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← Older revision		Revision as of 16:17, 25 December 2022
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	{{Short description\|Government agency in India}}		{{Short description\|Government agency in India}}
	{{EngvarB\|date=March ~~2022~~}}		{{EngvarB\|date=March 2014}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2022}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2022}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=May ~~2022~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=May 2020}}
	{{Infobox government agency		{{Infobox government agency
	\| name = Defence Research and Development Organisation of India		\| name = Defence Research and Development Organisation of India
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	\| headquarters = DRDO Bhavan, [[New Delhi]]		\| headquarters = DRDO Bhavan, [[New Delhi]]
	\| motto = "Strength's Origin is in Science"<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.gistconvention.org/pdf/drdo.doc \|title=About DRDO \|publisher=gistconvention.org \|access-date=2 July 2015 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031928/http://www.gistconvention.org/pdf/drdo.doc \|archive-date= 4 March 2016 }}</ref>		\| motto = "Strength's Origin is in Science"<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.gistconvention.org/pdf/drdo.doc \|title=About DRDO \|publisher=gistconvention.org \|access-date=2 July 2015 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031928/http://www.gistconvention.org/pdf/drdo.doc \|archive-date= 4 March 2016 }}</ref>
	\| employees = 30,000 (5,000 scientists)<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=genesis.jsp \|title=DRDO \|access-date=2017-05-15 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806181721/https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=genesis.jsp \|archive-date=6 August ~~2022~~}}</ref>		\| employees = 30,000 (5,000 scientists)<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=genesis.jsp \|title=DRDO \|access-date=2017-05-15 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806181721/https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=genesis.jsp \|archive-date=6 August 2017}}</ref>
	\| budget = {{profit}} {{INRConvert\|11375.50\|c\|1}}<small>(2021–22)</small><ref>{{Cite web\|last=\|first=\|date=1 February 2021\|title=BUDGET 2021-22\|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1693987\|access-date=6 February 2021\|website=Press Information Bureau\|publisher=Government of India}}</ref>		\| budget = {{profit}} {{INRConvert\|11375.50\|c\|1}}<small>(2021–22)</small><ref>{{Cite web\|last=\|first=\|date=1 February 2021\|title=BUDGET 2021-22\|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1693987\|access-date=6 February 2021\|website=Press Information Bureau\|publisher=Government of India}}</ref>
	\| minister1_name = [[Rajnath Singh]]		\| minister1_name = [[Rajnath Singh]]
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	The '''Defence Research and Development Organisation''' ('''DRDO''') ([[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration\|IAST]]: ''Raksā Anūsandhān Evam Vikās Sangaṭhan'') is the premier [[government agency\|agency]] under the Department of Defence Research and Development in [[Ministry of Defence (India)\|Ministry of Defence]] of the [[Government of India]], charged with the [[Indian Armed Forces\|military]]'s [[research and development]], headquartered in Delhi, India. It was formed in 1958 by the merger of the Technical Development Establishment and the Directorate of Technical Development and Production of the [[Indian Ordnance Factories]] with the Defence Science Organisation. Subsequently, [[Defence Research & Development Service]] (DRDS) was constituted in 1979 as a service of Group 'A' Officers / Scientists directly under the administrative control of Ministry of Defence.		The '''Defence Research and Development Organisation''' ('''DRDO''') ([[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration\|IAST]]: ''Raksā Anūsandhān Evam Vikās Sangaṭhan'') is the premier [[government agency\|agency]] under the Department of Defence Research and Development in [[Ministry of Defence (India)\|Ministry of Defence]] of the [[Government of India]], charged with the [[Indian Armed Forces\|military]]'s [[research and development]], headquartered in Delhi, India. It was formed in 1958 by the merger of the Technical Development Establishment and the Directorate of Technical Development and Production of the [[Indian Ordnance Factories]] with the Defence Science Organisation. Subsequently, [[Defence Research & Development Service]] (DRDS) was constituted in 1979 as a service of Group 'A' Officers / Scientists directly under the administrative control of Ministry of Defence.

	With a network of 52 laboratories that are engaged in developing defence technologies covering various fields like aeronautics, armaments, electronics, land combat engineering, life sciences, materials, missiles, and naval systems, DRDO is India's largest and most diverse research ~~organization~~. The organisation includes around 5,000 scientists belonging to the DRDS and about 25,000 other subordinate scientific, technical, and supporting personnel.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=genesis.jsp\|title=DRDO\|website=www.drdo.gov.in\|language=en\|access-date=2017-05-15\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806181721/https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=genesis.jsp\|archive-date=6 August ~~2022~~}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=job_sc.jsp\|title=DRDO Scientist Job – DRDO Scientist B recruitment- Scientist recruitment DRDO\|access-date=2 July 2015\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810162300/http://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=job_sc.jsp\|archive-date=10 August ~~2022~~}}</ref>		With a network of 52 laboratories that are engaged in developing defence technologies covering various fields like aeronautics, armaments, electronics, land combat engineering, life sciences, materials, missiles, and naval systems, DRDO is India's largest and most diverse research organisation. The organisation includes around 5,000 scientists belonging to the DRDS and about 25,000 other subordinate scientific, technical, and supporting personnel.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=genesis.jsp\|title=DRDO\|website=www.drdo.gov.in\|language=en\|access-date=2017-05-15\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806181721/https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=genesis.jsp\|archive-date=6 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=job_sc.jsp\|title=DRDO Scientist Job – DRDO Scientist B recruitment- Scientist recruitment DRDO\|access-date=2 July 2015\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810162300/http://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=job_sc.jsp\|archive-date=10 August 2015}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==

	The DRDO was established in 1958 by combining the Defense Science ~~Organization~~ and some of the technical development establishments. A separate Department of Defense Research and Development was formed in 1980, which later administered DRDO and its almost 30 laboratories and establishments (there were almost 52 labs before merging). Most of the time, the Defense Research and Development ~~Organization~~ was treated as if it were a vendor and the Army Headquarters or the Air Force Headquarters were the customers. Because the Army and the [[Indian Air Force\|Air Force]] themselves did not have any design or construction responsibility, they tended to treat the designer or Indian industry at par with their corresponding designer in the world market. If they could get a [[MiG-21]] from the world market, they wanted a MiG-21 from DRDO.<ref name="GS">{{cite web \|author=John Pike \|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/drdo.htm \|title=Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) \|publisher=Globalsecurity.org \|access-date=31 August 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100423074603/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/drdo.htm \|archive-date=23 April 2010 \|url-status=live }}</ref>		The DRDO was established in 1958 by combining the Defense Science Organisation and some of the technical development establishments. A separate Department of Defense Research and Development was formed in 1980, which later administered DRDO and its almost 30 laboratories and establishments (there were almost 52 labs before merging). Most of the time, the Defense Research and Development Organisation was treated as if it were a vendor and the Army Headquarters or the Air Force Headquarters were the customers. Because the Army and the [[Indian Air Force\|Air Force]] themselves did not have any design or construction responsibility, they tended to treat the designer or Indian industry at par with their corresponding designer in the world market. If they could get a [[MiG-21]] from the world market, they wanted a MiG-21 from DRDO.<ref name="GS">{{cite web \|author=John Pike \|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/drdo.htm \|title=Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) \|publisher=Globalsecurity.org \|access-date=31 August 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100423074603/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/drdo.htm \|archive-date=23 April 2010 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	DRDO started its first major project in [[surface-to-air missile]]s (SAM) known as [[Project Indigo]] in the 1960s. Indigo was discontinued in later years without achieving full success. Project Indigo led to [[Project Devil]], along with Project Valiant, to develop short-range SAM and [[ICBM]] in the 1970s. Project Devil itself led to the later development of the [[Prithvi (missile)\|Prithvi]] missile under the [[Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme]] (IGMDP) in the 1980s. IGMDP was an Indian [[Ministry of Defence (India)\|Ministry of Defence]] programme between the early 1980s and 2007 for the development of a comprehensive range of missiles, including the [[Agni missile]], Prithvi ballistic missile, [[Akash missile]], [[Trishul missile]] and [[Nag Missile]]. In 2010, defence minister [[A. K. Antony]] ordered the restructuring of the DRDO to give 'a major boost to defence research in the country and to ensure effective participation of the private sector in defence technology'. The key measures to make DRDO effective in its functioning include the establishment of a Defence Technology Commission with the defence minister as its chairman.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.defencetalk.com/mod-announces-major-drdo-restructuring-plan-26384/ \|title=MoD Announces Major DRDO Restructuring Plan \| Defence & Security News at DefenceTalk \|publisher=Defencetalk.com \|date=17 May 2010 \|access-date=31 August 2010 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101129020637/http://www.defencetalk.com/mod-announces-major-drdo-restructuring-plan-26384/ \|archive-date=29 November ~~2022~~}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.defpro.com/news/details/15208/ \|title=defence.professionals \|publisher=defpro.com \|access-date=31 August 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515212759/http://www.defpro.com/news/details/15208/ \|archive-date=15 May ~~2022~~}}</ref> The programmes which were largely managed by DRDO have seen considerable success with many of the systems seeing rapid deployment as well as yielding significant technological benefits. Since its establishment, DRDO has created other major systems and critical technologies such as aircraft avionics, [[UAV]]s, small arms, artillery systems, EW Systems, tanks and armoured vehicles, sonar systems, command and control systems and missile systems.		DRDO started its first major project in [[surface-to-air missile]]s (SAM) known as [[Project Indigo]] in the 1960s. Indigo was discontinued in later years without achieving full success. Project Indigo led to [[Project Devil]], along with Project Valiant, to develop short-range SAM and [[ICBM]] in the 1970s. Project Devil itself led to the later development of the [[Prithvi (missile)\|Prithvi]] missile under the [[Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme]] (IGMDP) in the 1980s. IGMDP was an Indian [[Ministry of Defence (India)\|Ministry of Defence]] programme between the early 1980s and 2007 for the development of a comprehensive range of missiles, including the [[Agni missile]], Prithvi ballistic missile, [[Akash missile]], [[Trishul missile]] and [[Nag Missile]]. In 2010, defence minister [[A. K. Antony]] ordered the restructuring of the DRDO to give 'a major boost to defence research in the country and to ensure effective participation of the private sector in defence technology'. The key measures to make DRDO effective in its functioning include the establishment of a Defence Technology Commission with the defence minister as its chairman.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.defencetalk.com/mod-announces-major-drdo-restructuring-plan-26384/ \|title=MoD Announces Major DRDO Restructuring Plan \| Defence & Security News at DefenceTalk \|publisher=Defencetalk.com \|date=17 May 2010 \|access-date=31 August 2010 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101129020637/http://www.defencetalk.com/mod-announces-major-drdo-restructuring-plan-26384/ \|archive-date=29 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.defpro.com/news/details/15208/ \|title=defence.professionals \|publisher=defpro.com \|access-date=31 August 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515212759/http://www.defpro.com/news/details/15208/ \|archive-date=15 May 2011}}</ref> The programmes which were largely managed by DRDO have seen considerable success with many of the systems seeing rapid deployment as well as yielding significant technological benefits. Since its establishment, DRDO has created other major systems and critical technologies such as aircraft avionics, [[UAV]]s, small arms, artillery systems, EW Systems, tanks and armoured vehicles, sonar systems, command and control systems and missile systems.

	== Organisation ==		== Organisation ==
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	=== Cluster Laboratories/Establishments ===		=== Cluster Laboratories/Establishments ===
	{\| class="wikitable sortable"		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
	\|+Source<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=(Release%20ID%20:160059)\|title=Press Information Bureau\|access-date=2017-03-29\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329140705/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=%28Release%20ID%20%3A160059%29\|archive-date=29 March ~~2022~~}}</ref>		\|+Source<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=(Release%20ID%20:160059)\|title=Press Information Bureau\|access-date=2017-03-29\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329140705/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=%28Release%20ID%20%3A160059%29\|archive-date=29 March 2017}}</ref>
	!Laboratory Name		!Laboratory Name
	!Location		!Location
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	As part of rationalization plan, Defence Terrain Research Laboratory (DTRL) was merged with Snow and Avalanche Studies Establishment (SASE) which is renamed into Defence Geological Research Establishment (DGRE). As of 2020, Advanced Numerical Research and Analysis Group (ANURAG) and Laser Science and Technology Center (LASTEC) are no longer functional as independent entities. The staffs are relocated at various DRDO labs in Hyderabad.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mohan\|first=Vijay\|date=30 November 2020\|title=DRDO shuts down 3 labs, sends staff to other centres\|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/drdo-shuts-down-three-labs-sends-staff-to-other-centres-177986\|access-date=2021-04-03\|website=Tribuneindia News Service\|language=en}}</ref> DRDO is planning to build a new research lab in Lucknow.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Srivastava\|first=Pranchal\|date=3 April 2021\|title=DRDO research centre to come up in Lucknow, says Rajnath Singh\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/drdo-research-centre-to-come-up-in-lucknow-says-rajnath-singh/articleshow/81880857.cms\|access-date=2021-04-05\|website=The Times of India\|language=en}}</ref>		As part of rationalization plan, Defence Terrain Research Laboratory (DTRL) was merged with Snow and Avalanche Studies Establishment (SASE) which is renamed into Defence Geological Research Establishment (DGRE). As of 2020, Advanced Numerical Research and Analysis Group (ANURAG) and Laser Science and Technology Center (LASTEC) are no longer functional as independent entities. The staffs are relocated at various DRDO labs in Hyderabad.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mohan\|first=Vijay\|date=30 November 2020\|title=DRDO shuts down 3 labs, sends staff to other centres\|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/drdo-shuts-down-three-labs-sends-staff-to-other-centres-177986\|access-date=2021-04-03\|website=Tribuneindia News Service\|language=en}}</ref> DRDO is planning to build a new research lab in Lucknow.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Srivastava\|first=Pranchal\|date=3 April 2021\|title=DRDO research centre to come up in Lucknow, says Rajnath Singh\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/drdo-research-centre-to-come-up-in-lucknow-says-rajnath-singh/articleshow/81880857.cms\|access-date=2021-04-05\|website=The Times of India\|language=en}}</ref>
	{\| class="wikitable sortable"		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
	\|+Source<ref>{{cite news \|title=PM dedicates 5 DRDO Young Scientists Laboratories to the Nation \|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=197246 \|access-date=18 March 2021 \|agency=PTI \|publisher=Press Trust of India \|date=2 January ~~2022~~}}</ref>		\|+Source<ref>{{cite news \|title=PM dedicates 5 DRDO Young Scientists Laboratories to the Nation \|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=197246 \|access-date=18 March 2021 \|agency=PTI \|publisher=Press Trust of India \|date=2 January 2020}}</ref>
	!Laboratory Name		!Laboratory Name
	!Location		!Location

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Defence Research and Development Organisation - Revision history

Cornelius R: Updated formatting and improved readability

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