DeangeloSchwing: updated details

2026-03-06T09:15:38Z

updated details

218.159.38.217: /* External links */

2021-07-02T06:10:30Z

External links

New page

{{short description|ethnic group with origins in the Indian subcontinent}}
{{Redirect|Doms (people)|a Bengali Hindu caste|Doms}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Dom
| flag = Roma flag.svg
| flag_caption = Domari / Romani flag
| image =
| caption =
| population = 2.2 million (estimated)
| popplace = [[Middle East]], [[North Africa]]
| langs = [[Domari language|Domari]], [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Arabic language|Arabic]] <small>(also [[Dialects of Arabic|various dialects]])</small>, [[Azerbaijani language|Azeri]], [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]], [[Turkish language|Turkish]], [[Pushtu language|Pushtu]], [[Syriac language|Syriac]], [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]
| rels = [[Romani mythology|Romani religion]], [[Islam]], [[Christianity]]
| related-c = [[Romani people]], [[Lom people]], [[Domba]], other [[Indo-Aryans]]
}}
{{Romani people}}

The '''Dom''' (also called '''Domi'''; {{lang-ar|دومي}} / [[ALA-LC]]: ''{{transl|ar|ALA|Dūmī}}'', {{lang|ar|دومري}} / {{transl|ar|ALA|Dūmrī}}, '''Ḍom''' / {{lang|ar|ضوم}} or {{lang|ar|دوم}}, or sometimes also called '''Doms''') are a people with origins in the [[Indian subcontinent]] which through ancient migrations are found scattered across the [[Western Asia]], [[North Africa]], [[Caucasus]], [[Central Asia]], [[Eastern Anatolia Region]] and still parts of the Indian subcontinent. The traditional language of the Dom is [[Domari language|Domari]], an endangered [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan language]], thereby making the Dom an [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan ethnic group]]. They have been associated with other traditionally [[Itinerant groups in Europe|itinerant]] ethnic groups, called the Rom/Roma/[[Romani people]] and [[Lom people]]: the three groups have been said to have separated from each other or, at least, to share a similar history. Specifically, the ancestors of the Dom, the [[Domba]] left the Indian subcontinent sometime between [[late antiquity]] and the [[Early Middle Ages]].

== Culture ==
The Dom have an oral tradition and express their [[culture]] and history through music, poetry and dance. Initially, it was believed that they were a branch of the [[Romani people]], but recent studies of the Domari language suggest that they departed from the [[Indian subcontinent]]<ref name = What_is_Domari>{{cite web|title=Domari|url=http://romani.humanities.manchester.ac.uk/files/21_domari.shtml|work=[romani] project|publisher=School of Languages, Linguistics and Cultures The University of Manchester|access-date=26 December 2012|first=Yaron |last=Matras|date=December 2012}}</ref> later than the Romani, probably around the 6th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=On Romani Origins and Identity|url=http://www.radoc.net/radoc.php?doc=art_b_history_origins&lang=en&articles=true|work=RADOC|publisher=RADOC The Romani Archives and Documentation Center, The University of Texas at Austin|access-date=26 December 2012|author=Ian Hancock|year=2007–2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717140132/http://www.radoc.net/radoc.php?doc=art_b_history_origins&lang=en&articles=true|archive-date=17 July 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=September 2013}}

The word Dom are used to describe peoples who remained in Persia and [[Eastern Anatolia Region]]/Turkey.<ref name="Kenrick2004">{{cite book|author=Donald Kenrick|title=Gypsies: From the Ganges to the Thames|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=df2mIOnbrDoC&pg=PA24|access-date=26 December 2012|year=2004|publisher=Univ of Hertfordshire Press|isbn=978-1-902806-23-5|pages=24–}}</ref>

Among the various Domari subgroups, the [[Ghawazi]] are the most famous for their dancing and music. The Ghawazi dancers have been associated with the development of the Egyptian [[raqs sharqi]] style.

== Distribution ==
{{Refimprove|section|date=June 2021}}
The majority of the estimated population of 2.2 million live in [[Iran]], Eastern Anatolia Region in [[Turkey]] and [[Egypt]] with significant numbers in [[Iraq]]. Smaller populations are found in [[Afghanistan]], [[Libya]], [[Tunisia]], [[Algeria]], [[Morocco]], [[Sudan]], [[Jordan]], [[Syria]] and other countries of the Middle East and North Africa.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}

The actual population is unknown as some Dom are excluded from [[census|national censuses]] and others label themselves in national terms rather than as Dom. Nowadays, they speak the dominant languages of their larger societies, but Domari, their [[national language]], continues to be spoken by more insular communities. Iranians called them ''gurbati'' or ''kouli'', the former meaning "poor" and the latter meaning "foreigners".{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}

There is a large concentration of Dom in Jordan. Researchers have written that "they accommodate Arab racism by hiding their ethnic identity", since they would not be accepted into Arabian society once their true identity is revealed. In Jordan, they call themselves Bani Murra.<ref>Marsh, Adrian & Strand, Elin (red.) (2006). ''Gypsies and the problem of identities: contextual, constructed and contested''. Istanbul: Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul (Svenska forskningsinstitutet i Istanbul), [https://books.google.com/books?id=u52vzyK3v7EC&pg=PA207 p. 207]</ref>

==See also==
*[[Jat of Afghanistan]]
*[[Lyuli]]
*[[Nawar (Syria)]]
*[[Zott]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
*Tarlan, K. V (2018). [http://www.middleeastgypsies.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/DOM-RAPOR-EN.pdf "Encouraging Integration and Social Cohesion of Syrian Dom Immigrants Proposal for a Regional Social Inclusion Strategy Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan".] Gaziantep: Kırkayak Kültür.
*Tarlan, K. V., Faggo, H (2018). [https://www.academia.edu/34780584/The_Dom_The_Other_Asylum_Seekers_from_Syria_Report.pdf "The 'Other' Asylum Seekers from Syria: Discrimination, Isolation, and Social Exclusion. Syrian Dom Asylum Seekers in the Crossfire".] Gaziantep: Kırkayak Kültür - Kemal Vural Tarlan, Hacer Foggo.

== External links ==
{{commonscat}}
* [http://www.domresearchcenter.com/ Dom Research Center]
* [http://www.thisweekinpalestine.com/details.php?id=2209&ed=144&edid=144 "The Gypsies of Jerusalem: the Forgotten People" By Amoun Sleem]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091026234232/http://geocities.com/domarisociety/ Domari The society of Gypsies in Jerusalem]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093040/http://www.valery-novoselsky.org/israelroma.html "The Gypsy People of Israel, Gaza & the West Bank" by Valery Novoselsky]
* [http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4445701,00.html "Evolving, educating: Israel's Gypsy community" by Roi Mandel]
* [http://www.insanassociation.org/en/images/The_Dom_People_and_their_Children_in_lebanon.pdf "The Dom People and their Children in Lebanon" by Terre des Hommes]
* [http://www.domresearchcenter.com/journal/current.html "From The Occupation of Iraq to 'The Arab Spring': Gypsies in the Middle East" by Kemal Vural Tarlan]
* [http://www.middleeastgypsies.com Middle East Gypsies]

{{Dom people}}
{{Ethnic groups in Egypt}}
{{Romani diaspora}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dom People}}
[[Category:Dom people| ]]
[[Category:Romani in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Romani in Egypt]]
[[Category:Romani in Jordan]]
[[Category:Romani in Lebanon]]
[[Category:Romani in Libya]]
[[Category:Romani in Tunisia]]
[[Category:Romani in Morocco]]
[[Category:Romani in Syria]]
[[Category:Romani in Sudan]]
[[Category:Romani in India]]
[[Category:Romani in Iran]]
[[Category:Romani in Iraq]]
[[Category:Romani in Israel]]
[[Category:Romani in the State of Palestine]]
[[Category:Romani in Turkey]]
[[Category:Indo-Aryan peoples]]
[[Category:Romani in Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Romani in Algeria]]

Dom people - Revision history

DeangeloSchwing: updated details

218.159.38.217: /* External links */