Dulla Bhatti - Revision history

Chahmadkhanbhatti55: Abdullah Khan Dulla Bhatti Sons

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Abdullah Khan Dulla Bhatti Sons

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	{{about\|\|the Pakistani Punjabi film\|Dulla Bhatti (1956 film)\|the Indian Punjabi film\|Dulla Bhatti (2016 film)}}		{{about\|Dulla Bhatti Sons Noor Khan Bhatti Kamal Khan Bhatti Makay Khan Bhatti Jahan Khan Bhatti\|the Pakistani Punjabi film\|Dulla Bhatti (1956 film)\|the Indian Punjabi film\|Dulla Bhatti (2016 film)}}
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	The deeds of Bhatti are recounted in [[folklore]] and took the form of [[social bandit\|social banditry]]. According to Ishwar Dayal Gaur, although he was "the trendsetter in peasant insurgency in medieval Punjab", he remains "on the periphery of [[Punjab]]'s historiography".{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|pp=27, 37, 38\|ps=}}<ref name=Dawn/>		The deeds of Bhatti are recounted in [[folklore]] and took the form of [[social bandit\|social banditry]]. According to Ishwar Dayal Gaur, although he was "the trendsetter in peasant insurgency in medieval Punjab", he remains "on the periphery of [[Punjab]]'s historiography".{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|pp=27, 37, 38\|ps=}}<ref name=Dawn/>

			Abdullah Khan Dulla Bhatti Sons and grend Fathers All Shajra Nasib

			Sandhal Khan Bhatti Son Farid Khan Bhatti Son Abdullah Khan Dulla Bhatti 4 Sons Noor Khan Bhatti" Kamal Khan Bhatti" Makay Khan Bhatti" Jahan Khan Bhatti"

			Kamal Khan Bhatti Son Muhammad Bhatti Sons Ghulam Haidar Bhatti Son Fazal Din Bhatti Son Gaji Khan Bhatti Son Allah Ditta Bhatti Son Karam Din Bhatti Son Nawab Khan Bhatti Son Muhammad Sadique Bhatti Son Muhammad Saleem Bhatti Sons Muhammad Zeeshan Saleem Bhatti" Muhammad Arslan Saleem Bhatti" Adnan Ahmed Khan Bhatti

	== Biography ==		== Biography ==

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'''Dulla Bhatti''' or ''Dullah Bhatti'' real name '''Abdullah Bhatti''' (popularly referred to as the Son of Punjab' or 'Robin Hood of Punjab') (died 1599) was a famous [[Punjab]]i [[Folk hero]] and freedom fighter who led a revolt against [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] rule during the rule of the emperor [[Akbar]].<ref name="Mirza">Dr S Tanveer Mirza, 'Dulla Bhatti, a true hero of the Punjab' in ''Punjab: A History'', Lahore, 1989, pp.108-128</ref>

==Career==
He belonged to the [[Bhatti]] [[Muslim]] [[Rajput]] tribe and was a ''zamindar'' or rural farmer.<ref name="Mirza" /> On becoming a young man, Dulla was angered to see the injustice of the Mughal rulers against local Punjabis, and he turned against them. He started [[guerilla warfare]] against the [[Mughal]] forces in the Punjab and was successful to some extent for 10 or 12 years.<ref name="Gaur">Gaur, ID 'Dullah Bhatti and the Punjabi resistance' 2006</ref> Later, however, he was defeated by the Mughal forces through the betrayal of some enemies<ref name="Mirza" /> and was imprisoned in [[Lahore Fort]], [[Lahore]]. He was later hanged there in 1599.<ref name="Mirza" />

==Place in popular literature and culture==
* Bhatti still remains a big and popular hero for Punjabi people, and he is mostly remembered in the traditional Punjabi ''var'' (ballads or songs about heroes).<ref>Singh, H .'Medieval Punjabi Literature' 1997</ref>
* He is also remembered in the traditional ''dhadhi'' performances, like poems acted out, where actors show his many brave deeds.
* A number of books, stories (fiction) and plays (drama) have been written about his life and deeds, most famous of these is ''Takht Lahore'' a 1973 play or drama written by the [[Pakistan]]i writer [[Najam Hussain Syed]].
* A number of [[Urdu]] and Punjabi films have been made about him, including ''Dullah Bhatti'' (1956) by famed director [[Anwar Kamal Pasha]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{bio-stub}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhatti, Dulla}}
[[Category:1599 deaths]]
[[Category:History of Pakistan]]
[[Category:History of India]]
[[Category:Punjabi people]]
[[Category:Folklore]]

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	\| caption = Buried at [[Miani Sahib Graveyard\|Miani Sahib Qabristan (Graveyard)]]		\| caption = Buried at [[Miani Sahib Graveyard\|Miani Sahib Qabristan (Graveyard)]]
	\| known for = Rebelling and fighting against the [[Mughal emperor]] [[Akbar]]'s centralised land revenue scheme (lagaan)		\| known for = Rebelling and fighting against the [[Mughal emperor]] [[Akbar]]'s centralised land revenue scheme (lagaan)
	\| birth_date = mid-16th century		\| birth_date = mid-16th century <br> {{small\|possibly 31 August 1569}}
	\| birth_place = [[Pindi Bhattian]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br /><small>(~~modern~~ day Pakistan)~~</small>~~		\| birth_place = [[Pindi Bhattian]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]] <br> {{small\|(present-day [[Punjab, Pakistan\|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]])}}
	\| death_date = 1599		\| death_date = 1599
	\| death_place = [[Lahore]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br /><small>(~~modern~~ day Pakistan)~~</small>~~		\| death_place = [[Lahore]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]] <br> {{small\|(present-day Punjab, Pakistan)}}
	}}		}}

	'''~~Dulla~~ Bhatti''' (popularly referred to as the '''"Son of Punjab"''' or '''"Robin Hood of Punjab"''', sometimes spelled '''~~Dulha~~ Bhatti''' and also known as '''Abdullah Bhatti''') is a [[folk hero]] who supposedly came from the [[Punjab region]] of [[medieval India]] and led a revolt against [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] rule during the reign of the [[Mughal emperor]] [[Akbar]]. He is entirely absent from the recorded history of the time, and the only evidence of his existence comes from [[Punjabi language\|Punjabi]] folk songs.<ref name="SinghGaur2008">{{cite book\|author1=Surinder Singh\|author2=I. D. Gaur\|title=Popular Literature and Pre-modern Societies in South Asia\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVA0JAzQJkYC&pg=PA89\|year=2008\|publisher=Pearson Education India\|isbn=978-81-317-1358-7\|pages=89–90}}</ref>		'''Abdullah Bhatti''' (popularly referred to as the '''"Son of Punjab"''' or '''"Robin Hood of Punjab"''', sometimes spelled '''Dullah Bhatti''' and also known as '''Rai Abdullah Bhatti''') is a [[Punjabis\|Punjabi]] [[folk hero]] who supposedly came from the [[Punjab region]] of [[medieval India]] and led a revolt against [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] rule during the reign of the [[Mughal emperor]] [[Akbar]].<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Daniyal \|first=Shoaib \|title=Lohri legends: the tale of Abdullah Khan 'Dullah' Bhatti, the Punjabi who led a revolt against Akbar \|url=http://scroll.in/article/801803/lohri-legends-the-tale-of-abdullah-khan-dullah-bhatti-the-punjabi-who-led-a-revolt-against-akbar \|access-date=2022-03-06 \|website=Scroll.in \|language=en-US}}</ref> He is entirely absent from the recorded history of the time, and the only evidence of his existence comes from [[Punjabi language\|Punjabi]] folk songs.<ref name="SinghGaur2008">{{cite book\|author1=Surinder Singh\|author2=I. D. Gaur\|title=Popular Literature and Pre-modern Societies in South Asia\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVA0JAzQJkYC&pg=PA89\|year=2008\|publisher=Pearson Education India\|isbn=978-81-317-1358-7\|pages=89–90}}</ref>

	The deeds of Bhatti are recounted in [[folklore]] and took the form of [[social bandit]]ry. According to Ishwar Dayal Gaur, although he was "the trendsetter in peasant insurgency in medieval Punjab", he remains "on the periphery of Punjab's historiography".{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|pp=27, 37, 38\|ps=}}<ref name=Dawn/>		The deeds of Bhatti are recounted in [[folklore]] and took the form of [[social bandit]]ry. According to Ishwar Dayal Gaur, although he was "the trendsetter in peasant insurgency in medieval Punjab", he remains "on the periphery of Punjab's historiography".{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|pp=27, 37, 38\|ps=}}<ref name=Dawn/>

	== Early life ==		== Early life ==
	~~Dulla Bhati~~ was a ~~Muslim~~ [[Rajput]] whose father was a local zamindar.<ref name=JP>{{Cite book\|first=Ishwar\|last=Dayal\|title=Martyr as Bridegroom: A Folk Representation of Bhagat Singh\|publisher=Anthem Press\|year=2008\|pages=37\|isbn=9788190583503\|quote=a Muslim Rajput, Dulla Bhatti, the son of local zamindar\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQ4CWDeKSxUC&q=dulla+bhatti+rajput&pg=PA37\|access-date=2021-01-13}}</ref> ~~Dulla~~ Bhatti lived at [[Pindi Bhattian]] in [[Punjab]],{{sfnp\|Ahsan\|1996\|p=120\|ps=}} and came from a family of hereditary local rural chiefs of the [[zamindar]] class. Both his father, Farid, and his grandfather, variously called Bijli or Sandal,{{efn\|Surinder Singh's analysis of regional folklore names Bhatti's grandfather as Sandal and suggests the possibility, given the influence that he had in the region, that the area of [[Sandal Bar]] is named after him.{{sfnp\|Singh\|2008\|p=106\|ps=}}}}<ref name=Dawn/> were executed for opposing the new and centralised land revenue collection scheme imposed by the [[Mughal emperor]] [[Akbar]]. Dulla was born to Ladhi four months after the death of his father.{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|pp=34, 37\|ps=}}<ref name=Dawn>{{cite news\|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1112454 \|author=Mushtaq Soofi\|title=Punjab Notes: Bar: forgotten glory of Punjab \|date=13 June 2014\|newspaper=Dawn (newspaper)\|access-date=4 September 2020}}</ref>		Abdullah Bhatti was a Punjabi [[Muslim Rajput]] whose father was a local zamindar.<ref name=JP>{{Cite book\|first=Ishwar\|last=Dayal\|title=Martyr as Bridegroom: A Folk Representation of Bhagat Singh\|publisher=Anthem Press\|year=2008\|pages=37\|isbn=9788190583503\|quote=a Muslim Rajput, Dulla Bhatti, the son of local zamindar\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQ4CWDeKSxUC&q=dulla+bhatti+rajput&pg=PA37\|access-date=2021-01-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Daniyal \|first=Shoaib \|title=Lohri legends: the tale of Abdullah Khan 'Dullah' Bhatti, the Punjabi who led a revolt against Akbar \|url=http://scroll.in/article/801803/lohri-legends-the-tale-of-abdullah-khan-dullah-bhatti-the-punjabi-who-led-a-revolt-against-akbar \|access-date=2022-03-06 \|website=Scroll.in \|language=en-US}}</ref> Abdullah Bhatti lived at [[Pindi Bhattian]] in [[Punjab]],{{sfnp\|Ahsan\|1996\|p=120\|ps=}} and came from a family of hereditary local rural chiefs of the [[zamindar]] class. Both his father, Farid, and his grandfather, variously called Bijli or Sandal,{{efn\|Surinder Singh's analysis of regional folklore names Bhatti's grandfather as Sandal and suggests the possibility, given the influence that he had in the region, that the area of [[Sandal Bar]] is named after him.{{sfnp\|Singh\|2008\|p=106\|ps=}}}}<ref name=Dawn/> were executed for opposing the new and centralised land revenue collection scheme imposed by the [[Mughal emperor]] [[Akbar]]. Dulla was born to Ladhi four months after the death of his father.{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|pp=34, 37\|ps=}}<ref name=Dawn>{{cite news\|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1112454 \|author=Mushtaq Soofi\|title=Punjab Notes: Bar: forgotten glory of Punjab \|date=13 June 2014\|newspaper=Dawn (newspaper)\|access-date=4 September 2020}}</ref>

	Coincidentally, Akbar's son, Shaikhu (later known as [[Jahangir]]), was born on the same day. Advised by his courtiers that Shaikhu's future bravery and success would be ensured if the child was fed by a ~~Rajput~~ woman, Akbar gave that responsibility to Ladhi despite her connection to a man who had rebelled against the Mughal throne. This decision appears to have its basis in [[realpolitik]]: Akbar perceived that Ladhi was resentful, that Bhatti might become the third generation of rebels and that Akbar's royal favour might offset this.{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|p=35\|ps=}}		Coincidentally, Akbar's son, Shaikhu (later known as [[Jahangir]]), was born on the same day. Advised by his courtiers that Shaikhu's future bravery and success would be ensured if the child was fed by a woman whose own son was born on same day (which happens to be Dhulla Bhatti), Akbar gave that responsibility to Ladhi despite her connection to a man who had rebelled against the Mughal throne. This decision appears to have its basis in [[realpolitik]]: Akbar perceived that Ladhi was resentful, that Bhatti might become the third generation of rebels and that Akbar's royal favour might offset this.{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|p=35\|ps=}}

	A part of the royal patronage was that Bhatti attended school. Although, at that time, unaware of the fate of his ancestors, he refused to accept the strictures that were intended to mould him into a good citizen and objected to being a part of an establishment that was designed to produce elites. He left to engage instead in childish mischief-making.{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|p=35\|ps=}}		A part of the royal patronage was that Bhatti attended school. Although, at that time, unaware of the fate of his ancestors, he refused to accept the strictures that were intended to mould him into a good citizen and objected to being a part of an establishment that was designed to produce elites. He left to engage instead in childish mischief-making.{{sfnp\|Gaur\|2008\|p=35\|ps=}}
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	*{{citation \|first=Michael \|last=Nijhawan \|chapter=Transitions in the Public Realm: Dhadi in the Early Twentieth Century \|title=Folklore, Public Sphere, and Civil Society \|editor1-first=M. D. \|editor1-last=Muthukumaraswamy \|editor2-first=Molly \|editor2-last=Kaushal \|publisher=National Folklore Support Centre (India) \|year=2004 \|isbn=9788190148146}}		*{{citation \|first=Michael \|last=Nijhawan \|chapter=Transitions in the Public Realm: Dhadi in the Early Twentieth Century \|title=Folklore, Public Sphere, and Civil Society \|editor1-first=M. D. \|editor1-last=Muthukumaraswamy \|editor2-first=Molly \|editor2-last=Kaushal \|publisher=National Folklore Support Centre (India) \|year=2004 \|isbn=9788190148146}}
	*{{citation \|title=Son Preference: Sex Selection, Gender and Culture in South Asia \|first=Navtej K. \|last=Purewal \|publisher=Berg \|year=2010 \|isbn=9781845204686 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S3dMJZlVUfMC}}		*{{citation \|title=Son Preference: Sex Selection, Gender and Culture in South Asia \|first=Navtej K. \|last=Purewal \|publisher=Berg \|year=2010 \|isbn=9781845204686 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S3dMJZlVUfMC}}
	*{{citation \|title=Medieval Indian Literature \|volume=1 \|first=Harbhajan \|last=Singh \|author-link=Harbhajan Singh (poet) \|chapter=Medieval ~~Pubjabi~~ Literature \|editor-first=K. Ayyappa \|editor-last=Paniker \|publisher=Sahitya Akademi \|year=1997 \|isbn=9788126003655 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KYLpvaKJIMEC}}		*{{citation \|title=Medieval Indian Literature \|volume=1 \|first=Harbhajan \|last=Singh \|author-link=Harbhajan Singh (poet) \|chapter=Medieval Punjabi Literature \|editor-first=K. Ayyappa \|editor-last=Paniker \|publisher=Sahitya Akademi \|year=1997 \|isbn=9788126003655 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KYLpvaKJIMEC}}
	*{{citation \|title=Popular Literature and Pre-modern Societies in South Asia \|first=Surinder \|last=Singh \|chapter=Mughal Centralization Local Resistance in North-Western India: An Exploration of the Ballad of Dulla Bhatti \|editor1-first=Surinder \|editor1-last=Singh \|editor2-first=Ishwar Dayal \|editor2-last=Gaur \|publisher=Pearson Education India \|year=2008 \|isbn=9788131713587 \|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVA0JAzQJkYC&pg=PA89}}		*{{citation \|title=Popular Literature and Pre-modern Societies in South Asia \|first=Surinder \|last=Singh \|chapter=Mughal Centralization Local Resistance in North-Western India: An Exploration of the Ballad of Dulla Bhatti \|editor1-first=Surinder \|editor1-last=Singh \|editor2-first=Ishwar Dayal \|editor2-last=Gaur \|publisher=Pearson Education India \|year=2008 \|isbn=9788131713587 \|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVA0JAzQJkYC&pg=PA89}}