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{{Short description|City in Jharkhand, India}}
{{About|the municipality in India|its namesake district|Deoghar district|its namesake community development block|Deoghar (community development block)|its namesake subdivision|Deoghar subdivision}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Deoghar
| other_name = Baba Baidyanath Dham Devaghar
| native_name_lang = Hindi
| settlement_type =
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = PRAYER IN SATSANG ASHRAM (DEOGHAR,JHARKHAND).jpg
| photo2a = Deoghar railway station.jpg
| photo2b = Sacred Pond - Baidyanath Dham Temple Complex - Deoghar.jpg
| photo3a = Naulakkha Temple - Deoghar - Jharkhand (1).jpg
}}
| image_alt = multiple views of Deoghar
| image_caption = 1. Prayer in the Satsang Ashram; 2. Deoghar railway station; 3. Sacred pond at the Baidyanath Dham Temple; 4. Naulakkha Temple
| nickname = Abode of God
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Jharkhand#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|24.48|N|86.7|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Jharkhand]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Deoghar district|Deoghar]]
| established_date =
| government_type =
| governing_body = Deoghar Municipal Corporation
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name='Deoghar City'>{{Cite web|url=https://udhd.jharkhand.gov.in/ulb/deoghar/deoghar.aspx|title=Deoghar Municipal Corporation|website=udhd.jharkhand.gov.in}}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 119
| elevation_m = 254
| population_total = 203,123
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name='Deoghar City'/>
| demographics_type1 = Languages (*For language details see [[Deoghar (community development block)#Language and religion]])
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 814112
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 06432
| registration_plate = JH-15
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = 921 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Godda (Lok Sabha constituency)|Godda]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Deoghar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Deoghar]]
| website = {{URL|https://deoghar.nic.in/}}
}}
'''Deoghar''' (pronounced ''Devaghar'') is a major city in [[Jharkhand]], India. It is a holy sacred place of [[Hinduism]]. It is one of the [[Jyotirlinga|12 ''Jyotirlinga''s]] sites of Hinduism ([[Baidyanath Temple]]). The sacred temples of the city make this a place for pilgrimage and tourists. The city is administrative headquarter of [[Deoghar district|Deoghar District]] at [[Santhal Parganas]] division of [[Jharkhand]].

==Etymology==
Deoghar is a Hindi word and the literal meaning of ‘Deoghar’ is abode (‘ghar’) of the Gods and Goddesses (‘dev’). Deoghar is also known as “Baidyanath Dham”, “Baba Dham”, “B. Deoghar”. The origin of Baidyanathdham is lost in antiquity. It has been referred to as Haritakivan or Ketakivan in Sanskrit Texts. The name Deoghar seems to be of recent origin and probably dates from the erection of the great temple of Lord Baidyanath. Although the name of the builder of the temple is not traceable, certain parts of the front portion of the temple are said to have been built by Puran Mal, an ancestor of the Maharaja of Giddhour, in 1596. Deoghar is a place of worship for Lord Shiva, in the month of Shravan many devotees take ganga jal from Sultanganj to Deoghar for worship and they get the desired wish of their life.<ref name="deoghar.nic.in">{Url=http://deoghar.nic.in/history}</ref>

==Religious significance==
Deoghar, also known as Baidyanath Dham, is an important Hindu pilgrimage site. It is one of the twelve and also one of the 51, and is famous for the mela of Shrawan, 4th month according to the Hindu calendar system. It is, along with Shrisailam, one of the few places in India where the Jyotirlinga and the Shaktipeeth are together, lying side beside each other. Each year between July and August (on the eve of the month of Shrawan) in Deoghar Yatra, about 7 to 8 million devotees come from various part of India bringing holy water from various areas of Ganges at Sultanganj, which is almost {{cvt|108|km}} from Deoghar, in order to offer it to Lord Shiva. During that month, a line of people in saffron-dyed clothes stretches over the full {{cvt|108|km}}. It is the longest Mela of Asia.<ref name="deoghar.nic.in"/>

The temple of Baidyanath or Lord Shiva is the most important of all the temples in the courtyard. The temple faces the east and is a plain stone structure with a pyramidal tower, 72 feet tall. The top contains three ascending shaped gold vessels that are compactly set, and were donated by the Maharaja of Giddhaur. Besides these pitcher shaped vessels, there is a Punchsula (five knives in a trident shape), which is rare. In the inner top, there is an eight-petaled lotus jewel called Chandrakanta Mani.

==Geography==

===Location===
Deoghar is located at {{Coord|24.48|N|86.7|E}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/38/Deoghar.html|title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Deoghar, India|website=www.fallingrain.com}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 255 metres (833 feet). It is a part of the Indian peninsular plateau which forms a part of the oldest landmass on Earth, [[Gondwana]] land.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.preservearticles.com/articles/complete-information-on-chotanagpur-plateau-of-peninsular-uplands-in-india/20293|title=Complete information on Chotanagpur Plateau of Peninsular Uplands in India|date=3 February 2012}}</ref> Deoghar is situated on the bank of [[Ajay river]] (which originates from Batpar village of [[Jamui]] district in Bihar) and its tributary Dadhawa river( which originates from Purnia Lake near Karangarh village {{coord|24.595501|N|86.474369|E|}} in Jamui district of Bihar). The city is surrounded with various small relict hills such as Dighriya Pahaad, Nandan Pahaad, Trikuti Pahaad, and Tapovan Pahaad. Dighriya Pahaad forms the western boundary of the city and there is a national park being constructed on these hills.<code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:Citation needed|Citation needed]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> Nandan Pahaad is a children's amusement place and serves as one of the principal recreational places in the city.<ref name="District Deoghar, Government of Jharkhand 2020">{{cite web | title=Nandan Pahar - India | website=District Deoghar, Government of Jharkhand | date=2020-09-20 | url=http://deoghar.nic.in/tourist-place/nandanpahad/ | access-date=2021-05-26}}</ref> Tapovan Pahaad has its cultural relevance found in Hindu scriptures. It is one of the amusement places in the city and serves as a habitat for monkeys.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.explorebihar.in/tapovan-deoghar.html|title=Tapovan Deoghar Travel Guide | Tapovan Temple | Tapovan Hills | Explore Bihar}}</ref>

===Overview===
The map shows a large area, which is a plateau with low hills, except in the eastern portion where the Rajmahal hills intrude into this area and the Ramgarh hills are there. The south-western portion is just a rolling upland. The entire area is overwhelmingly rural with only small pockets of urbanisation.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.3120/page/n1/mode/2up |title = Bihar District Gazetteers: Santhal Parganas| first= P.C.|last=Roychoudhury | work= Chapter I: General |publisher= Secretariat Press, Patna, 1965 | access-date = 10 November 2020}}</ref>

<small>Note: The full screen map is interesting. All places marked on the map are linked in the full screen map and one can easily move on to another page of his/her choice. Enlarge the full screen map to see what else is there – one gets railway connections, many more road connections and so on.</small>

===Area===
Deoghar has an area of {{convert|119|km2}}</sup>.<ref name='Deoghar City'/><ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2005_PART_B_DCHB_DEOGHAR.pdf |title = District Census Handbook, Deoghar, Series 21, Part XII B| work= Page 25: District Primary Census Abstract, 2011 census |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 3 November 2020}}</ref>

==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Deoghar had a total population of 203,123, of which 107,997 (53%) were males and 95,126 (47%) were females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 2,6893 (13%). The total number of literate persons in Deoghar was 176,230 (85.68% of the population over 6 years).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2005_PART_B_DCHB_DEOGHAR.pdf |title = District Census Handbook, Deoghar, Series 21, Part XII B| work= Page 27: District primary census abstract, 2011 census |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 17 April 2021}}</ref>

{{As of| 2001}} India [[census]], Deoghar had a population of 98,372. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Deoghar has an average literacy rate of 76%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82% and, female literacy is 69%. In Deoghar, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref>

==Economy==
{{anchor|Economy of Deoghar}}

[[File:Jasidih Junction.jpg|thumb|[[Jasidih]] - The main and major industrial hub of the city of Deoghar ]]
The Economy of Deoghar is largely dependent on religious tourism and hospitality. Deoghar is the fifth largest city in the state of Jharkhand, and one of the major industrial hubs.
<ref>{{Cite web | title=Deoghar, the holy city in Jharkhand all set to have a new airport, flight operations to start soon| url=https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/industry/article/deoghar-the-holy-city-in-jharkhand-all-set-to-have-a-new-airport-flight-operations-to-start-soon/659043| access-date=2020-12-04| website=www.timesnownews.com| language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | date=2020-08-26| title=Good news for Baidyanath Dham pilgrims! Jharkhand govt allows darshans — check details| url=https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/travel-tourism/good-news-for-baidyanath-dham-pilgrims-jhakhand-govt-allows-darshans-check-details/2066394/| access-date=2020-12-04| website=The Financial Express| language=en-US}}</ref>

Industry in Deoghar is mainly based on IT, agriculture, hospitality, petroleum, tourism, and in the service sector. Hotels like Amrapali Clarks Inn (a collab of Amrapali Groups & Clarks Inn Group of Hotels), Hotel Imperial Heights, etc. are renowned groups of hospitality industry here. Various small and middle scale industries are present in Deoghar - HIL Ltd,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hil.in/|title=Roofing Solutions, Building and Cladding Material Manufacturer|last=Limited|first=H. I. L.|website=Roofing Solutions, Building and Cladding Material Manufacturer|language=en|access-date=2020-01-05}}</ref> MR Real Food, Shree Guru Agrotech, PDRD Rice Mill, Tulsi Agro Foods. Some large industrial projects are also present:
* Jalsar Solar Park: Established by Jharkhand Renewable Energy Development Agency
* Plastic Park and Plastic Recycling unit
* Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/business/centre-sanctions-rs-120-crore-plastic-park-for-jharkhand-promises-cipet-centre-1695053.html|title=Centre Sanctions Rs 120 Crore for Plastic Park in Jharkhand; Promises CIPET Centre|website=News18|access-date=2020-01-05}}</ref>
[[Indian Oil Corporation]] has one of its terminals in Deoghar. This is located at Badladih, [[Jasidih]]. This has a huge capacity for employment. After the opening and coming of this terminal, the unemployment rate has decreased because of many people getting jobs from this company.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

[[Software Technology Parks of India|Software Technology Parks of India (STPI)]] is a company / organization which promotes IT and technology industries. This company has setup many IT park branches in many cities such as [[Bangalore]], [[Hyderabad]], [[Patna]] and [[Ranchi]] etc. Same as the others, it has setup another [[IT Park]] branch in Deoghar. It is almost completed and opened.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

== Culture ==
Deoghar city is usually referred to as the cultural capital of Jharkhand.<ref>{Url=http://www.uniindia.com/news/others/deoghar-to-get-status-of-cultural-capital-of-jharkhand/11368.html}</ref> The official language of the city of Deoghar is Hindi and Urdu. The native languages of Deoghar are Hindi, Angika, Hindi and Santhali.

<gallery widths="200px" heights="150px" class="center">
File:Part of the interior of an Hindoo Temple, at Deo, in Bahar, from Rees's Cyclopedia, 1802.JPG|Part of the interior of a Hindu Temple, at Deo, in Bahar, from Rees's Cyclopedia, 1802
File:Baba Dham.jpg|Baidyanath Dham
File:Naulakkha Temple - Deoghar - Jharkhand (5).jpg|Naulakkha temple
</gallery>

== Education ==
{{mapframe|frame=yes|type=point|zoom=SWITCH:12, 9, 6|switch=zoomed in, zoomed mid, zoomed out}}
* [[A.S. College, Deoghar|A.S.College]]
* [[All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar|All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Deoghar]]
* [[Birla Institute of Technology, Deoghar]] (Ranchi Offcampus)
* [[Deoghar College]] - affiliated under [[Sido Kanhu Murmu University|S.K.M University]]
* [[Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith, Deoghar]]
{{Cleanup-list|section|date=May 2021}}
* [[Baidyanath Kamal Kumari Sanskrit College]]
* [[Deoghar Industrial Training Centre]]
* [[Dev Sangha Institute of Professional Studies and Educational Research]] (DIPSER)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dipser College|url=http://www.dipsercollege.info/|access-date=2020-01-05|website=www.dipsercollege.info}}</ref>
* [[Saint Francis School, Deoghar]]
* [[Saint Francis School, Jasidih]]

== Transportation ==

===Airport===
[[Deoghar Airport]] is under construction since 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/jharkhand-renames-several-institutes-after-atal-bihari-vajpayee-1906121|title=Jharkhand Renames Several Institutes After Atal Bihari Vajpayee|website=NDTV.com|access-date=2020-01-05}}</ref> Services have not started as of 2021.<ref>{{cite news |title=Darbhanga airport takes off, Deoghar lags behind |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/darbhanga-airport-takes-off-deoghar-lags-behind/cid/1798242 |access-date=26 January 2021 |work=telegraphindia.com}}</ref>

=== Trains ===
[[Jasidih Junction]] is the nearest train station serving Deoghar. It is located on the Delhi-Patna-Kolkata train route.

[[Deoghar Junction railway station|Deoghar Junction]] is the railway station located in the city.It is on the Jasidih-Dumka-Rampurhat & Jasidih-Banka-Bhagalpur line.There are trains to Ranchi,Dumka,Rampurhat,Munger,Bhagalpur,Banka,Agartala etc.

==See also==
* [[List of cities in Jharkhand]]
* [[List of cities in Jharkhand by population]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Deoghar}}

{{Temple towns in Jharkhand}}
{{Santhal Parganas Division}}
{{Hindu holy cities}}{{Jharkhand}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Deoghar| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Anga Desh]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Deoghar district]]
[[Category:Municipal corporations in Jharkhand]]

Deoghar - Revision history

BrianSop at 10:02, 29 March 2026

WikiDwarfBOT: Cleanup: Information added.

>Yo yo ani ching at 05:03, 29 June 2021