Dhrishtadyumna - Revision history

CathernQsh: small fix

2026-02-14T09:12:48Z

small fix

103.216.213.45 at 10:57, 5 November 2023

2023-11-05T10:57:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:27, 5 November 2023
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	\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}		\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}
	\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)		\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)
	\| spouse = {{Bulleted list\|[[List of Characters in Mahabharata#Shashwathi\|Shashwathi]] (daughter of [[Pandu]] and [[Madri]]\| [[List of characters in Mahabharata#Shashirekha\|Shashirekha]] (princess of [[Brihadratha dynasty]] and sister of [[Jarasandha]]\| [[Ajavanti]]\|		\| spouse = {{Bulleted list\|[[List of Characters in Mahabharata#Shashwathi\|Shashwathi]] (daughter of [[Pandu]] and [[Madri]])\| [[List of characters in Mahabharata#Shashirekha\|Shashirekha]] (princess of [[Brihadratha dynasty]] and sister of [[Jarasandha]])\| [[Ajavanti]]\|
	[[Dhanumati (wife of Dhrishtadyumna )\|Dhanumati]] ([[Kalinga\|Kalinga]] princess, daughter of Chitrangada and sister of [[Bhanumati (Mahabharata)\|Bhanumati]])\|		[[Dhanumati (wife of Dhrishtadyumna )\|Dhanumati]] ([[Kalinga\|Kalinga]] princess, daughter of Chitrangada and sister of [[Bhanumati (Mahabharata)\|Bhanumati]])\|
	Bhanumitra \|		Bhanumitra \|

103.216.213.45 at 10:56, 5 November 2023

2023-11-05T10:56:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:26, 5 November 2023
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	\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}		\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}
	\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)		\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)
	\| spouse = [[List of Characters in Mahabharata#Shashwathi\|Shashwathi]], [[List of characters in Mahabharata#Shashirekha\|Shashirekha]],		\| spouse = {{Bulleted list\|[[List of Characters in Mahabharata#Shashwathi\|Shashwathi]] (daughter of [[Pandu]] and [[Madri]]\| [[List of characters in Mahabharata#Shashirekha\|Shashirekha]] (princess of [[Brihadratha dynasty]] and sister of [[Jarasandha]]\| [[Ajavanti]]\|
	* [[Ajavanti]]		[[Dhanumati (wife of Dhrishtadyumna )\|Dhanumati]] ([[Kalinga\|Kalinga]] princess, daughter of Chitrangada and sister of [[Bhanumati (Mahabharata)\|Bhanumati]])\|
	* [[Dhanumati (wife of Dhrishtadyumna )\|Dhanumati]]		Bhanumitra \|
	* Bhanumitra		Dharmavati (cousin sister of [[Abhimanyu]] in Indonesia folktales)}}
	* Dharmavati
	}}		}}

Gomateshwari at 17:24, 16 January 2023

2023-01-16T17:24:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:54, 16 January 2023
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	\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}		\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}
	\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)		\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)
	\| spouse = [[List of Characters in Mahabharata\|Shashwathi]], [[List of characters in Mahabharata\|Shashirekha]],		\| spouse = [[List of Characters in Mahabharata#Shashwathi\|Shashwathi]], [[List of characters in Mahabharata#Shashirekha\|Shashirekha]],
	* [[Ajavanti]]		* [[Ajavanti]]
	* [[Dhanumati (wife of Dhrishtadyumna )\|Dhanumati]]		* [[Dhanumati (wife of Dhrishtadyumna )\|Dhanumati]]

Gomateshwari at 11:05, 8 January 2023

2023-01-08T11:05:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:35, 8 January 2023
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	\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)		\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)
	\| spouse = [[List of Characters in Mahabharata\|Shashwathi]], [[List of characters in Mahabharata\|Shashirekha]],		\| spouse = [[List of Characters in Mahabharata\|Shashwathi]], [[List of characters in Mahabharata\|Shashirekha]],
	* [[~~Draft:Ajavanti\|~~Ajavanti]],		* [[Ajavanti]]
	* [[~~Draft:~~Dhanumati\|Dhanumati]],		* [[Dhanumati (wife of Dhrishtadyumna )\|Dhanumati]]
	* ~~[[Draft:Dharmavati\|Dharmavati]],~~		* Bhanumitra
	* ~~[[Draft:Bhanumitra\|Bhanumitra]] and many other wives~~		* Dharmavati
	}}		}}

103.210.202.141 at 15:01, 3 December 2022

2022-12-03T15:01:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:31, 3 December 2022
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	\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}		\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}
	\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)		\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)
	\| spouse = [[List of Characters in Mahabharata\|Shashwathi]], [[List of characters in Mahabharata\|Shashirekha]] and many other wives		\| spouse = [[List of Characters in Mahabharata\|Shashwathi]], [[List of characters in Mahabharata\|Shashirekha]],
			* [[Draft:Ajavanti\|Ajavanti]],
			* [[Draft:Dhanumati\|Dhanumati]],
			* [[Draft:Dharmavati\|Dharmavati]],
			* [[Draft:Bhanumitra\|Bhanumitra]] and many other wives
	}}		}}

172.70.218.190 at 08:59, 26 November 2022

2022-11-26T08:59:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:29, 26 November 2022
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	\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}		\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}
	\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)		\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)
	\| spouse =		\| spouse = [[List of Characters in Mahabharata\|Shashwathi]], [[List of characters in Mahabharata\|Shashirekha]] and many other wives
	}}		}}

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

2022-04-16T02:40:53Z

robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:10, 16 April 2022
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	\| alt =		\| alt =
	\| caption = A painting of Dhrishtadyumna riding a chariot		\| caption = A painting of Dhrishtadyumna riding a chariot
	~~\| relatives = [[Pandavas]] (brothers-in-law)~~
	\| home = Panchala		\| home = Panchala
	\| info-hdr = Information		\| info-hdr = Information
	\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}		\| family = {{ubl\|[[Drupada]] (father)\|[[Draupadi]] (sister)\|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)\|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}
	\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)		\| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)
			\| spouse =
	}}		}}

	According to the [[Hindu epic]] ''[[Mahabharata]]'', '''Dhrishtadyumna''' ({{lang-sa\|धृष्टद्द्युम्न\|dhṛṣṭadyumna\|he who is courageous and splendorous}}) was the son of [[Drupada]]—the king of [[Panchala (Mahabharata)\|Panchala Kingdom]]—and the twin brother of [[Draupadi]].		According to the [[Hindu epic]] ''[[Mahabharata]]'', '''Dhrishtadyumna''' ({{lang-sa\|धृष्टद्द्युम्न\|dhṛṣṭadyumna\|he who is courageous and splendorous}}) was the son of [[Drupada]]—the king of [[Panchala (Mahabharata)\|Panchala Kingdom]]—and the twin brother of [[Draupadi]].

	Dhrishtadyumna was born from a ''[[yajna]]'' (fire-sacrifice) organised by Drupada, who wanted a son capable of killing his enemy [[Drona]]. When the [[Pandava]] prince [[Arjuna]]—disguised as a ''[[brahmin]]''—won the hands of Draupadi in marriage, Dhrishtadyumna figured out his identity. Later in the [[Kurukshetra War]], Dhrishtadyumna supported ~~his brothers-in-law~~ [[Pandavas]] and was a successful commander-in-chief of their army. On the fifteenth day of the war, he beheaded [[Drona]], fulfilling the mission of his birth.		Dhrishtadyumna was born from a ''[[yajna]]'' (fire-sacrifice) organised by Drupada, who wanted a son capable of killing his enemy [[Drona]]. When the [[Pandava]] prince [[Arjuna]]—disguised as a ''[[brahmin]]''—won the hands of Draupadi in marriage, Dhrishtadyumna figured out his identity. Later in the [[Kurukshetra War]], Dhrishtadyumna supported the [[Pandavas]] and was a successful commander-in-chief of their army. On the fifteenth day of the war, he beheaded [[Drona]], fulfilling the mission of his birth.

	==Birth==		==Birth==
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	This was followed by the emergence of a beautiful maiden from the fire. The sages named the youth Dhrishtadyumna and the maiden was named Krishnaa but she is better known by her patronymic, [[Draupadi]].{{sfn\|Chakrabarti\|Bandyopadhyay\|2017}}<ref name = "C169" />{{sfn\|Mani\|1975\|p=234}}		This was followed by the emergence of a beautiful maiden from the fire. The sages named the youth Dhrishtadyumna and the maiden was named Krishnaa but she is better known by her patronymic, [[Draupadi]].{{sfn\|Chakrabarti\|Bandyopadhyay\|2017}}<ref name = "C169" />{{sfn\|Mani\|1975\|p=234}}

	After some time, Drona heard about Dhrishtadyumna and invited him to his kingdom. Even though Drona knew about Dhrishtadyumna's prophesy, he happily accepted him as a student and taught him advanced military arts.{{sfn\|Mani\|1975\|p=234}}<ref name = "C169" />		After some time, Drona heard about Dhrishtadyumna and invited him to his kingdom. Even though Drona knew about Dhrishtadyumna's prophesy, he happily accepted him as a student and taught him advanced military arts,making him a very powerful warrior and highly knowledgeable about celestial weapons.Dhrishtadyumna became an Maharathi under Guru Drona tutelage.{{sfn\|Mani\|1975\|p=234}}<ref name = "C169" />

	==Draupadi's Swayamvar==		==Draupadi's Swayamvar==
	[[File:Drishtadumnya announces about the Draupadi Swayamvara.jpg\|thumb\|Dhrishtadyumna explaining the rules of the competition]]		[[File:Drishtadumnya announces about the Draupadi Swayamvara.jpg\|thumb\|Dhrishtadyumna explaining the rules of the competition]]
	Dhrishtadyumna hosted his sister Draupadi's [[swayamvar]] and told its rules to the kings and princes. When a young [[Brahmin]] won Draupadi in front of all the princes and nobility, Dhrishtadyumna secretly followed the Brahmin and his sister, only to discover that the Brahmin was in fact [[Arjuna]], one of the five [[Pandava]] brothers.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Kapoor\|first=Subodh\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HJ6O8nwsFWgC~~&pg=PA117~~&dq=dhrishtadyumna+swayamvara#q=~~dhrishtadyumna%20swayamvara~~\|title=A Dictionary of Hinduism: Including Its Mythology, Religion, History, Literature and Pantheon\|date=November 2004\|publisher=Cosmo Publications\|isbn=978-81-7755-874-6\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Rao\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fWWbFwsTnz8C~~&pg=PP67~~&dq=dhrishtadyumna+in+~~war#q~~=~~dhrishtadyumna%20followed%20them~~\|title=Mahabharata, The(Illustrated)\|last2=Rameshwar\|first2=Shanta\|date=1985\|publisher=Orient Blackswan\|isbn=978-81-250-2280-0\|language=en}}</ref>		Dhrishtadyumna hosted his sister Draupadi's [[swayamvar]] and told its rules to the kings and princes. When a young [[Brahmin]] won Draupadi in front of all the princes and nobility, Dhrishtadyumna secretly followed the Brahmin and his sister, only to discover that the Brahmin was in fact [[Arjuna]], one of the five [[Pandava]] brothers.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Kapoor\|first=Subodh\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HJ6O8nwsFWgC&dq=dhrishtadyumna+swayamvara&pg=PA117\|title=A Dictionary of Hinduism: Including Its Mythology, Religion, History, Literature and Pantheon\|date=November 2004\|publisher=Cosmo Publications\|isbn=978-81-7755-874-6\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Rao\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fWWbFwsTnz8C&dq=dhrishtadyumna+followed+them&pg=PP67\|title=Mahabharata, The(Illustrated)\|last2=Rameshwar\|first2=Shanta\|date=1985\|publisher=Orient Blackswan\|isbn=978-81-250-2280-0\|language=en}}</ref>

			==Marriage and children==

	~~==Marriage and children==~~		Dhrishtadyumna had multiple wives. He had 4 sons - Kshtradharman,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m07/m07023.htm\|title=The Mahabharata, Book 7: Drona Parva: Dronabhisheka Parva: Section XXIII\|website=www.sacred-texts.com}}</ref> Kshatravarman,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshatravarman\|title=Kshatravarman, Kṣatravarman, Kshatra-varman: 1 definition\|date=9 March 2019\|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> Kshatranjaya<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshatranjaya\|title=Kshatranjaya, Kṣatrañjaya: 1 definition\|date=13 March 2019\|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> and Dhrishtaketu.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/dhrishtaketu\|title=Dhrishtaketu, Dhrishta-ketu, Dhṛṣṭaketu: 9 definitions\|date=29 June 2012\|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> The first 3 were killed in the [[Kurukshetra War]] by Drona, whereas Dhrishtaketu was killed by [[Karna]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/dhrishtadyumna\|title=Dhrishtadyumna, Dhrishta-dyumna, Dhṛṣṭadyumna: 9 definitions\|date=29 June 2012\|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref>
	~~[[File:Drestadyumna-kl.jpg\|thumb\|Dhristadyumna in Javanese [[Wayang]]]]~~
	Dhrishtadyumna had multiple wives.~~<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m10/m10008.htm\|title=The Mahabharata, Book 10: Sauptika Parva: Section 8\|website=www.sacred-texts.com}}</ref>~~ He had 4 sons - Kshtradharman,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m07/m07023.htm\|title=The Mahabharata, Book 7: Drona Parva: Dronabhisheka Parva: Section XXIII\|website=www.sacred-texts.com}}</ref> Kshatravarman,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshatravarman\|title=Kshatravarman, Kṣatravarman, Kshatra-varman: 1 definition\|date=9 March 2019\|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> Kshatranjaya<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshatranjaya\|title=Kshatranjaya, Kṣatrañjaya: 1 definition\|date=13 March 2019\|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> and Dhrishtaketu.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/dhrishtaketu\|title=Dhrishtaketu, Dhrishta-ketu, Dhṛṣṭaketu: 9 definitions\|date=29 June 2012\|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> The first 3 were killed in the [[Kurukshetra War]] by Drona, whereas Dhrishtaketu was killed by [[Karna]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/dhrishtadyumna\|title=Dhrishtadyumna, Dhrishta-dyumna, Dhṛṣṭadyumna: 9 definitions\|date=29 June 2012\|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref>

	==Kurukshetra War==		==Kurukshetra War==
	Dhristadyumna was appointed as the Senapati (commander-in-chief) of the Pandava Army in the [[Kurukshetra War]] against the [[Kauravas]]. He maintained his position till the end of the war. On the 15th day of the war, Drona killed Drupada. The Pandavas conceived a plot to capitalize on Drona's only weakness, his son [[Ashwatthama]]. The Pandava [[Bhima]] killed an elephant named Ashwatthama. The Pandavas spread the rumour of Ashwatthama's death. When Drona approached the eldest Pandava [[Yudhishthira]], he confirmed that Ashwatthama was killed, but murmured that it's the elephant; the latter part of his reply was overshadowed by conches of Pandava warriors. Thinking his son had died, Drona was heartbroken and surrendered his weapons. Drona sat down, started to meditate and his soul left his body in quest of Ashwatthama's soul. Dhristadyumna took his sword and decapitated Drona, killing him.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Buck\|first=William\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ztoPmjF0imEC~~&pg=PA279~~&dq=Dhrishtadyumna#q=~~Dhrishtadyumna~~\|title=Mahabharata\|date=2000\|publisher=University of California Press\|isbn=978-0-520-22704-0\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2016-11-11\|title=Dhrishtadyumna\|url=https://glorioushinduism.com/2016/11/11/dhrishtadyumna/\|access-date=2020-09-15\|website=Glorious Hinduism\|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Vishwananda\|first=Paramahamsa Sri Swami\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CJ3JDwAAQBAJ~~&pg=PT1398~~&dq=dhrishtadyumna~~+Kurukshetra+war#q~~=~~dhrishtadyumna~~\|title=Shreemad Bhagavad Gita: The Song of Love\|date=2017-01-12\|publisher=Bhakti Marga Publications\|isbn=978-3-940381-70-5\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Porwal\|first=Gunjan\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J2VuDwAAQBAJ&~~printsec=frontcover&dq~~=death~~+of~~+drona~~#q=death%20drona~~\|title=Ashwatthama's Redemption: The Rise of Dandak\|date=2018-09-12\|publisher=Om Books International\|isbn=978-93-5276-635-2\|language=en}}</ref>		Dhristadyumna was appointed as the Senapati (commander-in-chief) of the Pandava Army in the [[Kurukshetra War]] against the [[Kauravas]]. He maintained his position till the end of the war. On the 15th day of the war, Drona killed Drupada. The Pandavas conceived a plot to capitalize on Drona's only weakness, his son [[Ashwatthama]]. The Pandava [[Bhima]] killed an elephant named Ashwatthama. The Pandavas spread the rumour of Ashwatthama's death. When Drona approached the eldest Pandava [[Yudhishthira]], he confirmed that Ashwatthama was killed, but murmured that it's the elephant; the latter part of his reply was overshadowed by conches of Pandava warriors. Thinking his son had died, Drona was heartbroken and surrendered his weapons. Drona sat down, started to meditate and his soul left his body in quest of Ashwatthama's soul. Dhristadyumna took his sword and decapitated Drona, killing him.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Buck\|first=William\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ztoPmjF0imEC&dq=Dhrishtadyumna&pg=PA279\|title=Mahabharata\|date=2000\|publisher=University of California Press\|isbn=978-0-520-22704-0\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2016-11-11\|title=Dhrishtadyumna\|url=https://glorioushinduism.com/2016/11/11/dhrishtadyumna/\|access-date=2020-09-15\|website=Glorious Hinduism\|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Vishwananda\|first=Paramahamsa Sri Swami\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CJ3JDwAAQBAJ&dq=dhrishtadyumna&pg=PT1398\|title=Shreemad Bhagavad Gita: The Song of Love\|date=2017-01-12\|publisher=Bhakti Marga Publications\|isbn=978-3-940381-70-5\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Porwal\|first=Gunjan\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J2VuDwAAQBAJ&q=death+drona\|title=Ashwatthama's Redemption: The Rise of Dandak\|date=2018-09-12\|publisher=Om Books International\|isbn=978-93-5276-635-2\|language=en}}</ref>

	==Death==		==Death==
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	==Analysis==		==Analysis==
	In one of the many side-stories of the Mahabharata, there is a drama centred around the fact that Dhrishtadyumna, despite not being [[Drupada\|Drupada's]] eldest, is his heir. While Drupada and others give many reasons for this, it is implied that the real reason is that Dhristadyumna has a godly parent, and thus more coveted as a ruler since his rule would seem more blessed. Dhristadyumna somewhat internalizes this, looking down upon Satyajit's [[pacifism]] and [[Shikhandi\|Shikhandi's]] single-minded hatred of [[Bhisma]]~~. He makes a point out of never bowing to or respecting his siblings, never wanting to legitimize any claim to [[Panchal]] they might have~~.<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Debroy \|first1= Bibek \|date=June 2015 \|title=The Mahabharata, Volume 4 \|publisher=Penguin Books \|location=United Kingdom}}</ref>		In one of the many side-stories of the Mahabharata, there is a drama centred around the fact that Dhrishtadyumna, despite not being [[Drupada\|Drupada's]] eldest, is his heir. While Drupada and others give many reasons for this, it is implied that the real reason is that Dhristadyumna has a godly parent, and thus more coveted as a ruler since his rule would seem more blessed. Dhristadyumna somewhat internalizes this, looking down upon Satyajit's [[pacifism]] and [[Shikhandi\|Shikhandi's]] single-minded hatred of [[Bhisma]].<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Debroy \|first1= Bibek \|date=June 2015 \|title=The Mahabharata, Volume 4 \|publisher=Penguin Books \|location=United Kingdom}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==
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	===Sources===		===Sources===
	*{{cite book \|title = Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature \|url = https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/page/233/mode/1up \| publisher = Motilal Banarsidass Publishers \|year = 1975\| isbn = 978-0-8426-0822-0 \|first = Vettam\|last = Mani\|pages=}}		*{{cite book \|title = Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature \|url = https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/page/233/mode/1up \| publisher = Motilal Banarsidass Publishers \|year = 1975\| isbn = 978-0-8426-0822-0 \|first = Vettam\|last = Mani\|pages=}}
	* {{Cite book\|~~last~~=Chakrabarti\|~~first~~=Arindam\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=HuffCgAAQBAJ~~&pg=PT67~~&dq=ayonija+dhrstadyumna&hl=~~en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjMls7yqPHwAhVlxTgGHQmoDw0Q6AEwAnoECAoQAw#v=onepage&q=ayonija%20dhrstadyumna&f=false~~\|title=Mahabharata Now: Narration, Aesthetics, Ethics\|last2=Bandyopadhyay\|first2=Sibaji\|date=2017-09-19\|publisher=Routledge\|isbn=978-1-317-34213-7\|language=en}}		* {{Cite book\|last1=Chakrabarti\|first1=Arindam\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HuffCgAAQBAJ&dq=ayonija+dhrstadyumna&pg=PT67\|title=Mahabharata Now: Narration, Aesthetics, Ethics\|last2=Bandyopadhyay\|first2=Sibaji\|date=2017-09-19\|publisher=Routledge\|isbn=978-1-317-34213-7\|language=en}}

	==External links==		==External links==

106.51.141.12: /* Kurukshetra War */typo fix

2021-08-30T17:39:02Z

Kurukshetra War: typo fix

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{short description|Warrior of Panchala Kingdom in the epic Mahabharata}}
{{Infobox character
| color = #FFC569
| image = Drishtadyumna_as_Commander_in_chief_of_Pandava%27s_Army.jpg
| alt =
| caption = A painting of Dhrishtadyumna riding a chariot
| relatives = [[Pandavas]] (brothers-in-law)
| home = Panchala
| info-hdr = Information
| family = {{ubl|[[Drupada]] (father)|[[Draupadi]] (sister)|[[Shikhandi]] (sister turned brother)|[[Satyajit]] (brother)}}
| children = Kshatradharman, Kshatravarman, Kshatranjaya and Dhrishtaketu (sons)
}}
According to the [[Hindu epic]] ''[[Mahabharata]]'', '''Dhrishtadyumna''' ({{lang-sa|धृष्टद्द्युम्न|dhṛṣṭadyumna|he who is courageous and splendorous}}) was the son of [[Drupada]]—the king of [[Panchala (Mahabharata)|Panchala Kingdom]]—and the twin brother of [[Draupadi]].

Dhrishtadyumna was born from a ''[[yajna]]'' (fire-sacrifice) organised by Drupada, who wanted a son capable of killing his enemy [[Drona]]. When the [[Pandava]] prince [[Arjuna]]—disguised as a ''[[brahmin]]''—won the hands of Draupadi in marriage, Dhrishtadyumna figured out his identity. Later in the [[Kurukshetra War]], Dhrishtadyumna supported his brothers-in-law [[Pandavas]] and was a successful commander-in-chief of their army. On the fifteenth day of the war, he beheaded [[Drona]], fulfilling the mission of his birth.

==Birth==
[[ File: BILAL HABSI yaja upayaja performs yagna and emerges of dhristadhyumna.jpg|left|thumb|A [[Mughal painting]] by Bilal Habsi depicting the birth of Dhrishtadyumna. A folio of ''[[Razmnama]]'', the Persian translation of the epic]]
Dhishtadyumna, along with Draupadi, is described as an "''ayonija''", one not born from a woman's womb.{{sfn|Chakrabarti|Bandyopadhyay|2017}} His birth is narrated in the ''[[Adi Parva]]'' of the epic. According to the legend, [[Drupada]] once humiliated his childhood friend [[Drona]] because of his poor financial condition and this led to hatred between them. Drona then became the teacher of the [[Pandava]] brothers and they defeated and captured Drupada. Though Drona spared Drupada's life because of their past friendship, he forcefully took half of [[Panchala (Mahabharata)|Panchala]]. Humiliated by his defeat, Drupada wanted vengeance but since none of his children and allies was powerful enough to defeat Drona, he decided to perform a [[yajna]] (fire-sacrifice) to obtain a powerful son.{{sfn|Chakrabarti|Bandyopadhyay|2017}}{{sfn|Mani|1975|p=234}}

Drupada appointed the sages Upyaja and Yaja as the head-priests and the yajna was conducted.{{sfn|Mani|1975|p=252}} After it was completed, the sages instructed the queen of Drupada to consume the offering to have a son. However, the queen had scented saffron in her mouth and asked them to wait till she had a bath and washed her mouth.{{sfn|Chakrabarti|Bandyopadhyay|2017}}<ref name = "C169" /> Unable to wait, the sages poured the offering into the sacrificial altar, from which, a youth emerged. He was of fiery complexion and wore a crown on his head, an amour on his body and carried a sword, a bow as well as some arrows in his hands. He then went to a chariot and the people of Panchala rejoiced after seeing him.{{sfn|Mani|1975|p=234}}<ref name="C169">Ganguli 1889, [https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m01/m01170.htm Adi Parva: Chaitraratha Parva: Section CLXIX]</ref> Soon after his birth, a divine voice prophesied,
{{Quote|This prince hath been born for the destruction of Drona. He shall dispel all the fears of the Panchalas and spread their fame. He shall also remove the sorrow of the king.<ref name = "C169" />}}
This was followed by the emergence of a beautiful maiden from the fire. The sages named the youth Dhrishtadyumna and the maiden was named Krishnaa but she is better known by her patronymic, [[Draupadi]].{{sfn|Chakrabarti|Bandyopadhyay|2017}}<ref name = "C169" />{{sfn|Mani|1975|p=234}}

After some time, Drona heard about Dhrishtadyumna and invited him to his kingdom. Even though Drona knew about Dhrishtadyumna's prophesy, he happily accepted him as a student and taught him advanced military arts.{{sfn|Mani|1975|p=234}}<ref name = "C169" />

==Draupadi's Swayamvar==
[[File:Drishtadumnya announces about the Draupadi Swayamvara.jpg|thumb|Dhrishtadyumna explaining the rules of the competition]]
Dhrishtadyumna hosted his sister Draupadi's [[swayamvar]] and told its rules to the kings and princes. When a young [[Brahmin]] won Draupadi in front of all the princes and nobility, Dhrishtadyumna secretly followed the Brahmin and his sister, only to discover that the Brahmin was in fact [[Arjuna]], one of the five [[Pandava]] brothers.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kapoor|first=Subodh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HJ6O8nwsFWgC&pg=PA117&dq=dhrishtadyumna+swayamvara#q=dhrishtadyumna%20swayamvara|title=A Dictionary of Hinduism: Including Its Mythology, Religion, History, Literature and Pantheon|date=November 2004|publisher=Cosmo Publications|isbn=978-81-7755-874-6|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Rao|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fWWbFwsTnz8C&pg=PP67&dq=dhrishtadyumna+in+war#q=dhrishtadyumna%20followed%20them|title=Mahabharata, The(Illustrated)|last2=Rameshwar|first2=Shanta|date=1985|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-81-250-2280-0|language=en}}</ref>

==Marriage and children==
[[File:Drestadyumna-kl.jpg|thumb|Dhristadyumna in Javanese [[Wayang]]]]
Dhrishtadyumna had multiple wives.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m10/m10008.htm|title=The Mahabharata, Book 10: Sauptika Parva: Section 8|website=www.sacred-texts.com}}</ref> He had 4 sons - Kshtradharman,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m07/m07023.htm|title=The Mahabharata, Book 7: Drona Parva: Dronabhisheka Parva: Section XXIII|website=www.sacred-texts.com}}</ref> Kshatravarman,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshatravarman|title=Kshatravarman, Kṣatravarman, Kshatra-varman: 1 definition|date=9 March 2019|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> Kshatranjaya<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshatranjaya|title=Kshatranjaya, Kṣatrañjaya: 1 definition|date=13 March 2019|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> and Dhrishtaketu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/dhrishtaketu|title=Dhrishtaketu, Dhrishta-ketu, Dhṛṣṭaketu: 9 definitions|date=29 June 2012|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> The first 3 were killed in the [[Kurukshetra War]] by Drona, whereas Dhrishtaketu was killed by [[Karna]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/dhrishtadyumna|title=Dhrishtadyumna, Dhrishta-dyumna, Dhṛṣṭadyumna: 9 definitions|date=29 June 2012|website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref>

==Kurukshetra War==
Dhristadyumna was appointed as the Senapati (commander-in-chief) of the Pandava Army in the [[Kurukshetra War]] against the [[Kauravas]]. He maintained his position till the end of the war. On the 15th day of the war, Drona killed Drupada. The Pandavas conceived a plot to capitalize on Drona's only weakness, his son [[Ashwatthama]]. The Pandava [[Bhima]] killed an elephant named Ashwatthama. The Pandavas spread the rumour of Ashwatthama's death. When Drona approached the eldest Pandava [[Yudhishthira]], he confirmed that Ashwatthama was killed, but murmured that it's the elephant; the latter part of his reply was overshadowed by conches of Pandava warriors. Thinking his son had died, Drona was heartbroken and surrendered his weapons. Drona sat down, started to meditate and his soul left his body in quest of Ashwatthama's soul. Dhristadyumna took his sword and decapitated Drona, killing him.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Buck|first=William|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ztoPmjF0imEC&pg=PA279&dq=Dhrishtadyumna#q=Dhrishtadyumna|title=Mahabharata|date=2000|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-22704-0|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-11-11|title=Dhrishtadyumna|url=https://glorioushinduism.com/2016/11/11/dhrishtadyumna/|access-date=2020-09-15|website=Glorious Hinduism|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Vishwananda|first=Paramahamsa Sri Swami|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CJ3JDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT1398&dq=dhrishtadyumna+Kurukshetra+war#q=dhrishtadyumna|title=Shreemad Bhagavad Gita: The Song of Love|date=2017-01-12|publisher=Bhakti Marga Publications|isbn=978-3-940381-70-5|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Porwal|first=Gunjan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J2VuDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=death+of+drona#q=death%20drona|title=Ashwatthama's Redemption: The Rise of Dandak|date=2018-09-12|publisher=Om Books International|isbn=978-93-5276-635-2|language=en}}</ref>

==Death==
On the 18th night of the war, [[Ashwathama]] attacked the Pandava camp during the night, and killed Dhristadyumna. As Dhristadyumna begs for an honourable death, asking to die with a sword in his hand, Ashwathama ignores him, proceeding to beat and smother him to death rather than beheading him.<ref>K M Ganguly (1883-1896). [http://sacred-texts.com/hin/m10/m10007.htm The Mahabharatha Book 10: Sauptika Parva section 8] Ashwatthama killing Dhrishtadyumna, October 2003</ref>

==Analysis==
In one of the many side-stories of the Mahabharata, there is a drama centred around the fact that Dhrishtadyumna, despite not being [[Drupada|Drupada's]] eldest, is his heir. While Drupada and others give many reasons for this, it is implied that the real reason is that Dhristadyumna has a godly parent, and thus more coveted as a ruler since his rule would seem more blessed. Dhristadyumna somewhat internalizes this, looking down upon Satyajit's [[pacifism]] and [[Shikhandi|Shikhandi's]] single-minded hatred of [[Bhisma]]. He makes a point out of never bowing to or respecting his siblings, never wanting to legitimize any claim to [[Panchal]] they might have.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Debroy |first1= Bibek |date=June 2015 |title=The Mahabharata, Volume 4 |publisher=Penguin Books |location=United Kingdom}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

===Sources===
*{{cite book |title = Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature |url = https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/page/233/mode/1up | publisher = Motilal Banarsidass Publishers |year = 1975| isbn = 978-0-8426-0822-0 |first = Vettam|last = Mani|pages=}}
* {{Cite book|last=Chakrabarti|first=Arindam|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=HuffCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT67&dq=ayonija+dhrstadyumna&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjMls7yqPHwAhVlxTgGHQmoDw0Q6AEwAnoECAoQAw#v=onepage&q=ayonija%20dhrstadyumna&f=false|title=Mahabharata Now: Narration, Aesthetics, Ethics|last2=Bandyopadhyay|first2=Sibaji|date=2017-09-19|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-34213-7|language=en}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Dhrishtadyumna}}
{{Mahābhārata}}

[[Category:Characters in the Mahabharata]]