Eric Smith (British Army officer) - Revision history

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	{{Short description\|British Army officer and military historian}}		{{Short description\|British Army officer and military historian (1923–1998)}}
	{{EngvarB\|date=November 2017}}		{{EngvarB\|date=November 2017}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2017}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2017}}
	{{Infobox military person		{{Infobox military person
	\| name =Eric Smith		\| name =Eric (E D) Smith
	\| image =		\| image =
	\| caption =		\| caption =
	\| birth_name = Eric David Smith		\| birth_name = Eric David Smith
	\| birth_date =August 1923		\| birth_date =19 August 1923
	\| death_date =7 March 1998		\| death_date =7 March 1998
	\| birth_place =[[Cupar]], Fife, Scotland		\| birth_place =[[Cupar]], Fife, Scotland
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	\| unit =		\| unit =
	\| commands =		\| commands =
	\| battles =[[Second World War]]<br>[[Malaysia-Indonesia Confrontation]]		\| battles =[[Second World War]]<br>[[Malayan Emergency]]<br>[[Malaysia-Indonesia Confrontation]]
	\| awards =[[Order of the British Empire\|CBE]]<br>[[Distinguished Service Order\|DSO]]		\| awards =[[Order of the British Empire\|MBE]], [[Order of the British Empire\|CBE]]<br>[[Distinguished Service Order\|DSO]]
	\| relations =		\| relations =
	\| laterwork =		\| laterwork =
	}}		}}
	Brigadier '''Eric David''' "'''Birdie'''" '''Smith''' [[Order of the British Empire\|CBE]] [[Distinguished Service Order\|DSO]] (August 1923 – 7 March 1998) was a senior [[British Army]] officer and [[military historian]] who was awarded the [[Distinguished Service Order]], for leadership and gallantry on 3 September 1944, whilst serving with the 2nd Battalion, the [[7th Gurkha Rifles]] in Italy, during the [[Second World War]]. Smith later commanded the 1st/2nd Gurkhas in [[Borneo]] ~~during the~~ [[~~Malaysia-Indonesia Confrontation~~]]. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1975.		Brigadier '''Eric David''' "'''Birdie'''" '''Smith''' [[Order of the British Empire\|CBE]] [[Distinguished Service Order\|DSO]] (19 August 1923 – 7 March 1998) was a senior [[British Army]] officer and [[military historian]] who was awarded the [[Distinguished Service Order]], for leadership and gallantry on 3 September 1944, whilst serving with the 2nd Battalion, the [[7th Gurkha Rifles]] in Italy, during the [[Second World War]]. Smith later commanded the 1st/2nd Gurkhas in the [[Borneo Confrontation]], [[Hong Kong]] and [[Brunei]]. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1975.

	==Early life==		==Early life==
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	==Military career==		==Military career==

	He joined the 4th Indian Division in Italy and fought at Castle Hill during the [[Battle of Monte Cassino]].<ref name="oral history" /> Later in the Italian campaign, at midnight on 3 September 1944, Smith led ~~Letter~~ C ~~company~~, 2nd Battalion, the 7th Gurkha Rifles in the attack on [[Tavoleto]], on the [[Gothic Line]], which was heavily defended. The Gurkhas attack was met by heavy enemy machine gun fire and later a heavy mortar barrage. Smith although wounded in the leg, killed all the occupants of the first Spandau post encountered with grenades and machine-gun fire; he continued to lead his company which during the fierce fighting was reduced from approximately 100 men to 28 and successfully cleared the village. He was awarded the DSO for his leadership and gallantry ~~whilst wounded during the attack~~.~~[10]~~<ref name="Herald" />		He joined the 4th Indian Division in Italy and fought at Castle Hill during the [[Battle of Monte Cassino]].<ref name="oral history" /> Later in the Italian campaign, at midnight on 3 September 1944, Smith led C Company, 2nd Battalion, the 7th Gurkha Rifles in the attack on [[Tavoleto]], on the [[Gothic Line]], which was heavily defended. The Gurkhas' attack was met by heavy enemy machine gun fire and later a heavy mortar barrage. Smith although wounded in the leg, killed all the occupants of the first Spandau post encountered with grenades and machine-gun fire; he continued to lead his company which during the fierce fighting was reduced from approximately 100 men to 28 and successfully cleared the village. He was awarded the DSO for his leadership and gallantry.<ref name="Herald" /> The 7th Gurkha Rifles was awarded the battle honour 'Tavoleto' for this action which is held today by its successor regiment [[The Royal Gurkha Rifles]].

	He later served in [[Greece]] from November 1944 to 1946 and in [[India]] from 1946 to 1947~~. He also attended the [[Staff College, Camberley]]~~. He served as a Gurkha recruiting officer in [[Darjeeling]], India, from 1948 to 1950.<ref name="oral history" /> He served as an intelligence officer in the [[Malayan Emergency]] from 1950 to 1956 and ~~also~~ served in the [[~~Cyprus Emergency~~]].~~<ref name="Herald" />~~		He later served in [[Greece]] from November 1944 to 1946 and in [[India]] from 1946 to 1947. He served as a Gurkha recruiting officer in [[Darjeeling]], India, from 1948 to 1950.<ref name="oral history" /> He served as an intelligence officer and company commander with 2nd/7th Gurkhas in the [[Malayan Emergency]] and Hong Kong from 1950 to 1955.<ref name="Herald" /> He attended the [[Staff College, Camberley]] in 1956 and on graduation served as a staff officer in the [[British Army of the Rhine]] and then with HQ 63 Gurkha Brigade as Deputy Assistant Adjutant & Quartermaster General (DAA&QMG) in Malaya and UK.

	In 1962 Smith was posted to ~~[[Borneo]]~~ as ~~second~~-in-~~command~~ of 1/7th Gurkhas.<ref name="Herald" /><ref name="oral history" /> On 20 April 1964 he was involved in a helicopter crash in the Borneo jungle.<ref name="obit">Obituary Major-General Patrick Crawford, The Daily Telegraph 23 March 2009.</ref> The Journey made on a Wessex helicopter commenced at [[Sibu]], Sarawak, and the destination was a forward company base operating north of the Indonesian border.<ref name="savage p 92" /><ref name="obit" /> Following the crash, to free him from the wreckage, his right arm was amputated by the battalion's medical officer Captain, later Major-General [[Patrick Crawford]] using an Army clasp knife. During the amputation he was fully conscious.<ref name="Herald" /> He was later taken by another helicopter to [[Kuching]] for further surgery.<ref name="savage p 93">{{Cite book \|title=The Savage Wars of Peace: Soldiers' Voices, 1945–89 \|year=1990 \|publisher=Michael Joseph \|isbn=978-0718128821 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/93 93] \|url=https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/93 }}</ref> ~~He remained~~ in Borneo ~~and a year~~ after the helicopter crash ~~took over~~ command of the 1st/2nd Gurkhas.<ref name="Herald" /><ref name="savage p 92">{{Cite book \|title=The Savage Wars of Peace: Soldiers' Voices, 1945-89 \|year=1990 \|publisher=Michael Joseph \|isbn=978-0718128821 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/92 92] \|url=https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/92 }}</ref> He remained in command of the 1st/2nd Gurkhas following their move to Hong Kong.<ref name="Herald" />		In 1962 Smith was posted to Malaya as Second-in-Command of 1/7th Gurkhas and deployed with the Battalion to [[Borneo]].<ref name="Herald" /><ref name="oral history" /> On 20 April 1964 he was involved in a helicopter crash in the Borneo jungle.<ref name="obit">Obituary Major-General Patrick Crawford, The Daily Telegraph 23 March 2009.</ref> The Journey made on a Wessex helicopter commenced at [[Sibu]], Sarawak, and the destination was a forward company base operating north of the Indonesian border.<ref name="savage p 92" /><ref name="obit" /> Following the crash, to free him from the wreckage, his right arm was amputated by the battalion's medical officer Captain, later Major-General [[Patrick Crawford]] using an Army clasp knife. During the amputation he was fully conscious.<ref name="Herald" /> He was later taken by another helicopter to [[Kuching]] for further surgery.<ref name="savage p 93">{{Cite book \|title=The Savage Wars of Peace: Soldiers' Voices, 1945–89 \|year=1990 \|publisher=Michael Joseph \|isbn=978-0718128821 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/93 93] \|url=https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/93 }}</ref> After rehabilitation in UK, he returned to operations in Borneo 18 months after losing his arm in the helicopter crash, taking command of the 1st/2nd Gurkhas.<ref name="Herald" /><ref name="savage p 92">{{Cite book \|title=The Savage Wars of Peace: Soldiers' Voices, 1945-89 \|year=1990 \|publisher=Michael Joseph \|isbn=978-0718128821 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/92 92] \|url=https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/92 }}</ref> He remained in command of the 1st/2nd Gurkhas following their move to Hong Kong and then as the first resident battalion at [[Seria]], Brunei.<ref name="Herald" />

	His final ~~post was~~ commanding the ~~Gurkha recruiting bases~~ in [[Nepal]].<ref name="Herald" />		His final posts were commanding the Brigade of Gurkhas in [[Nepal]] and as a Vice President of the Army's [[Regular Commissions Board]].<ref name="Herald" />

	He retired from the British Army on 1 June 1978.<ref>{{Cite news\| newspaper=[[The London Gazette]]\|date=12 June 1978}}</ref>		He retired from the British Army on 1 June 1978.<ref>{{Cite news\| newspaper=[[The London Gazette]]\|date=12 June 1978}}</ref>
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	Smith was Colonel of the 7th Gurkhas from 1975 to 1982.<ref name="Herald" /><ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=46685 \|date=16 September 1975 \|page=11642 \|supp=y}}</ref> He was appointed MBE in 1952 and CBE in 1975.<ref name="Herald" /><ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=49142 \|date=19 October 1982 \|page=13583 \|supp=y}}</ref><ref>Supplement to London Gazette 1 January 1975.</ref>		Smith was Colonel of the 7th Gurkhas from 1975 to 1982.<ref name="Herald" /><ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=46685 \|date=16 September 1975 \|page=11642 \|supp=y}}</ref> He was appointed MBE in 1952 and CBE in 1975.<ref name="Herald" /><ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=49142 \|date=19 October 1982 \|page=13583 \|supp=y}}</ref><ref>Supplement to London Gazette 1 January 1975.</ref>

	Smith died on 7 March 1998. He was survived by his wife and ~~two~~ daughters.<ref name="Herald" />		Smith died on 7 March 1998. He was survived by his wife Jill and daughters Joanna and Beverly.<ref name="Herald" />

	== Works ==		== Works ==

	Smith was the author of several books ~~on Gurkha history~~,<ref name="Herald" /> including:		Smith was the author of several books,<ref name="Herald" /> including:

			* {{Cite book \|last=Smith \|first=Eric \|author-mask=0 \|title=Even the Brave Falter \|year=1978 \|publisher=Robert Hale \|isbn=0709168195}}
	* {{Cite book \|last=Smith \|first=Eric \|author-mask=0 \|title=East of Katmandu The Story of the 7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles \|year=1976 \|isbn=9780850522112}}		* {{Cite book \|last=Smith \|first=Eric \|author-mask=0 \|title=East of Katmandu The Story of the 7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles \|year=1976 \|isbn=9780850522112}}
	* {{Cite book \|last=Smith \|first=Eric \|author-mask=0 \|title=Britain's Brigade of Gurkhas \|year=1983 \|publisher=Leo Cooper (Famous regiments) \|isbn=9780436475108}}		* {{Cite book \|last=Smith \|first=Eric \|author-mask=0 \|title=Britain's Brigade of Gurkhas \|year=1983 \|publisher=Leo Cooper (Famous regiments) \|isbn=9780436475108}}
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	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}
	* Supplement to the London Gazette, 8 March 1945.		* Supplement to the London Gazette, 8 March 1945.

			{{Authority control}}

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Smith, Eric}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Smith, Eric}}
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	[[Category:British Indian Army officers]]		[[Category:British Indian Army officers]]
	[[Category:British Army personnel of the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation]]		[[Category:British Army personnel of the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation]]
	[[Category:British ~~Army~~ brigadiers]]		[[Category:British brigadiers]]
	[[Category:Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley]]		[[Category:Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley]]
	[[Category:Military personnel from Fife]]		[[Category:Military personnel from Fife]]

WikiDwarf at 16:03, 7 June 2023

2023-06-07T16:03:48Z

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			{{Short description\|British Army officer and military historian}}
	{{EngvarB\|date=November 2017}}		{{EngvarB\|date=November 2017}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2017}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2017}}
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	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}
	* Supplement to the London Gazette, 8 March 1945.		* Supplement to the London Gazette, 8 March 1945.

	~~{{Authority control}}~~

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Smith, Eric}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Smith, Eric}}

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← Older revision		Revision as of 19:43, 10 June 2022
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	{{EngvarB\|date=November ~~2022~~}}		{{EngvarB\|date=November 2017}}
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	{{Infobox military person		{{Infobox military person
	\| name =Eric Smith		\| name =Eric Smith
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	==Early life==		==Early life==

	Birdie Smith, was born in [[Cupar]], Fife, [[Scotland]] in August 1923.<ref name="Herald">{{cite news\| title=Obituary \|newspaper=The Herald\|location=Glasgow \|date=24 March 1998}}</ref> He was nicknamed Birdie because his nose was considered to resemble a bird's beak. He was educated at [[Allhallows College]], Dorset.<ref name="Herald" /> He joined the [[British Indian Army\|Indian Army]] in 1941 and following attendance at the Officer Training Unit at [[Bangalore]] was commissioned and posted to the [[7th Gurkha Rifles]] in 1942.<ref name="Herald" /> He served with the 2nd/7th Gurkhas in [[India]] and [[Palestine (region)\|Palestine]] from 1942 to 1944.<ref name="oral history">{{cite web \| url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/80014193 \| title= Smith, Eric David 'Birdie' (Oral history) \| publisher=Imperial War Museums \| date=22 September 1994 \| accessdate=18 October ~~2022~~}}</ref>		Birdie Smith, was born in [[Cupar]], Fife, [[Scotland]] in August 1923.<ref name="Herald">{{cite news\| title=Obituary \|newspaper=The Herald\|location=Glasgow \|date=24 March 1998}}</ref> He was nicknamed Birdie because his nose was considered to resemble a bird's beak. He was educated at [[Allhallows College]], Dorset.<ref name="Herald" /> He joined the [[British Indian Army\|Indian Army]] in 1941 and following attendance at the Officer Training Unit at [[Bangalore]] was commissioned and posted to the [[7th Gurkha Rifles]] in 1942.<ref name="Herald" /> He served with the 2nd/7th Gurkhas in [[India]] and [[Palestine (region)\|Palestine]] from 1942 to 1944.<ref name="oral history">{{cite web \| url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/80014193 \| title= Smith, Eric David 'Birdie' (Oral history) \| publisher=Imperial War Museums \| date=22 September 1994 \| accessdate=18 October 2016}}</ref>

	==Military career==		==Military career==

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{{EngvarB|date=November 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox military person
| name =Eric Smith
| image =
| caption =
| birth_name = Eric David Smith
| birth_date =August 1923
| death_date =7 March 1998
| birth_place =[[Cupar]], Fife, Scotland
| death_place =
| nickname =Birdie
| allegiance =United Kingdom
| branch ={{army|United Kingdom}}
| serviceyears =1942–1978
| rank =Brigadier
| unit =
| commands =
| battles =[[Second World War]]<br>[[Malaysia-Indonesia Confrontation]]
| awards =[[Order of the British Empire|CBE]]<br>[[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]]
| relations =
| laterwork =
}}
Brigadier '''Eric David''' "'''Birdie'''" '''Smith''' [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] [[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]] (August 1923 – 7 March 1998) was a senior [[British Army]] officer and [[military historian]] who was awarded the [[Distinguished Service Order]], for leadership and gallantry on 3 September 1944, whilst serving with the 2nd Battalion, the [[7th Gurkha Rifles]] in Italy, during the [[Second World War]]. Smith later commanded the 1st/2nd Gurkhas in [[Borneo]] during the [[Malaysia-Indonesia Confrontation]]. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1975.

==Early life==

Birdie Smith, was born in [[Cupar]], Fife, [[Scotland]] in August 1923.<ref name="Herald">{{cite news| title=Obituary |newspaper=The Herald|location=Glasgow |date=24 March 1998}}</ref> He was nicknamed Birdie because his nose was considered to resemble a bird's beak. He was educated at [[Allhallows College]], Dorset.<ref name="Herald" /> He joined the [[British Indian Army|Indian Army]] in 1941 and following attendance at the Officer Training Unit at [[Bangalore]] was commissioned and posted to the [[7th Gurkha Rifles]] in 1942.<ref name="Herald" /> He served with the 2nd/7th Gurkhas in [[India]] and [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] from 1942 to 1944.<ref name="oral history">{{cite web | url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/80014193 | title= Smith, Eric David 'Birdie' (Oral history) | publisher=Imperial War Museums | date=22 September 1994 | accessdate=18 October 2022}}</ref>

==Military career==

He joined the 4th Indian Division in Italy and fought at Castle Hill during the [[Battle of Monte Cassino]].<ref name="oral history" /> Later in the Italian campaign, at midnight on 3 September 1944, Smith led Letter C company, 2nd Battalion, the 7th Gurkha Rifles in the attack on [[Tavoleto]], on the [[Gothic Line]], which was heavily defended. The Gurkhas attack was met by heavy enemy machine gun fire and later a heavy mortar barrage. Smith although wounded in the leg, killed all the occupants of the first Spandau post encountered with grenades and machine-gun fire; he continued to lead his company which during the fierce fighting was reduced from approximately 100 men to 28 and successfully cleared the village. He was awarded the DSO for his leadership and gallantry whilst wounded during the attack.[10]<ref name="Herald" />

He later served in [[Greece]] from November 1944 to 1946 and in [[India]] from 1946 to 1947. He also attended the [[Staff College, Camberley]]. He served as a Gurkha recruiting officer in [[Darjeeling]], India, from 1948 to 1950.<ref name="oral history" /> He served as an intelligence officer in the [[Malayan Emergency]] from 1950 to 1956 and also served in the [[Cyprus Emergency]].<ref name="Herald" />

In 1962 Smith was posted to [[Borneo]] as second-in-command of 1/7th Gurkhas.<ref name="Herald" /><ref name="oral history" /> On 20 April 1964 he was involved in a helicopter crash in the Borneo jungle.<ref name="obit">Obituary Major-General Patrick Crawford, The Daily Telegraph 23 March 2009.</ref> The Journey made on a Wessex helicopter commenced at [[Sibu]], Sarawak, and the destination was a forward company base operating north of the Indonesian border.<ref name="savage p 92" /><ref name="obit" /> Following the crash, to free him from the wreckage, his right arm was amputated by the battalion's medical officer Captain, later Major-General [[Patrick Crawford]] using an Army clasp knife. During the amputation he was fully conscious.<ref name="Herald" /> He was later taken by another helicopter to [[Kuching]] for further surgery.<ref name="savage p 93">{{Cite book |title=The Savage Wars of Peace: Soldiers' Voices, 1945–89 |year=1990 |publisher=Michael Joseph |isbn=978-0718128821 |page=[https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/93 93] |url=https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/93 }}</ref> He remained in Borneo and a year after the helicopter crash took over command of the 1st/2nd Gurkhas.<ref name="Herald" /><ref name="savage p 92">{{Cite book |title=The Savage Wars of Peace: Soldiers' Voices, 1945-89 |year=1990 |publisher=Michael Joseph |isbn=978-0718128821 |page=[https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/92 92] |url=https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac00char/page/92 }}</ref> He remained in command of the 1st/2nd Gurkhas following their move to Hong Kong.<ref name="Herald" />

His final post was commanding the Gurkha recruiting bases in [[Nepal]].<ref name="Herald" />

He retired from the British Army on 1 June 1978.<ref>{{Cite news| newspaper=[[The London Gazette]]|date=12 June 1978}}</ref>

==Honours and later life==

Smith was Colonel of the 7th Gurkhas from 1975 to 1982.<ref name="Herald" /><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=46685 |date=16 September 1975 |page=11642 |supp=y}}</ref> He was appointed MBE in 1952 and CBE in 1975.<ref name="Herald" /><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=49142 |date=19 October 1982 |page=13583 |supp=y}}</ref><ref>Supplement to London Gazette 1 January 1975.</ref>

Smith died on 7 March 1998. He was survived by his wife and two daughters.<ref name="Herald" />

== Works ==

Smith was the author of several books on Gurkha history,<ref name="Herald" /> including:

* {{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Eric |author-mask=0 |title=East of Katmandu The Story of the 7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles |year=1976 |isbn=9780850522112}}
* {{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Eric |author-mask=0 |title=Britain's Brigade of Gurkhas |year=1983 |publisher=Leo Cooper (Famous regiments) |isbn=9780436475108}}
* {{cite book|last=Smith|first=Eric |author-mask=0 |year=1985|title=Counter-Insurgency Operations. 1, Malaya and Borneo|location=London|publisher=Ian Allan|isbn=9780711014626}}
* {{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Eric |author-mask=0 |title=VALOUR - A History of the Gurkhas |publisher=Spellmount Staplehurst |year=1997 |isbn=1873376588}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* Supplement to the London Gazette, 8 March 1945.

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Smith, Eric}}
[[Category:1998 deaths]]
[[Category:1923 births]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order]]
[[Category:Royal Gurkha Rifles officers]]
[[Category:Indian Army personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:People educated at Allhallows College]]
[[Category:People from Cupar]]
[[Category:British Indian Army officers]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation]]
[[Category:British Army brigadiers]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Fife]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Malayan Emergency]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Cyprus Emergency]]
[[Category:Scottish amputees]]