https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Divan_%28architecture%29Divan (architecture) - Revision history2026-09-07T13:46:15ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Divan_(architecture)&diff=115554&oldid=prev>R Prazeres: updating short description2021-03-02T07:27:42Z<p>updating short description</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{short description|Type of reception hall}}{{More citations needed|date=March 2021}}[[File:Agra Fort 20.jpg|thumb|300px|Dīwān-e-Khās at [[Agra Fort]]]]<br />
'''Diwan''' or '''Divan''' is a term of [[Persian language|Persian]] origin referring to various types of reception halls.<ref name=":162">{{Cite book|last=Petersen|first=Andrew|title=Dictionary of Islamic architecture|publisher=Routledge|year=1996|isbn=9781134613663|location=|pages=|chapter=}}</ref> The term occurs in various examples of [[Islamic architecture]], where it can also refer to a government council chamber (related to the ''[[divan]]''), as well as in a more specific sense in [[Mughal architecture]].<ref name=":162" /> They tend to occur in pairs in the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] imperial capitals; the most famous ones are in [[Agra Fort]], but there are others in [[Red Fort]], [[Delhi]] and [[Fatehpur Sikri]] and certain other princely capitals such as [[Amber, India|Amber]] and also in [[Lahore Fort]] [[Pakistan]]. <br />
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==Dīwān-e-Ām==<br />
The ''Dīwān-e-Ām'' (Persian ديوان عام), also ''Divan-i-Aam'', was the court's ''Hall of Public Audience'', where the ruler held mass audience. He would sit on his throne facing petitioners. His minister would assemble the petitions and refer them to the ''Dīwān-e-Khās'' for private audience. It was made by Shah Jahan.<br />
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==Dīwān-e-Khās==<br />
{{redirect|Diwan-i-Khas|text=For specific buildings with this name, see [[Diwan-i-Khas (Lahore Fort)]] and [[Diwan-i-Khas (Red Fort)]]}}<br />
The ''Dīwān-e-Khās'' (Persian: ديوان خاص) was the court's ''Hall of Private Audience'', smaller than the ''Dīwān-e-Ām''. Here envoys and other honoured guests were granted a personal audience with the ruler. At [[Agra]], the ''Dīwān-i-Khās'' is a small marble structure near the ''Dīwān-e-Ām''. It is inside a red fort. It was the most ornamental building built by Shahjhan. It was decorated by gems and gold silver linings. A channel built by marble in which water flows justifies its exceptional beauty. On one of its walls this verse in Persian language is written:{{cn|date= August 2016}}{{quote|If there is paradise anywhere on earth <br />
it is here, it is here, it is here}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
[[Category:Islamic architecture]]<br />
[[Category:Mughal architecture]]<br />
[[Category:Ottoman architecture]]</div>>R Prazeres