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{{Short description|British Indologist and Classical scholar (1857–1926)}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Edward Vernon Arnold
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1857|07|18|df=y}}
| birth_place = South Norwood
| occupation = Indologist and Classical scholar
| death_date = {{death date and age|1926|09|19|1857|07|18|df=y}}
| notable_works = Vedic grammar; Vedic metre; Roman stoicism
}}

'''Edward Vernon Arnold''' (18 July 1857 – 19 September 1926) was a British Indologist and classical scholar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edward Vernon Arnold (1857–1926) |url=https://data.bnf.fr/14351384/edward_vernon_arnold/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530074235/https://data.bnf.fr/14351384/edward_vernon_arnold/ |archive-date=May 30, 2023 |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=data.bnf.fr |language=fr}}</ref> His most important work was a mathematically-based study of the internal chronology of the hymns of the [[Rigveda]].

==Education==
After attending [[Westminster School]] he studied at the University of Cambridge ([[Trinity College, Cambridge|Trinity College]]), graduating in 1879 (B.A., 1st class Classical and Mathematical Triposes; M.A. 1882) then at the [[University of Tübingen]] (under the Sanskrit scholar [[Rudolf von Roth]]).<ref name="Karttunen-2017">{{Cite web |date=2017-02-01 |title=Arnold, Edward Vernon | website=Persons of Indian Studies | first=Klaus | last=Karttunen |url=https://whowaswho-indology.info/317/arnold-edward-vernon/ |access-date=2023-05-28 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Career==
A fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, from 1884 to 1924 he was Professor of Latin at the [[Bangor University|University College of North Wales in Bangor]]. He was awarded Litt.D. at Cambridge in 1907, and Hon. D.Litt. at Manchester University in 1919. In addition to his work on Vedic Sanskrit, he published a number of textbooks on Classical studies, most notably on the pedagogical pronunciation of Latin and Greek, and on Roman [[Stoicism]].

Arnold was involved in Welsh protests against the [[Armenian genocide|Armenian massacres]] of 1894 to 1896 by Turkish troops, editing a newspaper titled ''Wales and Armenia – Cymru unllais''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wales and Armenia |url=https://blog.library.wales/wales-and-armenia/ |website=National Library of Wales Blog |first=Wyn |last=Thomas |date=24 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Arnold |first1=E.V. |title=Wales and Armenia |url=https://journals.library.wales/view/2975637/2975665/3#?xywh=192%2C2318%2C4876%2C2538&c=&m=&s=&cv=3&manifest=https%3A%2F%2Fdamsssl.llgc.org.uk%2Fiiif%2F2.0%2F2975637%2Fmanifest.json |website=The National Library of Wales |access-date=20 February 2023}}</ref>

==Arnold's work on Vedic grammar and metre==
Arnold's study of [[Vedic Sanskrit grammar]] appeared in 1897.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Arnold |first1=Edward Vernon |title=Historical Vedic Grammar (Sketch of the historical grammar of the Rig and Atharva Vedas) |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |date=1897 |volume=18 | number=2 |pages=203–354|doi=10.2307/592303 |jstor=592303 }}</ref> However, his most important work was on the internal chronology of the hymns of the [[Rigveda]], culminating in his book ''Vedic Metre in its Historical Development''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Arnold |first1=Edward Vernon |title=Vedic metre in its historical development |date=1905 |publisher=Cambridge University Press}}</ref> In the opinion of [[Stephanie W. Jamison]] "The most important attempt at a complete chronology is that of Arnold 1905, based primarily on metrical criteria".<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jamison |first1=Stephanie |title=The Rig Veda between two worlds: four lectures at the Collège de France |journal=Publications de l'Institut de Civilisation Indienne |date=2007 |volume=fasc.74}}</ref> In the opinion of Philipp Kubisch "the stanza and verse types of the Rgveda (RV) have been described in detail for the first time by Hermann Oldenberg in ... his ''Die Hymnen des Rigveda'' (1888: 1–190) and even more comprehensively by Edward Vernon Arnold in his monograph ''Vedic Metre in its Historical Development'' (1905)".<ref>Kubisch, Philipp (2007) "The metrical and prosodical structures of Books I–VII of the Vulgate Atharvavedasamhita" in Arlo Griffiths, Annette Schmiedchen (eds) ''The Atharvaveda and its Paippalādaśākhā: Historical and philological papers on a Vedic tradition''. Aachen: Shaker. ''Indologica Halensis'', volume 11. {{ISBN|978-3-8322-6255-6}}. {{HAL|halshs-01929253}}.</ref> The importance of Arnold's mathematical approach to the study of metre is pointed out by Saul Migron: "Unfortunately, our task is rendered difficult by the state of our knowledge in Rgvedic metrics. E. V. Arnold's Vedic Metre of 1905 is usually made the basis of our pronouncements – with perfect justice, since in it the data are presented with computer-like accuracy".<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Migron |first1=Saul |year=1976 |title=Vedic trimeter verse and the Sievers-Edgerton Law |journal=Indo-Iranian Journal |volume=18 |issue=3/4 |pages=179–193}}</ref> [[Arthur Berriedale Keith]] wrote in 1906 "Every student of Vedic chronology owes a great debt to the labour expended by Dr. Arnold on the collection of materials to determine the chronological sequence of the several parts of the Rgveda".<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Keith |first1=J. Berriedale |title=Review of E. V. Arnold ''Vedic Metre in its Historical Development'' |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society |date=1906 |volume=38 | number=2 |pages=484–490}}</ref>

==Family==
Arnold was a son of the Reverend Charles Maddock Arnold,<ref name="Karttunen-2017" /> Vicar of Saint Mark’s, [[South Norwood]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=October 1926 |title=Obituary |magazine=The Elizabethan |volume=18 |number=10 |url=https://elizabethan.westminster.org.uk/Filename.ashx?tableName=ta_elizabethan&columnName=filename&recordId=462 |access-date=18 October 2023 |via=Westminster School |page=150}}</ref> He married Violet Osborn in 1894. They had two daughters and three sons.<ref name="Karttunen-2017" />

==Selected publications==

* Arnold, Edward Vernon (1897). "Historical Vedic Grammar (Sketch of the historical grammar of the Rig and Atharva Vedas)". ''Journal of the American Oriental Society''. 18:2: 203–354.
** Reprint: ''Historical Vedic Grammar.'' New Haven, Connecticut: The American Oriental Society, 1897. [https://books.google.com/books?id=tgowAAAAYAAJ Google Books].
*Arnold, Edward Vernon (1905). ''Vedic Metre in its Historical Development''. Cambridge University Press.
*Arnold, E. V. and Conway, R. S. (1908) ''The Restored Pronunciation of Greek and Latin'', 4th edition. Cambridge University Press.
*Arnold, Edward Vernon (1911). ''Roman Stoicism; being lectures on the history of the Stoic philosophy with special reference to its development within the Roman Empire''. Cambridge University Press.
*Arnold, E. V. (1912) ''Cothvrnvlvs: Three Short Latin Historical Plays for the Use of Beginners''. London: G. Bell.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Arnold, Edward Vernon}}
[[Category:Academics of Bangor University]]
[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Manchester]]
[[Category:British Indologists]]
[[Category:British Latinists]]
[[Category:British newspaper editors]]
[[Category:British Sanskrit scholars]]
[[Category:People from Croydon]]
[[Category:People of the Armenian genocide]]
[[Category:Sanskrit grammarians]]
[[Category:University of Tübingen alumni]]
[[Category:1857 births]]
[[Category:1926 deaths]]

Edward Vernon Arnold - Revision history

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