Draft:Paramardi-Deva - Revision history

2401:4900:4195:C97E:0:1D:9567:5B01 at 19:25, 30 March 2023

2023-03-30T19:25:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:55, 31 March 2023
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	'''Paramardi''' ([[Sanskrit]]: परमर्दि, [[IAST]]:'' Paramārdi'') (~~reigned~~ c. 1165-1203 CE) also known as '''Paramardi-Deva-Varman''' was the last emperor of Central India, who ruled from the region [[Jejakabhukti]] at his Capital [[Kalanjara]] (present day in [[Uttar Pradesh]]. In 1182 CE [[Prithviraj III]] defeated kiledar sulkhan and raided Sirsagarh but ~~later~~ was defeated by Paramardi-Deva. Then Paramardi took the title of ''Dasharana - dhipati''. Later Paramardi ~~defeated and~~ Killed by the [[Ghurids\|Ghurid]] general [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] in the Siege of [[Kalanjara]] in 1203 CE.		'''Paramardi''' ([[Sanskrit]]: परमर्दि, [[IAST]]:'' Paramārdi'') (c. 1165-1203 CE) also known as '''Paramardi-Deva-Varman''' was the last Chakravartin and great emperor of Central India, who ruled from the region [[Jejakabhukti]] at his Capital [[Kalanjara]] (present day in [[Uttar Pradesh]]. In 1182 CE [[Prithviraj Chauhan\|Prithviraj III]] defeated kiledar sulkhan and raided Sirsagarh but was defeated by Paramardi-Deva. Around 1187, Paramardi-Deva defeated Prithviraj Chauhan in battle of Kirtti-Sagara. Then Paramardi took the title of ''Dasharana - dhipati''. Later Paramardi Killed by the [[Ghurids\|Ghurid]] general [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] in the Siege of [[Kalanjara]] in 1203 CE.
	{{Short description\|Last emperor of central India (reigned c. 1165–1203)}}		{{Short description\|Last emperor of central India (reigned c. 1165–1203)}}
	{{Infobox royalty		{{Infobox royalty
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	\| full name = Shrimanmat Paramardi-Deva-Varman Chandel		\| full name = Shrimanmat Paramardi-Deva-Varman Chandel
	\| regnal name = Parmaal		\| regnal name = Parmaal
	\| house = [[Haihaya]], [[Lunar dynasty]]		\| house = [[Heheya Kingdom\|Haihaya]], [[Lunar dynasty]]
	\| dynasty = [[~~Chandela~~]]		\| dynasty = [[Chandelas of Jejakabhukti\|Chandel]]
	\| father = [[Yashovarman II (Chandela dynasty)\|Yashovarman II]]		\| father = [[Yashovarman II (Chandela dynasty)\|Yashovarman II]]
	\| religion = [[Shaivism]], [[Hinduism]]		\| religion = [[Shaivism]], [[Hinduism]]
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	Several Chandela inscriptions also mention Paramardideva, but these contain little historical information. For example, the Semra copper-plate inscription vaguely eulogizes him as someonoe who surpassed [[Kamadeva\|Makaradhvaja]] (the god of love) in handsomeness, the ocean in depth, the lord of heaven in majesty, [[Brihaspati]] in wisdom, and [[Yudhishthira]] in truthfulness. The Baghari (Bateshvar) stone inscription credits him with military victories and states that other kings bowed to him, but does not name any of these kings probably cause of vassal.{{sfn\|R. K. Dikshit\|1976\|p=141}} The Ajaygarh inscription of his grandson's wife Kalyanadevi similarly describes him as a universal sovereign, whose enemies were left in a pitiful condition.{{sfn\|R. K.Dikshit\|1976\|p=141}} Some claims of extensive conquests are not corroborated by historical evidence.{{sfn\|R. K. Dikshit\|1976\|p=143}}		Several Chandela inscriptions also mention Paramardideva, but these contain little historical information. For example, the Semra copper-plate inscription vaguely eulogizes him as someonoe who surpassed [[Kamadeva\|Makaradhvaja]] (the god of love) in handsomeness, the ocean in depth, the lord of heaven in majesty, [[Brihaspati]] in wisdom, and [[Yudhishthira]] in truthfulness. The Baghari (Bateshvar) stone inscription credits him with military victories and states that other kings bowed to him, but does not name any of these kings probably cause of vassal.{{sfn\|R. K. Dikshit\|1976\|p=141}} The Ajaygarh inscription of his grandson's wife Kalyanadevi similarly describes him as a universal sovereign, whose enemies were left in a pitiful condition.{{sfn\|R. K.Dikshit\|1976\|p=141}} Some claims of extensive conquests are not corroborated by historical evidence.{{sfn\|R. K. Dikshit\|1976\|p=143}}

	==Chahamanas Chandelas War==		==Chahamanas-Chandelas War==

	According to the medieval ballads, Prithviraj was returning to [[Delhi]] after marrying the daughter of Padamsen. During this journey, he was attacked by Turkic forces ([[Ghurid dynasty\|Ghurids]]). The Chauhan army managed to repulse the attacks, but suffered serious casualties in the process.		According to the medieval ballads, Prithviraj was returning to [[Delhi]] after marrying the daughter of Padamsen. During this journey, he was attacked by Turkic forces ([[Ghurid dynasty\|Ghurids]]). The Chauhan army managed to repulse the attacks, but suffered serious casualties in the process.
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	In the second battle of Sirsagarh Chandelas Army under Paramardi -deva's son [[Bramhjit]] and nephew [[Alha]]defeated chahmanas and Bramhjit married [[Bela chauhan]] (daughter of Prithviraja III) {{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=125}}{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=122}}{{sfn\|Parmaalraso\|1189\|p=Jagnikarao}}		In the second battle of Sirsagarh Chandelas Army under Paramardi -deva's son [[Bramhjit]] and nephew [[Alha]]defeated chahmanas and Bramhjit married [[Bela chauhan]] (daughter of Prithviraja III) {{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=125}}{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=122}}{{sfn\|Parmaalraso\|1189\|p=Jagnikarao}}

	After victory in ~~battle~~ of Sirsagarh, [[~~Paramardideva~~]]'s son Brahma married Bela Chauhan, whom he loved. But In 1182, in instigation of Mahil, [[Prithviraj III]] again attacked Sirsagarh and raided it. But ~~Prithviraj~~ was defeated by ~~Paramardideva~~ in [[Battle of Mahoba]] & [[Battle of Kirtisagar]].		After victory in Battle of Sirsagarh against Chauhans of Ajmera, [[Paramardi-Deva]]'s son Brahma married Bela Chauhan, whom he loved. But In 1182, in instigation of Mahil, [[Prithviraj III]] again attacked Sirsagarh and raided it. Two sons and 1 nephew of Kashi king [[Jaichand]] gehwara were killed in battle, But Prithviraja was finally defeated by Paramardi-Deva in [[Battle of Mahoba]] (1184 CE). Prithviraja Chauhan again defeated by Paramardi-Deva Chandel around 1187 CE in [[Battle of Kirtisagar]].
	{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=122}}{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=125}}{{sfn\|Mohinder Singh Randhawa		{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=122}}{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=125}}{{sfn\|Mohinder Singh Randhawa
	\|Indian Council of Agricultural Research\|1980 \| pp= 472}}{{sfn\|M.S. Randhawa\| Indian Sculpture: The Scene, Themes, and Legends \|1985 \| pp= 532}}<ref>Parmal Raso, Shyam sunder Das, 1919, 467 pages</ref><ref>Pandey(1993) pg197-332</ref>{{sfn\|Parmaalraso\|1189\|p=Jagnikarao}}		\|Indian Council of Agricultural Research\|1980 \| pp= 472}}{{sfn\|M.S. Randhawa\| Indian Sculpture: The Scene, Themes, and Legends \|1985 \| pp= 532}}<ref>Parmal Raso, Shyam sunder Das, 1919, 467 pages</ref><ref>Pandey(1993) pg197-332</ref>{{sfn\|Parmaalraso\|1189\|p=Jagnikarao}}
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	The 1195 CE Bateshvar inscription states that other feudatory kings bowed before him, and the 1201 CE Kalanjara inscription describes him as the lord of [[Dasharna]] country.{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=126}}		The 1195 CE Bateshvar inscription states that other feudatory kings bowed before him, and the 1201 CE Kalanjara inscription describes him as the lord of [[Dasharna]] country.{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=126}}

	== Later ~~day's~~ and Death ==		== Later days and Death ==
	According to a [[Kalanjara]] inscription, while one of Paramardideva's predecessors had imprisoned the wives of the earthly rulers, Paramardideva's heroics made even the divine rulers anxious about the safety of their wives. As a result, the gods let loose an army of [[mlechchhas]] (foreigners) against him, and made him face a defeat.{{sfn\|R. K. Dikshit\|1976\|p=143}}		According to a [[Kalanjara]] inscription, while one of Paramardideva's predecessors had imprisoned the wives of the earthly rulers, Paramardideva's heroics made even the divine rulers anxious about the safety of their wives. As a result, the gods let loose an army of [[mlechchhas]] (foreigners) against him, and made him face a defeat.{{sfn\|R. K. Dikshit\|1976\|p=143}}

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Early career

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:55, 17 March 2023
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	}}		}}

	=== Early career ===		== Early career ==

	The inscriptions from the first few years of Paramardideva's reign have been found at Semra (1165-1166 CE), [[Mahoba]] (1166-1167 CE), [[Ichhawar]] (1171 CE), Mahoba (1173 CE), Pachar (1176 CE) and [[Charkhari]] (1178 CE).{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=119}} All of these inscriptions use the imperial titles for him: ''Balopnata-Paramabhattaraka-Maharajadhiraja-Parameshvara Parama-Maheshvara Shri-Kalanjaradhipati Shrimanmat Paramardi-deva''. This indicates that in the early part of his reign, Paramardi - deva retained the empire that he had inherited from his grandfather Madanavarman.{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=120}}		The inscriptions from the first few years of Paramardideva's reign have been found at Semra (1165-1166 CE), [[Mahoba]] (1166-1167 CE), [[Ichhawar]] (1171 CE), Mahoba (1173 CE), Pachar (1176 CE) and [[Charkhari]] (1178 CE).{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=119}} All of these inscriptions use the imperial titles for him: ''Balopnata-Paramabhattaraka-Maharajadhiraja-Parameshvara Parama-Maheshvara Shri-Kalanjaradhipati Shrimanmat Paramardi-deva''. This indicates that in the early part of his reign, Paramardi - deva retained the empire that he had inherited from his grandfather Madanavarman.{{sfn\|Sisirkumar Mitra\|1977\|p=120}}

	== Reign ==		== Reign ==

2401:4900:8025:CA11:0:0:A29:AEB8 at 22:25, 16 March 2023

2023-03-16T22:25:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:55, 17 March 2023
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			'''Paramardi''' ([[Sanskrit]]: परमर्दि, [[IAST]]:'' Paramārdi'') (reigned c. 1165-1203 CE) also known as '''Paramardi-Deva-Varman''' was the last emperor of Central India, who ruled from the region [[Jejakabhukti]] at his Capital [[Kalanjara]] (present day in [[Uttar Pradesh]]. In 1182 CE [[Prithviraj III]] defeated kiledar sulkhan and raided Sirsagarh but later was defeated by Paramardi-Deva. Then Paramardi took the title of ''Dasharana - dhipati''. Later Paramardi defeated and Killed by the [[Ghurids\|Ghurid]] general [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] in the Siege of [[Kalanjara]] in 1203 CE.
	{{Short description\|Last emperor of central India (reigned c. 1165–1203)}}		{{Short description\|Last emperor of central India (reigned c. 1165–1203)}}
	{{Infobox royalty		{{Infobox royalty
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	\| religion = [[Shaivism]], [[Hinduism]]		\| religion = [[Shaivism]], [[Hinduism]]
	}}		}}
	The '''Paramardi''' ([[Sanskrit]]: परमर्दि, [[IAST]]:'' Paramārdi'') (reigned c. 1165-1203 CE) also known as Paramardi-Deva-Varman was the last emperor of Central India, who ruled from the region [[Jejakabhukti]] at his Capital [[Kalanjara]] In 1182 CE [[Prithviraj III]] defeated kiledar sulkhan and raided Sirsagarh but later was defeated by Paramardideva. Then Paramardi took the title of ''Dasharana - dhipati''. Later Paramardi defeated and Killed by the [[Ghurids\|Ghurid]] general [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] in the Siege of [[Kalanjara]] in 1203 CE.

	=== Early career ===		=== Early career ===

2401:4900:8025:CA11:0:0:A29:AEB8: Created page with " {{Short description|Last emperor of central India (reigned c. 1165–1203)}} {{Infobox royalty | title = Bal-opi-neta-Paramabhattaraka-Maharajadhiraja-Parameshvara-Parama-Maheshvara-Shri-Kalanjaradhipati | name = Paramardi | image = परमर्दिदेव चन्देल | succession = Maharaja of Mahoba | reign = c. 1165-1203 CE | predecessor..."

2023-03-16T22:23:55Z

Created page with " {{Short description|Last emperor of central India (reigned c. 1165–1203)}} {{Infobox royalty | title = Bal-opi-neta-Paramabhattaraka-Maharajadhiraja-Parameshvara-Parama-Maheshvara-Shri-Kalanjaradhipati | name = Paramardi | image = thumb|250px|परमर्दिदेव चन्देल | succession = Maharaja of Mahoba | reign = c. 1165-1203 CE | predecessor..."

New page

{{Short description|Last emperor of central India (reigned c. 1165–1203)}}
{{Infobox royalty
| title = Bal-opi-neta-Paramabhattaraka-Maharajadhiraja-Parameshvara-Parama-Maheshvara-Shri-Kalanjaradhipati
| name = Paramardi
| image = [[File:Last Purbiya Rajput Emperor Paramardidev-Varman Chandel.jpg|thumb|250px|परमर्दिदेव चन्देल]]
| succession = Maharaja of [[Mahoba]]
| reign = c. 1165-1203 CE
| predecessor = [[Yashovarman II (Chandela dynasty)|Yashovarman II]]
| successor = [[Trailokyavarman]]
| birth_date = c. 1160
| birth_place = [[Mahoba]], [[Uttar pradesh]]
| death_date = c. 1203
| death_place = [[Mahoba]], [[Kalinjar fort ]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| spouse = Malhana Parihara, ([[Pratihara]] [[Princess]])
| issue = Bramhjeet, [[Naiki Devi]], [[Trailokyavarman]] (Samarjeet), Indrajeet, Sabhajeet
| full name = Shrimanmat Paramardi-Deva-Varman Chandel
| regnal name = Parmaal
| house = [[Haihaya]], [[Lunar dynasty]]
| dynasty = [[Chandela]]
| father = [[Yashovarman II (Chandela dynasty)|Yashovarman II]]
| religion = [[Shaivism]], [[Hinduism]]
}}
The '''Paramardi''' ([[Sanskrit]]: परमर्दि, [[IAST]]:'' Paramārdi'') (reigned c. 1165-1203 CE) also known as Paramardi-Deva-Varman was the last emperor of Central India, who ruled from the region [[Jejakabhukti]] at his Capital [[Kalanjara]] In 1182 CE [[Prithviraj III]] defeated kiledar sulkhan and raided Sirsagarh but later was defeated by Paramardideva. Then Paramardi took the title of ''Dasharana - dhipati''. Later Paramardi defeated and Killed by the [[Ghurids|Ghurid]] general [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] in the Siege of [[Kalanjara]] in 1203 CE.

=== Early career ===

The inscriptions from the first few years of Paramardideva's reign have been found at Semra (1165-1166 CE), [[Mahoba]] (1166-1167 CE), [[Ichhawar]] (1171 CE), Mahoba (1173 CE), Pachar (1176 CE) and [[Charkhari]] (1178 CE).{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=119}} All of these inscriptions use the imperial titles for him: ''Balopnata-Paramabhattaraka-Maharajadhiraja-Parameshvara Parama-Maheshvara Shri-Kalanjaradhipati Shrimanmat Paramardi-deva''. This indicates that in the early part of his reign, Paramardi - deva retained the empire that he had inherited from his grandfather Madanavarman.{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=120}}
== Reign ==

Paramardi was the last of the powerful Chandela rulers, and has been mentioned in several legendary texts such as ''Paramala Raso'' (''Parmal Raso'' or ''Mahoba Khand''), ''[[Prithviraj Raso]]'' and ''Alha-Khand'' (''Alha Raso'' or Ballad of Alha). While these texts are based on historical events, much of their content has been fabricated to glorify either [[Prithviraj Chauhan]] or Paramardi. Thus, these texts are of doubtful historicity, and therefore, much of Paramardideva's reign is shrouded in obscurity.{{sfn|R. K. Dikshit|1976|p=141}}{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=120}}

Several Chandela inscriptions also mention Paramardideva, but these contain little historical information. For example, the Semra copper-plate inscription vaguely eulogizes him as someonoe who surpassed [[Kamadeva|Makaradhvaja]] (the god of love) in handsomeness, the ocean in depth, the lord of heaven in majesty, [[Brihaspati]] in wisdom, and [[Yudhishthira]] in truthfulness. The Baghari (Bateshvar) stone inscription credits him with military victories and states that other kings bowed to him, but does not name any of these kings probably cause of vassal.{{sfn|R. K. Dikshit|1976|p=141}} The Ajaygarh inscription of his grandson's wife Kalyanadevi similarly describes him as a universal sovereign, whose enemies were left in a pitiful condition.{{sfn|R. K.Dikshit|1976|p=141}} Some claims of extensive conquests are not corroborated by historical evidence.{{sfn|R. K. Dikshit|1976|p=143}}

==Chahamanas Chandelas War==

According to the medieval ballads, Prithviraj was returning to [[Delhi]] after marrying the daughter of Padamsen. During this journey, he was attacked by Turkic forces ([[Ghurid dynasty|Ghurids]]). The Chauhan army managed to repulse the attacks, but suffered serious casualties in the process.

They lost their way, and arrived in the Chandela empire capital [[Mahoba]]. The Chauhan force, which had a number of wounded soldiers among them, unknowingly set up a camp in the Chandela royal garden. They killed the keeper of the garden for objecting to their presence. When Paramardi learned about this, he sent some soldiers to counter the Chauhan force. The Chandelas suffered heavy losses in the ensuing conflict. Paramardideva then decided to send another force led by his general [[Udal of Mahoba|Udal]] against Prithviraj. Udal advised against this proposal, arguing that it would not be appropriate to attack wounded soldiers or to antagonize a powerful king like Prithviraj. However, Emperor Paramardideva was under the influence of his brother-in-law Mahil Parihar (Pratihara), who secretly harboured ill-will against the Chandelas. Mahil instigated Paramardideva to go ahead with the attack plan. The Chandela force led by Udal then launched a second attack against the Chauhan army, but was defeated. The situation subsided when Prithviraj left for Delhi.{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=121}}

Unable to bear Mahil Parihar's political scheming, Udal and his brother [[Alha]] left the Chandela court. They took shelter with [[Jaichand]], the [[Gahadavala]] ruler of [[Kannauj]].{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=121}} Mahil then sent a secret message to Prithviraj Chauhan, informing him that the best generals of Paramardideva had left Mahoba. Instigated by him, Prithviraj set out from Delhi in 1182 CE and marched to the Chandela empire via [[Gwalior]] and [[Bateshwar, Uttar Pradesh|Bateshwar]]. First, he besieged Sirsagarh, which was held by Malkhan, a cousin of Alha and Udal. Prithviraj tried to win over Malkhan, but Malkhan remained loyal to Paramardi and fought against the invaders. After Malkhan killed eight generals of the invading army, Prithviraj himself took charge of the battle. The Chandelas ultimately lost the battle, and Malkhan was killed.

==War==

In the second battle of Sirsagarh Chandelas Army under Paramardi -deva's son [[Bramhjit]] and nephew [[Alha]]defeated chahmanas and Bramhjit married [[Bela chauhan]] (daughter of Prithviraja III) {{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=125}}{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=122}}{{sfn|Parmaalraso|1189|p=Jagnikarao}}

After victory in battle of Sirsagarh, [[Paramardideva]]'s son Brahma married Bela Chauhan, whom he loved. But In 1182, in instigation of Mahil, [[Prithviraj III]] again attacked Sirsagarh and raided it. But Prithviraj was defeated by Paramardideva in [[Battle of Mahoba]] & [[Battle of Kirtisagar]].
{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=122}}{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=125}}{{sfn|Mohinder Singh Randhawa
|Indian Council of Agricultural Research|1980 | pp= 472}}{{sfn|M.S. Randhawa| Indian Sculpture: The Scene, Themes, and Legends |1985 | pp= 532}}<ref>Parmal Raso, Shyam sunder Das, 1919, 467 pages</ref><ref>Pandey(1993) pg197-332</ref>{{sfn|Parmaalraso|1189|p=Jagnikarao}}

The 1195 CE Bateshvar inscription states that other feudatory kings bowed before him, and the 1201 CE Kalanjara inscription describes him as the lord of [[Dasharna]] country.{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=126}}

== Later day's and Death ==
According to a [[Kalanjara]] inscription, while one of Paramardideva's predecessors had imprisoned the wives of the earthly rulers, Paramardideva's heroics made even the divine rulers anxious about the safety of their wives. As a result, the gods let loose an army of [[mlechchhas]] (foreigners) against him, and made him face a defeat.{{sfn|R. K. Dikshit|1976|p=143}}

Prithviraj Chauhan was killed at the [[Second Battle of Tarain]] against the [[Ghurids]] in 1192 CE. After defeating the [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Chahamanas]] (Chauhans) and the [[Gahadavala]]s, the Ghurid governor of Delhi planned an invasion of Chandela kingdom.{{sfn|R. K.

Dikshit|1976|p=147}} A force led by [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]], and accompanied by strong generals such as [[Iltutmish]], besieged the Chandela fort of [[Kalanjara]] in 1202 CE.{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=126}}

''Taj-ul-Maasir'', written by the Delhi chronicler [[Hasan Nizami]], states that Parmaal (Paramardideca) initially offered some resistance, but then fled to the safety of the fort. Subsequently, he surrendered before ruler of Delhi, and agreed to be his vassal.{{sfn|R. K. Dikshit|1976|p=147}} He promised to pay a tribute to the Sultan, but died before he could execute this agreement. His [[dewan]] Aj Deo (Ajaya-Deva) continued to resist the ruler of Delhi after his death. The dewan was finally forced to surrender as the water reservoirs within the fort dried up during a drought. ''Taj-ul-Masir'' further states that after the Sultanate's victory, temples were converted into mosques and 50,000 men were taken as slaves. Qutb al-Din Aibak appointed Hazabbar-ud-Din Hasan Arnal as the governor of Kalanjara, and also captured [[Mahoba]].{{sfn|R. K. Dikshit|1976|p=148}}

The 16th century Muslim historian Firishta states that Paramardideva was assassinated by his own minister, who disagreed with the king's decision to surrender to the Delhi forces.{{sfn|R. K. Dikshit|1976|p=148}}

Firishta as well as Fakhruddin Mubarakshah state that the fall of Kalanjara Empire happened in the [[Hijri year]] 599 (1202-1203 CE). According to ''Taj-ul-Masir'', Kalanjara fell on 20th of [[Rajab]], in the Hijri year 599, on Monday. However, this date corresponds to 12 April 1203 CE, which was a Friday. Based on different interpretations of the historical sources, different scholars date the fall of Kalanjara to either 1202 CE or 1203 CE.{{sfn|R. K. Dikshit|1976|p=149}}

According to the Chandela inscriptions, Paramardideva was succeeded by [[Trailokyavarman]].{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=126}}