Domkal subdivision - Revision history

OrvilleBurgos99: further reworked details per sources further for consistency

2026-01-17T15:38:37Z

further reworked details per sources further for consistency

Kamal Guha: /* River bank erosion */ See also deleted

2023-07-09T01:09:21Z

River bank erosion: See also deleted

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:39, 9 July 2023
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	===River bank erosion===		===River bank erosion===
	As of 2013, an estimated 2.4 million people reside along the banks of the [[Ganges]] alone in Murshidabad district.<ref name="erosion1">{{cite web \| url = http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf \| title = Types and sources of floods in Murshidabad, West Bengal \| work = Swati Mollah \| publisher = Indian Journal of Applied Research, February 2013 \| access-date = 5 September 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170820073737/http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf \| archive-date = 20 August 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref> The main channel of the Ganges has a bankline of 94 km along its right bank from downstream of Farakka Barrage to Jalangi. Severe erosion occurs all along this bank. The encroaching river wiped out 50 mouzas and engulfed about 10,000 hectares of fertile land. The following blocks have to face the brunt of erosion year after year: [[Farakka (community development block)\|Farakka]], [[Samserganj (community development block)\|Samserganj]], [[Suti I]], [[Suti II]], [[Raghunathganj II]], [[Lalgola (community development block)\|Lalgola]], [[Bhagawangola I]], [[Bhagawangola II]], [[Raninagar I]], [[Raninagar II]] and [[Jalangi (community development block)\|Jalangi]]. As per official estimate, till 1992–94 more than 10,000 hectares of chars (flood plain sediment island) have developed in main places, which have become inaccessible from the Indian side but can be reached easily from Bangladesh.<ref name="erosion5">{{cite web \| url = http://www.sandrp.in/dams/impct_frka_wcd.pdf \| title = A Report on the Impact of Farakka Barrage on the Human Fabric, November 1999 \| work = The social impact of erosion, pp 13–14 \| first = Manisha \| last = Banerjee \| publisher = South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers and People, New Delhi: 110 088 India \| access-date = 5 September 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170808234303/http://sandrp.in/dams/impct_frka_wcd.pdf \| archive-date = 8 August 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref>		As of 2013, an estimated 2.4 million people reside along the banks of the [[Ganges]] alone in Murshidabad district.<ref name="erosion1">{{cite web \| url = http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf \| title = Types and sources of floods in Murshidabad, West Bengal \| work = Swati Mollah \| publisher = Indian Journal of Applied Research, February 2013 \| access-date = 5 September 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170820073737/http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf \| archive-date = 20 August 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref> The main channel of the Ganges has a bankline of 94 km along its right bank from downstream of Farakka Barrage to Jalangi. Severe erosion occurs all along this bank. The encroaching river wiped out 50 mouzas and engulfed about 10,000 hectares of fertile land. The following blocks have to face the brunt of erosion year after year: [[Farakka (community development block)\|Farakka]], [[Samserganj (community development block)\|Samserganj]], [[Suti I]], [[Suti II]], [[Raghunathganj II]], [[Lalgola (community development block)\|Lalgola]], [[Bhagawangola I]], [[Bhagawangola II]], [[Raninagar I]], [[Raninagar II]] and [[Jalangi (community development block)\|Jalangi]]. As per official estimate, till 1992–94 more than 10,000 hectares of chars (flood plain sediment island) have developed in main places, which have become inaccessible from the Indian side but can be reached easily from Bangladesh.<ref name="erosion5">{{cite web \| url = http://www.sandrp.in/dams/impct_frka_wcd.pdf \| title = A Report on the Impact of Farakka Barrage on the Human Fabric, November 1999 \| work = The social impact of erosion, pp 13–14 \| first = Manisha \| last = Banerjee \| publisher = South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers and People, New Delhi: 110 088 India \| access-date = 5 September 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170808234303/http://sandrp.in/dams/impct_frka_wcd.pdf \| archive-date = 8 August 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref>

	~~See also – [[River bank erosion along the Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad districts]]~~

	==Economy==		==Economy==

Kamal Guha: /* Electoral constituencies */ link correction

2023-07-09T00:52:59Z

Electoral constituencies: link correction

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:22, 9 July 2023
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	\| \|\| \|\|[[Murshidabad (Vidhan Sabha constituency)\|Murshidabad]]<br/>in [[Lalbag subdivision]]\|\|None\|\|[[Murshidabad]] municipality, [[Jiaganj Azimganj]] municipality and [[Murshidabad-Jiaganj]] CD Block		\| \|\| \|\|[[Murshidabad (Vidhan Sabha constituency)\|Murshidabad]]<br/>in [[Lalbag subdivision]]\|\|None\|\|[[Murshidabad]] municipality, [[Jiaganj Azimganj]] municipality and [[Murshidabad-Jiaganj]] CD Block
	\|-		\|-
	\| \|\| \|\|[[Hariharpara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)\|Hariharpara]] <br/>in [[~~Barhampur~~ subdivision]]\|\|None\|\|[[Hariharpara (community development block)\|Hariharpara]] CD Block and Chhaighari and Madanpur GPs of [[Berhampore (community development block)\|Berhampore]] CD Block		\| \|\| \|\|[[Hariharpara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)\|Hariharpara]] <br/>in [[Berhampore subdivision]]\|\|None\|\|[[Hariharpara (community development block)\|Hariharpara]] CD Block and Chhaighari and Madanpur GPs of [[Berhampore (community development block)\|Berhampore]] CD Block
	\|-		\|-
	\| \|\| \|\|One assembly segment in [[Tehatta subdivision]] of Nadia district\|\| \|\|		\| \|\| \|\|One assembly segment in [[Tehatta subdivision]] of Nadia district\|\| \|\|

Kamal Guha: /* Healthcare */ link correction

2023-07-09T00:51:22Z

Healthcare: link correction

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:21, 9 July 2023
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	!width="40"\|Primary<br/>Health<br/>Centres<br/>		!width="40"\|Primary<br/>Health<br/>Centres<br/>
	\|-		\|-
	\|align=left\|[[~~Barhampur~~ subdivision\|~~Barhampur~~]]		\|align=left\|[[Berhampore subdivision\|Baharampur]]
	\|align="center"\|2		\|align="center"\|2
	\|align="center"\|2		\|align="center"\|2

Kamal Guha: /* Education */ link correction

2023-07-09T00:48:52Z

Education: link correction

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:18, 9 July 2023
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	!width="30"\|Student<br>		!width="30"\|Student<br>
	\|-		\|-
	\|align=left\|[[~~Barhampur~~ subdivision\|~~Barhampur~~]]		\|align=left\|[[Berhampore subdivision\|Baharampur]]
	\|align="center"\|728		\|align="center"\|728
	\|align="center"\|88,371		\|align="center"\|88,371

Kamal Guha: /* Agriculture */ link correction

2023-07-09T00:46:33Z

Agriculture: link correction

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:16, 9 July 2023
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	\|'''Domkal Subdivision'''\|\|80,899\|\|109,518\|\|730,393\|\|16,755\|\|33,410\|\|117,082\|\|25,023		\|'''Domkal Subdivision'''\|\|80,899\|\|109,518\|\|730,393\|\|16,755\|\|33,410\|\|117,082\|\|25,023
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[~~Barhampur~~ subdivision]]\|\|268,587\|\|109,091\|\|914,791\|\|5,758\|\|35,315\|\|39,914\|\|160,221		\|[[Berhampore subdivision]]\|\|268,587\|\|109,091\|\|914,791\|\|5,758\|\|35,315\|\|39,914\|\|160,221
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[Kandi subdivision]]\|\|487,207\|\|4,157\|\|6,186\|\|4,818\|\|9,355\|\|85,886\|\|106,646		\|[[Kandi subdivision]]\|\|487,207\|\|4,157\|\|6,186\|\|4,818\|\|9,355\|\|85,886\|\|106,646

Kamal Guha: /* Subdivisions */ Link connection

2023-07-09T00:43:57Z

Subdivisions: Link connection

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:13, 9 July 2023
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	! Subdivision \|\|Headquarters\|\|<br/>Area<br/>km<sup>2</sup> \|\| Population<br/>(2011) \|\|Rural<br>Population %<br/>(2011)\|\|Urban<br/> Population % <br/>(2011)		! Subdivision \|\|Headquarters\|\|<br/>Area<br/>km<sup>2</sup> \|\| Population<br/>(2011) \|\|Rural<br>Population %<br/>(2011)\|\|Urban<br/> Population % <br/>(2011)
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[~~Barhampur~~ subdivision\|~~Barhampur~~]]\|\|[[Baharampur]]\|\|1,195.57\|\|1,725,525\|\|80.15\|\|19.85		\|[[Berhampore subdivision\|Baharampur]]\|\|[[Baharampur]]\|\|1,195.57\|\|1,725,525\|\|80.15\|\|19.85
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[Kandi subdivision\|Kandi]]\|\|[[Kandi, Murshidabad\|Kandi]]\|\|1,200.76\|\|1,155,645\|\|93.21\|\|6.79		\|[[Kandi subdivision\|Kandi]]\|\|[[Kandi, Murshidabad\|Kandi]]\|\|1,200.76\|\|1,155,645\|\|93.21\|\|6.79

>Monkbot: Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 34 templates: hyphenate params (44×);

2021-01-25T04:42:50Z

Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 34 templates: hyphenate params (44×);

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2013}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Domkal subdivision
| other_name = 
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Subdivision
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24.12|N|88.55|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 14 December 1999
| founder =
| named_for =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Domkal]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 837.88
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 996,443
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-WB]]
| registration_plate = WB
| website = {{URL|wb.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Domkal subdivision''' is an administrative subdivision of [[Murshidabad district]] in the state of [[West Bengal]], [[India]].

==Overview==
The [[Hooghly River|Bhagirathi River]] splits the Murshidabad district into two natural physiographic regions – Rarh on the west and Bagri on the east. Domkal subdivision lies in the Raninagar plain at the north-eastern corner of the Bagri region. The Raninagar plain lies between the [[Jalangi River|Jalangi]] and [[Bhairab River|Bhairab]] rivers. It is a low-lying area and is characterized by the nature of inundation along with many swamps. The [[Padma River]] separates Murshidabad district from [[Malda district]] and [[Chapai Nawabganj District|Chapai Nawabganj]] and [[Rajshahi District|Rajshahi]] districts of Bangladesh in the north.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Physiography, Page 13 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| date=2011 | access-date = 24 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://murshidabad.gov.in/About.aspx#2 | title= Murshidabad | work= Geography | publisher= Murshidabad district authorities| access-date = 24 July 2017}}</ref>

==Geography==
===Subdivisions===
Murshidabad district is divided into the following administrative subdivisions:<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad, Tables 2.2, 2.4(a) |work = Note: At the time of uploading of the revised version of this page the internet version of the District Statistical Handbook had been taken off but there is a print version |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 16 May 2017 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170729135056/http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php |archive-date = 29 July 2017 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Subdivision ||Headquarters|| Area km2 || Population (2011) ||Rural Population % (2011)||Urban Population % (2011)
|-
|[[Barhampur subdivision|Barhampur]]||[[Baharampur]]||1,195.57||1,725,525||80.15||19.85
|-
|[[Kandi subdivision|Kandi]]||[[Kandi, Murshidabad|Kandi]]||1,200.76||1,155,645||93.21||6.79
|-
|[[Jangipur subdivision|Jangipur]]||[[Jangipur(WB)|Jangipur]]||1,097.82||1,972,308||56.43||43.57
|-
|[[Lalbag subdivision|Lalbag]]||[[Murshidabad]]||1019.10||1,253,886||92.36||7.64
|-
|Domkal||[[Domkol|Domkal]]||837.88||996,443||97.55||2.45
|-
|[[Murshidabad district]]|| ||5,324.00||7,103,807||80.28||19.72
|-
|}

===Administrative units===
Domkal subdivision has 1 Municipal Corporation, 4 police stations, 4 community development blocks, 4 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samitis]], 38 [[gram panchayat]]s, 240 [[mouza]]s, 203 inhabited villages and 2 [[census town]]s. The census towns are: [[Islampur, Murshidabad|Islampur]] and [[Harharia Chak]].
The subdivision has its headquarters at [[Domkal]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad |work = Table 2.1 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 16 May 2017 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170729135056/http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php |archive-date = 29 July 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Murshidabad of West Bengal | access-date = 16 May 2017}}</ref>

===Police stations===
Police stations in Domkal subdivision have the following features and jurisdiction:<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad | work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 17 May 2017 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170729135056/http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php | archive-date = 29 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.murshidabadpolicewb.gov.in/# | title = Murshidabad District Police | publisher = West Bengal Police | access-date = 25 August 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170823011111/http://www.murshidabadpolicewb.gov.in/ | archive-date = 23 August 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Police station ||Area covered km2||India-Bangladesh border km ||Municipal town || CD Block
|-
|[[Domkal#Police station|Domkal]]|| n/a || – || – ||[[Domkal (community development block)|Domkal]]
|-
|[[Jalangi#Police Station|Jalangi]]|| n/a || n/a || – ||[[Jalangi (community development block)|Jalangi]]
|-
|[[Islampur, Murshidabad#Police station|Islampur]]|| n/a || – || – ||[[Raninagar I]]
|-
|[[Raninagar#Police station|Raninagar]]|| n/a || n/a || – ||[[Raninagar II]]
|-
|}

Murshidabad district has a 125.35 km long international border with Bangladesh of which 42.35 km is on land and the remaining is riverine.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://murshidabad.nic.in/About.aspx | title = Egiye Bangla Murshidabad | publisher = Murshidabad district authorities | access-date = 25 July 2017}}</ref>

There are reports of [[Illegal immigration to India|Bangladeshi infiltrators]] entering Murshidabad district.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dailypioneer.com/columnists/oped/bangladeshi-infiltration-the-reality-check.html|title = Bangladeshi Infiltration: The Reality Check |publisher= The Pioneer|date=27 June 2015 | access-date = 23 July 2017}}</ref><ref name=telegraph>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1050823/asp/nation/story_5136259.asp |title = Report taking shape amid infiltration buzz |work= The Telegraph| date=23 August 2005 | access-date = 23 July 2017}}</ref> An estimate made in 2000 places the total number of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants in India at 1.5 crore, with around 3 lakh entering every year. The thumb rule for such illegal immigrants is that for each illegal person caught four get through. While many immigrants have settled in the border areas, some have moved on, even to far way places such as Mumbai and Delhi. The border is guarded by the [[Border Security Force]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.idsa.in/system/files/strategicanalysis_Jamwal_0304.pdf |title = Border Management: Dilemma of Guarding the India-Bangladesh border|last= Jamwal| first= N.S. |publisher= Strategic Analysis|date=January–March 2004 | access-date = 26 August 2017}}</ref> During the UPA government, [[Sriprakash Jaiswal]], Union Minister of State for Home Affairs, had made a statement in Parliament on 14 July 2004, that there were 12 million illegal Bangladeshi infiltrators living in India, and West Bengal topped the list with 5.7 million Bangladeshis. More recently, [[Kiren Rijiju]], Minister of State for Home Affairs in the NDA government has put the figure at around 20 million.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/two-crore-illegal-bangladeshi-living-in-india-govt-116111601110_1.html| title = Two crore illegal Bangladeshi living in India: Govt | publisher = Business Standard / Press Trust of India|date=16 November 2016 |access-date = 26 August 2017}}</ref> Critics point out that the Bengali politicians, particularly those from the ruling [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]] and the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI (M)]], believe that a soft approach to the problem help them to win Muslim votes.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.oneindia.com/feature/bangladeshi-infiltrators-bengal-will-be-eaten-up-by-frankenstein-it-created-1697552.html | title = Bangladesh infiltrators: Bengal will be eaten up by the Frankenstein it created | publisher = One India|date=27 March 2015 |access-date = 26 August 2017}}</ref>

===Blocks===
Community development blocks in Domkal subdivision are:<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web |url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/download.php?v=13 |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad |work = Table 2.1 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 6 May 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170302072706/http://dospiwb.org.in/download.php?v=13 |archive-date = 2 March 2017 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 16 May 2017}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! CD Block ||Headquarters|| Area km2 || Population (2011) ||[[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|SC]] %||[[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|ST]] %||[[Muslims]] %||[[Hindus]] %||Decadal Growth Rate 2001–2011%||Literacy Rate %||Census Towns
|-
|[[Domkal (community development block)|Domkal]]||[[Domkal]]||305.19||363,976||2.61||0.33||89.69||10.16||16.78||63.90|| –
|-
|[[Jalangi (community development block)|Jalangi]]||Sahebrampur, [[Jalangi]]||210.63||252,477||12.61||1.16||73.27||26.57||17.11||67.35|| –
|-
|[[Raninagar I]]||[[Kasbagoas]]||146.93||189,105||7.56||0.26||81.69||18.20||22.31||67.25|| 2
|-
|[[Raninagar II]]||[[Raninagar]]||175.13||190,885||11.62||0.29||80.78||19.03||22.34||63.60|| –
|-
|}

===Gram Panchayats===
The subdivision contains 34 [[gram panchayat]]s under 4 [[Community Development Block in India|community development blocks]] 21 Ward comprising 23 mouzas under [[Domkal Municipality]]:<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Murshidabad – Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 25 August 2017}}</ref>

* [[Domkal (Community development block)|Domkal]] CD Block – Garaimari, Sarangpur, Bhagirathpur, Garibpur, Juranpur, Dhulauri, Ghoramara, Madhurkul and Raipur.
* [[Raninagar I|Raninagar–I]] CD Block – Herampur, Islampurchak, Paharpur, Hurshi, Lochanpur and Tenkaraipur Balumati.
* [[Raninagar II|Raninagar–II]] CD Block – Kalinagar–I, Katlamari–II, Rajapur, Kalinagar–II, Malibari–I, Raninagar–I, Katlamari–I, Malibari–II and Raninagar–II.
* [[Jalangi (Community development block)|Jalangi]] – Choapara, Ghoshpara, Khayramari, Sahebnagar, Debipur, Jalangi, Sadikhanderah, Faridpur, Katabari and [[Sagarpara]].

===River bank erosion===
As of 2013, an estimated 2.4 million people reside along the banks of the [[Ganges]] alone in Murshidabad district.<ref name="erosion1">{{cite web | url = http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf | title = Types and sources of floods in Murshidabad, West Bengal | work = Swati Mollah | publisher = Indian Journal of Applied Research, February 2013 | access-date = 5 September 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170820073737/http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf | archive-date = 20 August 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> The main channel of the Ganges has a bankline of 94 km along its right bank from downstream of Farakka Barrage to Jalangi. Severe erosion occurs all along this bank. The encroaching river wiped out 50 mouzas and engulfed about 10,000 hectares of fertile land. The following blocks have to face the brunt of erosion year after year: [[Farakka (community development block)|Farakka]], [[Samserganj (community development block)|Samserganj]], [[Suti I]], [[Suti II]], [[Raghunathganj II]], [[Lalgola (community development block)|Lalgola]], [[Bhagawangola I]], [[Bhagawangola II]], [[Raninagar I]], [[Raninagar II]] and [[Jalangi (community development block)|Jalangi]]. As per official estimate, till 1992–94 more than 10,000 hectares of chars (flood plain sediment island) have developed in main places, which have become inaccessible from the Indian side but can be reached easily from Bangladesh.<ref name="erosion5">{{cite web | url = http://www.sandrp.in/dams/impct_frka_wcd.pdf | title = A Report on the Impact of Farakka Barrage on the Human Fabric, November 1999 | work = The social impact of erosion, pp 13–14 | first = Manisha | last = Banerjee | publisher = South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers and People, New Delhi: 110 088 India | access-date = 5 September 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170808234303/http://sandrp.in/dams/impct_frka_wcd.pdf | archive-date = 8 August 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

See also – [[River bank erosion along the Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad districts]]

==Economy==
===Infrastructure===
All inhabited villages in Murshidabad district have power supply.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 96–97 Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities,2011 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 11 September 2017}}</ref>

See the individual block pages for more information about the infrastructure available.

===Agriculture===
Murshidabad is a predominantly agricultural district. A majority of the population depends on agriculture for a living. The land is fertile. The eastern portion of the Bhagirathi, an [[alluvium|alluvial]] tract, is very fertile for growing [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aus]] paddy, jute and [[rabi crop]]s. The Kalantar area in the south-eastern portion of the district, is a low-lying area with stiff dark clay and supports mainly the cultivation of Aman paddy. The west flank of the Bhagirathi is a [[laterite|lateritic]] tract intersected by numerous [[Beel|bils]] and old river beds. It supports the cultivation of Aman paddy, sugar cane and mulberry.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 17–19: Soil and cropping pattern, Land and land-use pattern | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 4 August 2017}}</ref>

Given below is an overview of the agricultural production (all data in tonnes) for Domkal subdivision, other subdivisions and the Murshidabad district, with data for the year 2013–14.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad |work = Table 18.1. Data for subdivisions/ district calculated by totalling the CD Block data provided | publisher= Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 26 June 2017}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! CD Block/ Subdivision ||Rice||Wheat || Jute ||Pulses||Oil seeds||Potatoes||Sugarcane
|-
|[[Domkal (community development block)|Domkal]]||12,459||39,749||313,768||4,592||3,158||69,013||5,845
|-
|[[Jalangi (community development block)|Jalangi]]||27,904||23,144||180,928||6,114||3,591||28,758||15,643
|-
|[[Raninagar I]]||24,675||26,581||119,818||2,819||13,908||4,285||3,535
|-
|[[Raninagar II]]||15,861||20,044||115,879||3,230||12,753||15,026|| –
|-
|'''Domkal Subdivision'''||80,899||109,518||730,393||16,755||33,410||117,082||25,023
|-
|[[Barhampur subdivision]]||268,587||109,091||914,791||5,758||35,315||39,914||160,221
|-
|[[Kandi subdivision]]||487,207||4,157||6,186||4,818||9,355||85,886||106,646
|-
|[[Jangipur subdivision]]||207,472||45,261||207,425||9,374||12,375||38,197||52,344
|-
|[[Lalbag subdivision]]||68,034||20,304||427,450||7,809||22,592||40,997||3,295
|-
|[[Murshidabad district]]||1,112,199||288,331||2,286,245||44,514||113,047||322.076||347,529
|-
|}

==Education==
Murshidabad district had a literacy rate of 66.59% (for population of 7 years and above) as per the census of India 2011. Barhampur subdivision had a literacy rate of 72.60%, Kandi subdivision 66.28%, Jangipur subdivision 60.95%, Lalbag subdivision 68.00% and Domkal subdivision 68.35%.<ref name=2handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad | work = Basic data: Table 4.4, 4.5, Clarifications: other related tables | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 10 September 2017 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170729135056/http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php | archive-date = 29 July 2017 }}</ref>

Given in the table below (data in numbers) is a comprehensive picture of the education scenario in Murshidabad district for the year 2013–14:<ref name=2handbook2014/>

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size: 9pt"
|-
!width="110" rowspan="2"| Subdivision
!colspan="2"|Primary School
!colspan="2"|Middle School
!colspan="2"|High School
!colspan="2"|Higher Secondary School
!colspan="2"|General College, Univ
!colspan="2"|Technical / Professional Instt
!colspan="2"|Non-formal Education
|-
!width="30"|Institution

!width="30"|Student

!width="30"|Institution

!width="30"|Student

!width="30"|Institution

!width="30"|Student

!width="30"|Institution

!width="30"|Student

!width="30"|Institution

!width="30"|Student

!width="30"|Institution

!width="30"|Student

!width="30"|Institution

!width="30"|Student 
|-
|align=left|[[Barhampur subdivision|Barhampur]]
|align="center"|728
|align="center"|88,371
|align="center"|107
|align="center"|13,364
|align="center"|37
|align="center"|31,214
|align="center"|92
|align="center"|162,613
|align="center"|7
|align="center"|17,418
|align="center"|11
|align="center"|2,796
|align="center"|2,278
|align="center"|100,164
|-
|align=left|[[Kandi subdivision|Kandi]]
|align="center"|672
|align="center"|66,030
|align="center"|105
|align="center"|11,248
|align="center"|46
|align="center"|32,752
|align="center"|61
|align="center"|87,482
|align="center"|5
|align="center"|7,830
|align="center"|3
|align="center"|400
|align="center"|1,717
|align="center"|74,370
|-
|align=left|[[Jangipur subdivision|Jangipur]]
|align="center"|747
|align="center"|144,416
|align="center"|72
|align="center"|14,159
|align="center"|25
|align="center"|30,004
|align="center"|76
|align="center"|194,025
|align="center"|5
|align="center"|15,335
|align="center"|5
|align="center"|500
|align="center"|2,793
|align="center"|160,236
|-
|align=left|[[Lalbag subdivision|Lalbag]]
|align="center"|601
|align="center"|72,429
|align="center"|74
|align="center"|8,997
|align="center"|24
|align="center"|22,174
|align="center"|66
|align="center"|120,454
|align="center"|5
|align="center"|13,088
|align="center"|7
|align="center"|759
|align="center"|2,082
|align="center"|93,891
|-
|align=left|Domkal
|align="center"|432
|align="center"|52,177
|align="center"|73
|align="center"|11,791
|align="center"|22
|align="center"|23,201
|align="center"|47
|align="center"|86,672
|align="center"|3
|align="center"|7,211
|align="center"|11
|align="center"|2,457
|align="center"|1,612
|align="center"|74,330
|-
|align=left|[[Murshidabad district]]
|align="center"|3,180
|align="center"|423,423
|align="center"|431
|align="center"|59,559
|align="center"|154
|align="center"|139,345
|align="center"|342
|align="center"|651,246
|align="center"|25
|align="center"|60,882
|align="center"|37
|align="center"|6,912
|align="center"|10,482
|align="center"|502,991
|-
|}

Note: Primary schools include junior basic schools; middle schools, high schools and higher secondary schools include madrasahs; technical schools include junior technical schools, junior government polytechnics, industrial technical institutes, industrial training centres, nursing training institutes etc.; technical and professional colleges include engineering colleges, medical colleges, para-medical institutes, management colleges, teachers training and nursing training colleges, law colleges, art colleges, music colleges etc. Special and non-formal education centres include sishu siksha kendras, madhyamik siksha kendras, centres of Rabindra mukta vidyalaya, recognised Sanskrit tols, institutions for the blind and other handicapped persons, Anganwadi centres, reformatory schools etc.<ref name=2handbook2014/>

The following institutions are located in Domkal subdivision:
*[[Dumkal College]] was established in 1999 at [[Domkal]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dumkalcollege.org/ | title = Dumkal College | publisher =DC |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/DumkalCollege/Dumkal_College.shtml | title = Dumkal College | publisher = College Admission |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref>
*[[Domkal Girl's College|Domkal Girls' College]] was established in 2011 at [[Domkal]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://domkalgirlscollege.org/index.html | title = Domkal Girls' College | publisher = DGC |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref>
*[[Jalangi Mahavidyalaya]] was established in 2010 at [[Jalangi]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.jalangimahavidyalaya.org/# | title = Jalangi Mahavidyalaya | publisher = JM |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/JalangiMahavidyalaya/JalangiMahavidyalaya.shtml | title = Jalangi Mahavidyalaya | publisher = College Admission |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref>
*[[Murshidabad Adarsha Mahavidyalaya]] was established in 1981 at [[Islampur, Murshidabad|Islampur]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://murshidabadadarshamahavidyalaya.in/index.aspx | title = Murshidabad Adarsha Mahavidyalaya | publisher = MAM |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref>
*[[G.D. College, Shaikpara|G.D. College]], a self-financed general degree college, was established at [[Shaikhpara]] in 2007.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.examdrive.in/2017/02/shaikhpara-gd-college-admission-merit-list.html | title = G,D,College | publisher = Exam Drive |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref>
*[[Shaikhpara A.R.M. Polytechnic]] at Shaikhpara offers diploma courses in food processing technology, computer software technology and medical lab technology.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.careerindia.com/colleges/shaikpara-a-r-m-polytechnic-college-murshidabad-west-bengal-cp23563/ | title = Shaikpara ARM Polytechnic College | publisher = Career India |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref>
*Murshidabad Minority BEd College at [[Sadikhanr Diar]], affiliated to the [[University of Kalyani]], offers a course in BEd<ref>{{cite web | url = http://mmbedcollege.com/index.html | title = Murshidabad Minority BEd College | publisher = MMBEd |access-date = 3 September 2017}}</ref>

==Healthcare==
The table below (all data in numbers) presents an overview of the medical facilities available and patients treated in the hospitals, health centres and sub-centres in 2014 in Murshidabad district.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad | work = Table 3.1, 3.3 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 20 June 2017 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170729135056/http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php | archive-date = 29 July 2017}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size: 9pt"
|-
!width="110" rowspan="2"| Subdivision
!width="160" colspan="4" rowspan="1"| Health & Family Welfare Deptt, WB

!widthspan="110" rowspan="2"|Other State Govt Deptts
!widthspan="110" rowspan="2"|Local bodies
!widthspan="110" rowspan="2"|Central Govt Deptts / PSUs
!widthspan="110" rowspan="2"|NGO / Private Nursing Homes
!widthspan="110" rowspan="2"|Total
!widthspan="110" rowspan="2"|Total Number of Beds
!widthspan="110" rowspan="2"|Total Number of Doctors*
!widthspan="130" rowspan="2"|Indoor Patients
!widthspan="130" rowspan="2"|Outdoor Patients
|-
!width="40"|Hospitals 
!width="40"|Rural Hospitals 
!width="40"|Block Primary Health Centres 
!width="40"|Primary Health Centres 
|-
|align=left|[[Barhampur subdivision|Barhampur]]
|align="center"|2
|align="center"|2
|align="center"|4
|align="center"|15
|align="center"| 3
|align="center"| –
|align="center"| –
|align="center"|45
|align="center"|71
|align="center"|1,645
|align="center"|282
|align="center"|149,393
|align="center"|2,094,027
|-
|align=left|[[Kandi subdivision|Kandi]]
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|2
|align="center"|3
|align="center"|17
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|-
|align="center"|-
|align="center"|6
|align="center"|30
|align="center"|567
|align="center"|68
|align="center"|85,624
|align="center"|1,005,056
|-
|align=left|[[Jangipur subdivision|Jangipur]]
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|6
|align="center"|15
|align="center"|-
|align="center"|-
|align="center"| 2
|align="center"|12
|align="center"|37
|align="center"|590
|align="center"|62
|align="center"|141,427
|align="center"|1,043,548
|-
|align=left|[[Lalbag subdivision|Lalbag]]
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|2
|align="center"|3
|align="center"|14
|align="center"|-
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|23
|align="center"|45
|align="center"|483
|align="center"|65
|align="center"|105,562
|align="center"|1,154,275
|-
|align=left|Domkal
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|2
|align="center"|2
|align="center"|9
|align="center"|-
|align="center"|-
|align="center"|-
|align="center"|19
|align="center"|33
|align="center"|252
|align="center"|44
|align="center"|45,110
|align="center"|802,309
|-
|align=left|[[Murshidabad district]]
|align="center"|6
|align="center"|9
|align="center"|18
|align="center"|70
|align="center"|4
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|3
|align="center"|105
|align="center"|216
|align="center"|2,537
|align="center"|521
|align="center"|527,116
|align="center"|6,099,215
|-
|}
.* Excluding nursing homes

Medical facilities in Domkal subdivision are as follows: 
'''Hospitals''': (Name, location, beds)<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 18 September 2017}}</ref> 
Domkal Subdivisional Hospital, [[Domkal]], 68 beds

'''Rural Hospitals''' : (Name, block, location, beds)<ref name=medical/> 
Sadikhan's Dear Rural Hospital, Jalangi CD Block, [[Sadikhanr Diar|Sadikhan's Dear]], 30 beds 
Islampur Rural Hospital, Raninagar I CD Block, [[Islampur, Murshidabad|Islampur]], 30 beds 
Raninagar (Godhanpara) Rural Hospital, Raninagar II CD Block, [[Raninagar]], 15 beds

'''Block Primary Health Centres''': (Name, block, location, beds)<ref name=medical/> 
Bhagirathpur BPHC, Domkal CD Block, Bhagirathpur, 10 beds

'''Primary Health Centres''': (CD Block-wise)(CD Block, PHC location, beds)<ref name=medical/> 
Domkal CD Block: Garaimari (4), Jitpur (10) 
Jalangi CD Block: Faridpur (4), [[Sagarpara]] (10) 
Raninagar I CD Block: Hurshi, Maricha (6), Herampur (10) 
Raninagar II CD Block: Bilpocha Kobra, Nabipur (6), Katlamari (10)

==Electoral constituencies==
[[Lok Sabha]] (parliamentary) and [[Vidhan Sabha]] (state assembly) constituencies in Domkal subdivision were as follows:<ref name=delimitation>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/WestBengal/FINAL%20ORDER%20NOTIFICATION_English.pdf | title = Delimitation Commission Order No. 18, 15 February 2006 | access-date= 9 September 2017|work = West Bengal| publisher= Election Commission of India}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Lok Sabha constituency ||Reservation||Vidhan Sabha constituency ||Reservation||CD Block and/or Gram panchayats and/or municipal areas
|-
|[[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]]||None||[[Raninagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raninagar]]||None||[[Raninagar I]] CD Block, Kalinagar I, Kalinagar II, Malibari I, Malibari II and Raninagar I GPs of [[Raninagar II]] CD Block and Dhulauri GP of [[Domkal (community development block)|Domkal]] CD Block
|-
| || ||[[Domkal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Domkal]]||None||Ajimganjgola, Bhagirathpur, Domkal, Garaimari, Garibpur, Ghoramara, Jitpur, Juginda, Juranpur, Madhurkul, Raipur and Sarangpur GPs of [[Domkal (community development block)|Domkal]] CD Block
|-
| || ||[[Jalangi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jalangi]]||None||[[Jalangi (community development block)|Jalangi]] CD Block, and Katlamari I, Katlamari II, Rajapur and Raninagar II GPs of [[Raninagar II]] CD Block
|-
| || ||[[Bhagabangola (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhagabangola]] in [[Lalbag subdivision]]||None||[[Bhagawangola II]] [[Community Development Block in India|community development block]] and Bhagawangola, Habaspur, Hanumantanagar, Kuthirampur, Mahammadpur, Mahisasthali and Sundarpur [[gram panchayat]]s of [[Bhagawangola I]] CD Block
|-
| || ||[[Murshidabad (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]] in [[Lalbag subdivision]]||None||[[Murshidabad]] municipality, [[Jiaganj Azimganj]] municipality and [[Murshidabad-Jiaganj]] CD Block
|-
| || ||[[Hariharpara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Hariharpara]] in [[Barhampur subdivision]]||None||[[Hariharpara (community development block)|Hariharpara]] CD Block and Chhaighari and Madanpur GPs of [[Berhampore (community development block)|Berhampore]] CD Block
|-
| || ||One assembly segment in [[Tehatta subdivision]] of Nadia district|| ||
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Murshidabad District}}
{{Murshidabad topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Domkol Subdivision}}
[[Category:Subdivisions in Murshidabad district]]