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{{Short description|Town in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{For|the Islamic movement|Deobandi}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Deoband
| official_name =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Town
| image_alt =
| image_skyline = Darul Uloom Deoband.jpg
| image_caption = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
| nickname =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh#India#Asia#World
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| coordinates = {{coord|29.692|N|77.677|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Saharanpur district|Saharanpur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = Nagar Palika parishad Deoband
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 256
| population_total = 97,037
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym = Deobandi
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=18 February 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Additional official
| demographics1_info2 = [[Urdu]]<ref name="langoff"/>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 247554
| area_code = 01336
| registration_plate = UP-11
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Deoband''' is a town and a [[municipality]] in [[Saharanpur district]] in the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]. Deoband is located about 150 km from [[Delhi]].

==History==
The 16th century Hindu saint [[Hith Harivansh Mahaprabhu]] and the founder of the Radhavallabh Sampradaya of [[Vaishnavism]] based in [[Vrindavan]], was born in Deoband.<ref>{{cite web |title=Deoband witness of childhood days of Sri Harivansh Mahaprabhu |url=https://www.radhavallabh.com/deoband.html |website=www.radhavallabh.com |access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref>

Deoband is listed in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]] as a [[pargana]] under Saharanpur [[sarkar (country subdivision)|sarkar]], producing a revenue of 6,477,977 [[dam (Indian coin)|dam]]s for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 300 infantry and 60 cavalry. It had a brick fort at the time.<ref name="Ain-i-Akbari">{{cite book |last1=Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak |last2=Jarrett |first2=Henry Sullivan (translator) |title=The Ain-i-Akbari |date=1891 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal |location=Calcutta |page=292 |url=https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog |access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref>

The [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] learning centre was established on 21 May 1866 by [[Maulana Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.darululoom-deoband.com/english/aboutdarululoom/introduction.htm|title=Introduction|website=www.darululoom-deoband.com}}</ref> The [[Deobandi Islamic movement]] originated in the Darul Uloom.

==Geography==
Deoband is located at {{Coord|29.7|N|77.68|E|}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/36/Deoband.html|work=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc|title=Deoband Shareef}}</ref> It has an average elevation of {{convert|256|m}}.

==Demographics==
Deoband has a population of 97,037 of which 53,538 are males while 43,499 are females as per the report released by Census India 2011. The population of children aged 0–6 is 12,200 which is 12.57% of the total population. The [[sex ratio]] is 812 females per 1000 males against the state average of 912. The child sex ratio in Deoband is around 917 compared to the Uttar Pradesh state average of 902. The literacy rate is 75.23%, higher than the state average of 67.68% with male literacy of 79.59% and the female literacy rate is 69.77%.
Out of the total population, 24,559 were engaged in work or business activity. Of this, 22,551 were males while 2,008 were females and 89.91% were engaged in main work.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/800637-deoband-uttar-pradesh.html|title=Deoband Shareef demographics|work=Census India}}</ref>

Deoband Nagar Palika Parishad has a total administration over 15,630 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and [[sewage]]. It is also authorized to build roads within Nagar Palika Parishad limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.

==Notable people==
* [[Ela Mishra]], writer and social activist. Author of ''Reshmi Rumaal Sharyantra''.<ref name="reshmi">{{cite book |author1=Dr. Ela Mishra |author-link=Ela Mishra |title=Reshmi Rumaal Sharyantra |publisher=Manak Publications and [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind]] |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="millat">{{cite web |title=نو مسلم مصنفہ ڈاکٹر ایلا مشرا کی کتاب 'ریشمی رومال تحریک' کا نائب صدر جمہوریہ کے ہاتھوں رسم اجراء |url=https://urdu.millattimes.com/archives/9270 |website=Millat Times|access-date=12 July 2019}}</ref>
* [[Kamaal R. Khan]],film Producer and critic (2 rupees Actor)

==See also==
*[[Deobandi]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Saharanpur district}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Saharanpur district]]
[[Category:Deoband]]

Deoband - Revision history

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