#India3
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|25|47|07|N|79|05|28|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jhansi district|Jhansi]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 8523
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 284302
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 05171
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#UP.E2.80.94Uttar Pradesh|UP]]-93
| website = {{URL|up.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Erich''' is a town and a [[nagar panchayat]] in [[Jhansi district]] in the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]. In ancient period it was known as ''Erikachha'' or ''Erakachha'' and according to a Buddhist text, the [[Petavatthu]] it was one of the major cities of the [[Dasharna|Dasanna]] [[janapada]].

==History==
[[Prahlada|Bhakt Prahlad]] was born in Erich and Holika Dehan first took place Erich. The names of a number of rulers of Erich during the post-Maurya period are found from the coins issued by them. They are Sahasamitra, Ishvaramitra, Sahasrasena, Mitrasena, Amitasena and Maha (sena?).<ref>Bhandare, S. (2006). ''Numismatics and History: The Maurya-Gupta Interlude in the Gangetic Plain'' in P. Olivelle ed. ''Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE'', New York: Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|0-19-568935-6}}, p.90</ref>

At the time of the Mughal emperor [[Akbar]], Erich was the seat of a [[Sarkar (administrative division)|sarkar]] in [[Agra Subah]].<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite book |last1=Drake-Brockman |first1=D.L. |title=Jhansi: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XXIV Of The District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh |date=1929 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |pages=191-2, 254-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.281580 |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref> It also formed a constituent [[Mahalla|mahal]] of the sarkar.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The sarkar of Erich covered all of today's [[Jhansi district]] and much of the former [[Orchha State]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> How far south it extended is unclear, but it probably bordered the sarkar of [[Kanauj (Malwa)|Kanauj]] (or [[Garha Mandla]]) in [[Malwa]] subah.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The mahal of Erich was mostly in today's Jhansi district and also included parts of what is now [[Jalaun district]] and what used to be [[Samthar State]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

There are many historical structures in Erich that date from this period of importance.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Its old fort is of Muslim construction, built out of earlier Hindu materials, with a small part near the river representing the original structure.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In the fort is the [[Jama Masjid]], which was built in 815 [[Hijri year|AH]] (1413 CE) by Ghazi Zia-ud-Din, the brother of the [[jagirdar]] under [[Mahmud Shah]]{{dn|date=June 2021}}.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Later additions were made during the reign of [[Aurangzeb]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The mosque structure consists of several small domes clustered around the large central dome, each one supported by massive columns.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> At the corners of the mosque are four old Hindu pillars.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Outside, there are cloisters with similar pillars.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The mosque's walls and arches are made out of stone and brick, and feature red, blue, yellow, and green detailing.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

The old city walls, now in ruins, were probably built during the reign of Akbar, when the [[Rairavan]] besieged and captured the city (where [[Bir Singh Deo]] had taken refuge after assassinating [[Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak|Abu'l-Fazl]]).<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The walls themselves are built from large stones with no mortar.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Along the walls are five gates, with inscriptions on two of them bearing the date 1055 AH, or 1645 CE.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Beyond the walls, in the historical suburbs, there are the remains of numerous mosques and mausoleums which, like the fort and jama masjid, are mostly built out of Hindu materials.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

Erich came under [[Bundela]] control during the 17th century, and it appears to have changed hands several times between them and the Mughals in the following years.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> By 1757, Erich had come under [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] control, and then it became part of [[Jhansi State]] until its annexation by the British.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

In the early 20th century, Erich's marketplace was described as mostly dealing in agricultural produce and locally produced textiles, with the main cloth items being [[chintz]] and [[chunari]]s (i.e. head-and-shoulder coverings worn by women, often dyed red or yellow with contrasting floral or spotted patterns).<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

==Demographics==
{{As of | 2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Erach had a population of 8,523. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Erach has an average literacy rate of 51%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 63%, and female literacy is 37%. In Erach, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Jhansi district}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Jhansi district]]

{{Jhansi-geo-stub}}

Erich, Uttar Pradesh - Revision history

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