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{{Short description|Sixth octave in Indian classical music}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
[[File:Dhaivat (Dha).jpg|thumb|Dhaivata (Dha)]]
'''Dhaivata''' ({{Langx|sa|धैवत|translit=Dhaivata}} {{IPA|sa|d̪ʱaɪ̯ʋɐt̪ɐ|}}) is the sixth and penultimate [[svara]] of [[Hindustani music|Hindustani]] and [[Carnatic music]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rahaim |first1=Matthew |title=Musicking Bodies: Gesture and Voice in Hindustani Music |date=20 May 2013 |publisher=Wesleyan University Press |isbn=978-0-8195-7327-8 |page=93 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eBNEEvVb3g4C&dq=Dhaivat&pg=PA93 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://raag-hindustani.com/Notes.html|title = The Notes in an Octave in Indian Classical Music - Raag Hindustani}}</ref> Dhaivata is the long form of the syllable ध (Dha).<ref>https://brainly.in/question/4916824 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>

==Details==
The following is the information about Dhaivata and its importance in [[Indian classical music]]:

* Dhaivata is the sixth svara in an octave or [[Saptak]].
* Dhaivata is the immediate next svara of [[Pancham (svara)|Pancham]] (Pa).
* The [[svara]] of Dhaivata is {{lang|hi-Latn|Komal}} and Shuddha.
* It is said that Shadja is the basic svara from which all the other six svaras are produced. When we break the word Shadja then we get, Shad And Ja. It means that Shad is 6 and ja is 'giving birth' in [[marathi (language)|Marathi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://saxonianfolkways.wordpress.com/2013/01/30/the-7-shadows-of-shadja|title = The 7 Shadows of Shadja|date = 30 January 2013}}</ref> So basically the translation is :
'''षड् - 6, ज -जन्म . Therefore, it collectively means giving birth to the other 6 notes of the music.'''
So the svara Dha is formed from [[Shadja]].
* The frequency of Dhaivata is 400 Hz. The frequencies of the seven svaras are also given below: Sa 240 Hz, Re 270 Hz, Ga 300 Hz, Ma 320 Hz, Pa 360 Hz, Dha 400 Hz, and Ni 450 Hz, Sa 480 Hz (Taar Saptak) ........ (and so on).
Consequently, the Dha after the Pa of 320  Hz (Taar Saptak) has a frequency of 800  Hz i.e. the double of the Lower octave Dha.
There are 3 [[Shruti (music)|Shruti]] of Dhaivata. Previously the main Shruti, not only for Re but for all the other svaras, was on the last Shruti but now it is considered to be on the 1st Shrurti.
For example, if these are the 3 Shruti's of Re then,

'''Previously this was the position of the main Shruti of Re'''.
'''^'''
'''1 2 3'''
''' ^'''
'''But now this position has become the main Shruti of Re'''.
* All the other svaras except Shadja (Sa) and Pancham (Pa) can be {{lang|hi-Latn|Komal}} or {{lang|hi-Latn|Tivra svaras}} but Sa and Pa are always Shuddha svaras. And hence svaras Sa and Pa are called '''Achal Svaras''', since these svaras don't move from their original position. Svaras Ra, Ga, Ma, Dha, Ni are called '''Chal Svaras''', since these svaras move from their original position.

'''Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni - Shuddha Svaras'''

'''Re, Ga, Dha, Ni - {{lang|hi-Latn|Komal}} Svaras'''

'''Ma - {{lang|hi-Latn|Tivra}} Svaras'''

* Ragas from [[Bhairav Thaat]], [[Poorvi Thaat]], [[Asavari Thaat]], [[Bhairavi Thaat]] and [[Todi Thaat]] have Komal Dhaivata, rest of the [[thaat]]s have Shuddha Dhaivata.
* Ragas where Dha is the Vadi svara - Raga [[Bhairav (raga)|Bhairav]], etc. Ragas where Dha is the Samvadi svara - Raga Kalingda, etc.
* Dhaivata is said to be sourced from the neighing of the [[horse]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://adharashadja.wordpress.com/2017/03/21/swara-and-shruti/#:~:text=SHRUTIS|title = Swara and Shruti|date = 21 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dollsofindia.com/library/raga_ragini/|title = The Raga Ragini System of Indian Classical Music|date = 15 March 2007}}</ref>
* Dhaivata is associated with the planet [[Jupiter]].<ref name="auto"/>
* Dhaivata is associated with [[Yellow]] colour.<ref name="auto"/>

==See also==
* [[List of Ragas in Hindustani classical music]]
* [[Svara]]
* [[Shadja (svara)|Shadja]] (Sa)
* [[Rishabh (svara)|Rishabha]] (Re)
* [[Gandhar (svara)|Gandhara]] (Ga)
* [[Madhyam (svara)|Madhyam]] (Ma)
* [[Pancham (svara)|Pancham]] (Pa)
* [[Nishad (svara)|Nishada]] (Ni)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Hindustani music]]
[[Category:Carnatic music]]

Dhaivata (svara) - Revision history

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