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>Psubhashish at 15:56, 16 May 2021
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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Infobox language<br />
| name = Dhurwa<br />
| nativename = ପରଜି<br>धुरवा<br />
| states = [[India]]<br />
| speakers = 52,349<br />
| date = 2011 census<br />
| ref = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language_MTs.html|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=2018-07-05}}</ref><br />
| script = [[Odia script]], [[Devanagari script]]<br />
| familycolor = Dravidian<br />
| fam2 = [[Central Dravidian]]<br />
| fam3 = Parji–Gadaba<br />
| iso3 = pci<br />
| glotto = duru1236<br />
| glottorefname = Duruwa<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Duruwa''' ([[Odia alphabet|Odia]]: ପରଜି, [[Devanagari]]: दुरुवा) or '''Dhurwa''' or '''Parji''' is a [[Central Dravidian language]] spoken by the [[Duruwa|Duruwa people]] of [[India]], in the districts of [[Koraput district|Koraput]] in [[Odisha]] and [[Bastar district|Bastar]] in [[Chhattisgarh]]. The language is related to [[Ollari language|Ollari]] and [[Kolami language|Kolami]], which is also spoken by other neighbouring tribes.<br />
<br />
==Classification==<br />
Duruwa is a member of the Central Dravidian languages.<ref>{{cite book<br />
|last=Fairservis<br />
|first=Walter Ashlin<br />
|title=The Harappan Civilization and Its Writing: A Model for the Decipherment of the Indus Script<br />
|publisher=Brill Academic Publishers<br />
|series = Asian Studies<br />
|year=1997<br />
|isbn=978-90-04-09066-8<br />
|page=78<br />
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book<br />
|last=Stassen<br />
|first=Leon<br />
|title=Intransitive Predication<br />
|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]<br />
|series = Oxford Studies in Typology and Linguistic Theory<br />
|year=1997<br />
|isbn=978-0-19-925893-2<br />
|page=335<br />
}}</ref> Duruwa is a spoken language and is generally not written. Whenever it is written, it makes use of the [[Devanagari script]] in [[Bastar district]] and [[Odia script]] in [[Koraput district]].<br />
<br />
==Phonology==<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"<br />
|+[[Consonant]]s<ref>{{cite book|last=Krishnamurti|first=Bhadriraju|title=The Dravidian languages|year=2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=9780511060373|page=57|edition=null}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
! colspan=2 | <br />
! [[Labial consonant|Labial]]<br />
! [[Dental consonant|Dental]]<br />
! [[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]<br />
! [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]<br />
! [[Velar consonant|Velar]]<br />
! [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |[[Plosive consonant|Plosive]]<br />
! <small>[[voicelessness|voiceless]]</small><br />
| {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|ʈ}} || {{IPA|c}} || {{IPA|k}} || <br />
|-<br />
! <small>[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]</small><br />
| {{IPA|b}} || {{IPA|d}} || {{IPA|ɖ}} || {{IPA|ɟ}} || {{IPA|ɡ}} || <br />
|-<br />
! colspan=2 | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]<br />
| || ({{IPA|s}}) || || || || ({{IPA|h}}) <br />
|-<br />
! colspan=2 | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]<br />
| {{IPA|m}} || {{IPA|n}} || {{IPA|ɳ}} || {{IPA|ɲ}} || {{IPA|ŋ}} || <br />
|-<br />
! rowspan=2 | [[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]<br />
! <small>[[central consonant|central]]</small><br />
| {{IPA|ʋ}} || || || {{IPA|j}} || || <br />
|-<br />
! <small>[[Lateral consonant|lateral]]</small><br />
| || {{IPA|l}} || || || || <br />
|-<br />
! colspan=2 | [[Flap consonant|Tap]]<br />
| || {{IPA|ɾ}} || {{IPA|ɽ}} || || || <br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Dialects==<br />
There are four dialects: Tiriya, Nethanar, Dharba, and Kukanar. They are mutually intelligible.{{Citation needed|date=May 2013}}<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Dravidian languages}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Agglutinative languages]]<br />
[[Category:Dravidian languages]]<br />
[[Category:Languages of India]]<br />
[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]</div>
>Psubhashish