>BrownHairedGirl: some ref cleanup tags should be AFTER , replaced: {{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}} → {{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}}

2021-12-28T02:00:53Z

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{{Short description|Israeli ground-based missile-defense radar by Elta}}
{{For|UHF communications|Green Pine (communications)}}
{{good article}}
{{Infobox Radar
|name = EL/M-2080 Green Pine
|image = EL-M-2080 Super Green Pine.gif
|caption = Green Pine Block-B antenna
|country = [[Israel]]
|introdate = 1995
|number =
|type = Transportable multimode solid state active phased array radar.
|prf =
|frequency = [[Ultra high frequency|UHF]] and [[L band]] <br />500 - 2,000 MHz
|pulsewidth= 
|RPM = 
|range = {{convert|500|km|mi|abbr=on}} to 900 km (560 mi)
|altitude = 
|diameter = {{convert|9|m|ft|abbr=on}} × {{convert|3|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|azimuth = 
|elevation = 
|precision = ±{{convert|4|m|ft|sp=us}}
|power = Classified, but could be used as a directed-energy device.<ref name="dew"/>
|other names= ''Oren Yarok''
}}

The EL/M-2080 '''Green Pine''' ({{lang-he|אורן ירוק}}, {{IPA-he|oʁen jaʁok|pron}}) is an Israeli ground-based missile-defense [[radar]] produced by [[Elta]], a [[subsidiary]] of [[Israel Aerospace Industries]], to operate mainly with the [[Arrow (Israeli missile)|Arrow]] [[missile defense|theater missile defense system]] of Israel, which is jointly funded and produced with the [[United States]]. Green Pine was exported to [[India]], and its advanced version, the Green Pine Block-B, was delivered to [[South Korea]] at a cost of $83 million apiece, and to [[Azerbaijan]]. The [[Israeli Air Defense Command]] within the [[Israeli Air Force]] (IAF) of the [[Israel Defense Forces]] (IDF) operates both Green Pine radars and Green Pine Block-B radars as an integral part of the Arrow system.

==History==
{{main|Arrow (Israeli missile)#Development}}

The Arrow program was launched as a response to the acquisition by [[Arab League|Arab states]] of long range [[surface-to-surface missile]]s.<ref name=iafs>{{cite web | publisher = [[Israeli Air Force]] | title= Israel Aircraft Industries 'Arrow' ('Hetz') – Systems | url = http://www.iaf.org.il/Templates/Aircraft/Aircraft.IN.aspx?lang=EN&lobbyID=69&folderID=87&docfolderID=907&docID=18137&currentPageNumber=6 | access-date=2009-08-24}}</ref><ref name=dtic>{{cite web | first = Guermantes E. |last=Lailari | title = Israel's national missile defense strategy | publisher = [[Defense Technical Information Center]] | date = April 2001 | url = http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA407050&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | access-date = 2009-09-22 }}</ref> The United States and Israel signed a [[memorandum of understanding]] to co-fund it in 1986,<ref name=global>{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/systems/arrow.htm |first=John E. |last=Pike |author-link = John E. Pike |publisher=GlobalSecurity.org |title=Arrow theater missile defense |access-date=2009-08-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.policyalmanac.org/world/archive/crs_israeli-us_relations.shtml |last=Clyde |first=Mark R. |publisher=Almanac of Policy Issues |title=Israeli–United States relations |date=2002-10-17 |access-date=2009-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021104204721/http://www.policyalmanac.org/world/archive/crs_israeli-us_relations.shtml |archive-date=2002-11-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and in 1988 the [[United States Department of Defense]] [[Strategic Defense Initiative|Strategic Defense Initiative Organization]] (SDIO) placed an order with Israel Aircraft Industries for the Arrow 1 technology demonstrator.<ref name=global/><ref name="armytec">{{cite web | publisher =army-technology.com| title = Arrow 2 theater ballistic missile defense system, Israel | url = http://www.army-technology.com/projects/arrow2/ | access-date=2009-08-19}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}}<ref name=tests>{{cite web|publisher=[http://www.mod.gov.il/pages/homa/index.htm Israel Missile Defense Organization] |title=Story of the Arrow weapon system |url=http://www.mod.gov.il/pages/homa/bg.htm |access-date=2009-08-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090908222327/http://www.mod.gov.il/pages/homa/bg.htm |archive-date=2009-09-08 }}</ref> Over the years SDIO was renamed to [[Ballistic Missile Defense Organization]] (BMDO), and later to [[Missile Defense Agency]] (MDA), while Israel Aircraft Industries was renamed to [[Israel Aerospace Industries]]. The [[Gulf War]], which exposed the controversial performance<ref name="fas_patriot">{{citation | url = http://www.fas.org/spp/starwars/congress/1992_h/ | title =The performance of the Patriot missile in the Gulf|author1-link=Theodore Postol |first1= Theodore |last1= Postol | first2= Reuven |last2= Pedatzur | first3= Charles |last3= Zraket |author4-link=Peter Zimmerman |first4= Peter |last4= Zimmerman | publisher = [[Federation of American Scientists]]| date = 1992-04-07}}. Retrieved 2009-10-09.</ref> of the [[MIM-104 Patriot|Patriot missile]] against [[Iraq]]i "[[Al Hussein (missile)|Al Hussein]]" missiles, gave further impetus to the development of the Arrow.<ref name="iafs" /> It was initially designed to intercept missiles such as the [[Scud|SS-1 "Scud"]], its "Al Hussein" derivative, the [[OTR-21 Tochka|SS-21 "Scarab"]] operated by [[Syria]], and the [[Dongfeng (missile)#Dongfeng 3 (CSS-2)|CSS-2]] operated by [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref name=dtic /> The Arrow evolved also with an eye on the advanced missile programs of [[Iran]].

Elta was awarded the contract to develop and manufacture the EL/M-2080 Green Pine radar in 1992.<ref name="video2">{{cite web|url=http://www.iai.co.il/sip_storage/files/9/32419.wmv |format=WMV |publisher=[[Israel Aerospace Industries]] |author=Israel Missile Defense Organization and United States Ballistic Missile Defense Organization |title=Green Pine |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081126035215/http://www.iai.co.il/sip_storage/files/9/32419.wmv |archive-date=November 26, 2008 }}</ref> The Green Pine was developed from the Elta Music [[phased array]] radar,<ref name="armytec"/><ref name="gpj"/> presented in November 1994,<ref name="video2" /> rolled out in 1995,<ref name="uzi">{{cite web |url=http://www.jcpa.org/jl/vp493.htm |publisher=[[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]] |first=Uzi |last=Rubin |author-link= Uzi Rubin |title= Beyond Iraq: missile proliferation in the Middle East |date=2003-03-02 |access-date=2009-09-10}}</ref> and turned operational in November 1998.<ref name="gphis">{{cite web |url=http://www.wisconsinproject.org/countries/israel/Israel-milestones2005.html |publisher=[[Wisconsin Project on Nuclear Arms Control]] |title=Israel missile milestones - 1953-2005 |year=2005 |access-date=2009-09-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706023630/http://www.wisconsinproject.org/countries/israel/Israel-milestones2005.html |archive-date=2010-07-06 }}</ref> The Green Pine has since been used in dozens of tests of the Arrow system.<ref name="tests"/> In 2000 it was revealed that the Green Pine detected the launch of a Syrian Scud-D missile from its base outside [[Aleppo]] in northern [[Syria]], and tracked its full [[trajectory]] until its impact point, some {{convert|700|km|mi|abbr=on}} in the southern desert.<ref name="syria1">{{cite web |url=http://defense-update.com/2005/12/syrian-ambitions-to-develop-strategic.html|publisher=[http://www.defense-update.com/about.htm Defense Update] |title=Syrian ambitions to develop a strategic missile potential |date=2005-12-05 |access-date=2009-09-10}}</ref> In 2005, and in 2008, Green Pine detected and tracked similar drills of Syrian Scuds.<ref name="syria2">{{cite web |url=http://www.missilethreat.com/archives/id.1947/detail.asp |publisher=[[Claremont Institute]] MissileThreat.com |title=Syria tests three Scud missiles |date=2005-06-03 |access-date=2009-09-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014223447/http://missilethreat.com/archives/id.1947/detail.asp |archive-date=2009-10-14 }}</ref><ref name="syria3">{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1012826.html |first=Yuval |last= Azoulay |newspaper= [[Haaretz]] |title=Report: Syria test fires series of long-range missiles |date=2008-08-18 |access-date=2009-09-10}}</ref>

On July 29, 2004, Israel and the United States carried out a joint test at the [[Naval Air Station Point Mugu]] (NAS [[Point Mugu]]) Missile Test Center in [[California]], in which the Arrow interceptor was launched against a real Scud-B missile. The test represented a realistic scenario that could not have been tested in Israel due to test-field safety restrictions.<ref name=global /> To enable the test a full battery was shipped to Point Mugu. The Green Pine radar and [[Command and control (military)|command-and-control]] systems were deployed at the base, while the Arrow launcher was installed {{convert|100|km|mi|abbr=on}} offshore on an island that forms part of the test range.<ref name="Egozi">{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2004/08/03/185346/arrow-destroys-scud-b-target-in-us-ballistic-missile-test.html |publisher=[[Flightglobal.com]] |title=Arrow destroys Scud-B target in US ballistic-missile test |first=Arie |last= Egozi |date=2004-08-03 |access-date=2009-09-12}}</ref> The test was a success, with the interceptor destroying the Scud that flew a {{convert|300|km|mi|abbr=on}} trajectory<ref name="Egozi" /> at an altitude of {{convert|40|km|mi|abbr=on}},<ref name=armytec/><ref name=asro>{{cite web | publisher = [[Encyclopedia Astronautica]] | title= Arrow | url = http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/arrow.htm | access-date=2009-09-21}}</ref><ref name="mdaa2">{{cite web|url=http://www.missiledefenseadvocacy.org/web/page/746/sectionid/557/pagelevel/4/interior.aspx |publisher=[[Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance]] |title=Ground based interceptor Arrow-2 |access-date=2009-10-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090620052448/http://www.missiledefenseadvocacy.org/web/page/746/sectionid/557/pagelevel/4/interior.aspx |archive-date=2009-06-20 }}</ref> west of [[San Nicolas Island]].<ref name="mdalink">{{cite web |url=http://www.mda.mil/global/documents/pdf/04fyi0013.pdf |publisher=[[Missile Defense Agency]] |date=2004-06-29 |title=MDA/Israeli Arrow flight test successful |access-date=2009-11-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207090300/http://www.mda.mil/global/documents/pdf/04fyi0013.pdf |archive-date=2010-12-07 }}</ref> This was the seventh test of the complete system, the first interception of a real Scud.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mod.gov.il/pages/homa/testUS1.htm |publisher=[http://www.mod.gov.il/pages/homa/index.htm Israel Missile Defense Organization] |title=Arrow system test USFT#1 |access-date=2009-08-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090906235806/http://www.mod.gov.il/pages/homa/testUS1.htm |archive-date=2009-09-06 }}</ref>

As of 2012 the Green Pine radar has a proven track record demonstrated in over 20 successful ballistic missile intercepts.<ref name="bl4">{{cite web |url=http://defense-update.com/20120210_super_gereen_pine_bms_test-2.html |publisher=[http://www.defense-update.com/about.htm Defense Update] |first=Tamir |last=Eshel |title=Israel tests Arrow 2 block 4 ATBM with Super Green Pine radar |date=2012-02-10 |access-date=2012-02-11}}</ref>

==Specifications==
{{main|Arrow (Israeli missile)#Specifications}}
[[File:Arrow system.jpg|thumb|256px|Stages of missile interception by the Arrow system, using Green Pine radar.|right|alt=Stages of missile interception by the Arrow system, using Green Pine radar.]]
In contrast to the older [[MIM-104 Patriot#The AN/MPQ-53 and AN/MPQ-65 Radar Set|AN/MPQ-53]] [[Passive Electronically Scanned Array]] (PESA) radar set of the MIM-104 Patriot PAC-2, the Green Pine is an [[active electronically scanned array]] (AESA) solid state radar. Unlike the advanced [[AN/TPY-2]] [[X band]] radar of the [[Terminal High Altitude Area Defense]] system, Green Pine operates at [[L band]] - in the 500 [[MHz]] to 2,000 [[MHz]] range.<ref name=armytec/><ref name="gpj">{{cite web |url=http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-Radar-and-Electronic-Warfare-Systems/EL-M2080-Green-Pine-Israel.html |publisher=[[Jane's Information Group]] |title=EL/M-2080 'Green Pine' (Israel), battlefield, missile control and ground surveillance radar systems |date=2009-10-30 |access-date=2009-08-26}}</ref><ref name=Bar-Joseph>{{cite book| last = Bar-Joseph| first = Uri| title =Israel's national security towards the 21st Century | publisher = Frank Cass Publishers| year = 2001 |pages= 153–154 | isbn = 0-7146-5169-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FdREHqxBo_QC |access-date=2009-09-12}}</ref>

Green Pine reportedly operates in search, detection, tracking, and missile guidance modes simultaneously,<ref name=armytec/><ref name="gpj"/> capable of detecting targets at ranges of up to about {{convert|500|km|mi|abbr=on}}, and is able to track more than 30 targets at speeds over {{convert|3000|m/s|-3|abbr=on}}.<ref name=armytec/><ref name=aw-2012-a3>{{cite magazine |first=David |last=Fulghum |url=http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_09_03_2012_p40-490727.xml |magazine=[[Aviation Week & Space Technology]] |title=Higher-altitude Arrow design to show its potential |date=2012-09-03 |access-date=2012-09-03}}</ref> It discriminates targets from natural clutter and countermeasures,<ref name="deagel">{{cite web |url=http://www.deagel.com/Ground-Sensors/ELM-2080-Green-Pine_a001469001.aspx |publisher=Deagel.com |title=EL/M-2080 Green Pine|date=2009-10-12 |access-date=2009-11-21}}</ref> illuminates the true target and guides the missile to within {{convert|4|m|ft|abbr=on}} of the target.<ref name=armytec/><ref name="gpj2">{{cite web |url=http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-Electronic-Mission-Aircraft/EL-M2083-Israel.html |publisher=[[Jane's Information Group]] |title=EL/M-2083 (Israel), payloads |date=2009-04-09 |access-date=2009-10-12}}</ref>

The [[effective radiated power]] (ERP) of the Green Pine also makes it a possible candidate for conversion into a [[directed-energy weapon]], by focusing pulses of radar energy on target missiles.<ref name="dew" /> The energy spikes are tailored to enter missiles through antennas or sensor apertures where they can fool guidance systems, scramble computer memories or even burn out sensitive electronic components.<ref name="dew">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_generic.jsp?channel=awst&id=news/12195p3.xml&headline=Israel%20Tests%20Improved%20Arrow%20Interceptor |magazine=[[Aviation Week & Space Technology]] |title=Israel tests improved Arrow interceptor|date=2005-12-17 |first=David A. |last=Fulghum |access-date=2009-08-19}}</ref>

The radar system includes a {{convert|9|m|ft|abbr=on}} wide by {{convert|3|m|ft|abbr=on}} high<ref name="gpj" /> [[trailer (vehicle)|trailer]]-mounted rotatable [[Smart antenna|antenna array]], a power system, a cooling system and a radar control center.<ref name=armytec/><ref name=Bar-Joseph/> The power system has both no-break and [[transformer]] containers, with the former including a [[Diesel engine|diesel]] [[Electricity generation|generator]], an [[Inductance|inductive]] clutch control module and a [[diesel fuel]] tank.<ref name="gpj" /> The transformer container houses transformers, a service generator, a [[Current-to-voltage converter|direct current converter]] and switching racks.<ref name="gpj" /> The radar's cooling system is a [[heat exchanger]] that makes use of [[Redundancy (engineering)|inherently redundant]] cascade cooling machines and incorporates an integral [[coolant|coolant tank]] and [[Control panel (engineering)|control panel]]s.<ref name="gpj" /> The radar is made up of 2,000–2,300 transmit–receive modules and weighs {{convert|60|t|lb}}.<ref name="Egozi2">{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2003/07/29/169425/arrow-in-waiting.html |publisher=[[Flightglobal.com]] |title=Arrow in waiting |first=Arie |last= Egozi |date=2003-07-29 |access-date=2009-09-12}}</ref><ref name=janes2300>{{cite journal |year=2002 |title=Jane's international defence review: IDR. |volume=35 |issue=1–6 |page=40 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GvO5AAAAIAAJ |publisher=[[Jane's Information Group]]}}</ref> The system is transportable rather than mobile, as it can be moved to other prepared sites, but cannot be set up just anywhere.<ref name="Egozi2"/> According to its developer, Green Pine's deployment at a new operational site takes "less than 24 hours".<ref name="video2"/>

===Green Pine Block-B===
An advanced version of the radar, called EL/M-2080S Super Green Pine,<ref name="iaia3">{{cite web|url=http://www.iai-global.com/32981-39666-en/default.aspx?PageNum=2 |publisher=[[Israel Aerospace Industries]] |title=IAI develops Arrow 3 interceptor in response to longer range threats |date=2009-06-10 |access-date=2009-08-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712234335/http://www.iai-global.com/32981-39666-en/default.aspx?PageNum=2 |archive-date=2011-07-12 }}</ref> Green Pine Block-B,<ref name="sk3">{{cite news |url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2009/09/113_52006.html |newspaper=[[The Korea Times]]|first=Jung |last=Sung-ki |title=Israeli radar chosen for missile defense |date=2009-09-17 |access-date=2009-09-17}}</ref> or Great Pine ({{lang-he|אורן אדיר}}, {{IPA-he|oʁen adiʁ|pron}}), is to take the place of the original Green Pine. It is composed of more powerful but smaller transmit–receive modules with better capabilities than those of the Green Pine,<ref name=aw-2012-a3/><ref name="deagel2">{{cite web |url=http://www.deagel.com/Ground-Sensors/Super-Green-Pine_a001469002.aspx |publisher=Deagel.com |title=EL/M-2080 Super Green Pine|date=2009-10-12 |access-date=2009-11-21}}</ref> and is believed to produce double the power output,<ref name="dew" /> extending detection range to about {{convert|800|-|900|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref name="sk3" /><ref name=iai-boeing-a3>{{cite magazine |first=Alon |last=Ben David |author-link=Alon Ben David |url=http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_channel.jsp?channel=defense&id=news%2Fasd%2F2012%2F01%2F26%2F02.xml&headline=Boeing+Links+Up+With+IAI+On+Arrow-3 |magazine=[[Aviation Week & Space Technology]] |title=Boeing links up with IAI on Arrow-3 |date=2012-01-26 |access-date=2012-01-27 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In October 2010 the IDF decided to put another Arrow 2 battery into operational use.<ref name="third battery">{{cite web|url=http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/Tech/10/10/1402.htm |first=Bar Josephine |last=Dadon |publisher=[[Bamahane]] |title=A third antimissile battery on its way |access-date=2010-10-14 |date=2010-10-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101016165248/http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/Tech/10/10/1402.htm |archive-date=2010-10-16 }}</ref> The new battery received the new radar - Green Pine Block-B.<ref name="third battery2012">{{cite web|url=http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/Tech/10/10/1402.htm |first=Shir Aharon |last=Bram |publisher=[[Israel Defense Forces]] |title=Deployment is part of IDF's preparations for new security challenges facing Israel |access-date=2012-02-13 |date=2012-02-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101016165248/http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/Tech/10/10/1402.htm |archive-date=2010-10-16 }}</ref>

===Green Pine Block-C===
Green Pine Block-C has been revealed in November 2018.<ref name="sk"/>

==Users==
;{{AZE}}: According to [[Stockholm International Peace Research Institute]] report, an arms deal signed between Israel and Azerbaijan in 2011 considers import of one Green Pine radar.<ref name="az">{{cite web |url=http://news.az/articles/politics/57003 |publisher=[http://news.az/pages/about news.az] |title=List of ammunition purchased by Azerbaijan made public |date=2012-03-27 |access-date=2012-03-28}}</ref>

;{{ISR}}: Israel had deployed at least 2 Green Pine radars as an integral part of the Arrow system.<ref name="ieee">{{cite book |publisher= [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]] |chapter=EL/M 2080 ATBM early warning and fire control radar system |pages=11–16| isbn=0-7803-3232-6 |date=2002-08-06 |doi= 10.1109/PAST.1996.565879 |title= Proceedings of International Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology |last1= Dryer |first1= S. |last2= Levine |first2= E. |last3= Peleg |first3= M. |last4= Schrift |first4= A. }}</ref> As of 2008 an unknown number of both Green Pine and Green Pine Block-B versions were active.<ref name="syria3" /> As of 2012, the first Green Pine Block-B was declared operational and is deployed alongside the two Green Pines.<ref name=iai-boeing-a3/>

;{{IND}}: India had acquired and deployed two Green Pine radars around July 2002 and another one in August 2005.<ref name="india">{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/india/bmd.htm |first=John E. |last=Pike |author-link = John E. Pike |publisher=GlobalSecurity.org |title=India: ballistic missile defense |access-date=2009-08-26}}</ref> The [[Swordfish Long Range Tracking Radar]] of the [[India]]n [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] is an acknowledged derivative of the original Green Pine.<ref name="swordfish">{{cite web|date=6 March 2009|title=India tests 'Swordfish' radar with successful missile defence test|url=http://www.domain-b.com/aero/mil_avi/miss_muni/20090306_successful_missile.html|url-status=live|access-date=29 March 2021|website=Domain-b|publisher=The Information Company}}</ref> The [[Indian government]] has sought to purchase the complete Arrow system since 1999,<ref name=dtic /> but in early 2002 the U.S. vetoed Israel's request to sell the Arrow 2 missiles to India,<ref name=global/><ref name="india" /> exercising its right as a major funding contributor.<ref>{{cite book| last = Assamann| first = Lars| title =Theater missile defense in East Asia: implications for Beijing and Tokyo | publisher = [[Transaction Publishers]]| year = 2007| isbn = 978-3-8258-0223-3 | page=205 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jyM2hhUlfD8C |access-date=2009-09-12}}</ref> U.S. officials argued that the sale would violate the [[Missile Technology Control Regime]] (MTCR).<ref name=global/>

;{{KOR}}: South Korea bought two Green Pine Block-B radars, which became operational in 2012.<ref name="sk">{{cite web |url=https://www.janes.com/article/84858/south-korea-to-procure-additional-green-pine-radars |first=Jon |last=Grevatt |publisher=[[Jane's Information Group]] |title=South Korea to procure additional 'Green Pine' radars |date=2018-11-18|access-date=2018-12-01}}</ref> South Korea to procure two Green Pine Block-C radars, valued at about $292 million. Deliveries are scheduled for the early 2020s.<ref name="sk"/>

==See also==
* [[EL/M-2090]]
* [[AN/TPY-2]]
* [[Arrow (Israeli missile)|Arrow missile]]
* [[Science and technology in Israel]]

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book| last = Stav| first = Arieh| title =The threat of ballistic missiles in the Middle East: active defense and countermeasures | publisher = [[Sussex Academic Press]]| year = 2004| isbn = 1-84519-001-7 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ldxHtsdiGG4C}}
* {{cite book| last = Bar-Joseph| first = Uri| title =Israel's national security towards the 21st Century | publisher = Frank Cass Publishers| year = 2001| isbn = 0-7146-5169-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FdREHqxBo_QC}}
* {{cite book| last1 = Naveh| first1 = Ben-Zion| last2 = Lorber| first2 = Azriel| title =Theater ballistic missile defense | publisher = [[American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics]]| year = 2001| isbn = 1-56347-385-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eH9TAAAAMAAJ}}

==External links==
* [http://www.iai.co.il/2013/34481-27136-en/IAI.aspx Green Pine radar system official webpage]

{{Products of Elta}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:El M-2080}}
[[Category:Ground radars]]
[[Category:Military radars of Israel]]
[[Category:Elta products]]
[[Category:Missile defense]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1990s]]

EL/M-2080 Green Pine - Revision history

>BrownHairedGirl: some ref cleanup tags should be AFTER , replaced: {{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}} → {{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}}