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[[File:Deepak kannal.jpg|thumb|Professor Deepak Kannal at Ellora caves]]
'''Deepak Kannal''' (born 1949) is an Indian art historian,<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2011|title=Indian Contemporary Art Journal|url=http://www.indiaartfestival.com/assets/Indian-Contemporary-Art-Journal-pdf/art%20journal%20may2011.pdf|journal=Indian Contemporary Art Journal|volume=I & II}}</ref> sculptor<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7UDIHAAACAAJ&q=deepak+kannal|title=Eight Baroda Artists: Naina Dalal, Deepak Kannal, Mahendra Pandya, Jayant Parikh, Ratan Parimoo, Kirit Patel, Jayanti Rabadia, Vinod Shah : November 23-December 7, 1990|date=1990|publisher=CMC Art Gallery|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/leisure/society/2018/10/31/meet-the-men-who-help-politicians-carve-their-place-history.html|title=Statue of Unity: Meet the sculptors who help politicians carve their place in history|website=The Week|language=en|access-date=2019-12-08}}</ref> and a former professor at the Department of Art History and Aesthetics, [[Faculty of Fine Arts, Baroda|Faculty of Fine Arts]], [[Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda]], [[Gujarat]] where he also served as dean and head of the department. He is a specialist on the [[Ellora Caves|Ellora caves]] on which he has written several influential research papers, delivered numerous lectures and has authored a book titled ''Ellora-An Enigma in Sculptural Styles'' (1996).
== Life and work ==

Kannal studied sculpture at [[Faculty of Fine Arts, Baroda|Faculty of Fine Arts]], [[Vadodara|Baroda]] (1975) and established himself as a sculptor early in his career.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aaa.org.hk/en/collection/search/archive/jyoti-bhatt-archive-college-photographs-1975/object/group-of-students-1277|title=Group of Students|last=Archive|first=Asia Art|website=aaa.org.hk|language=en|access-date=2020-01-11}}</ref> After this he pursued Art History in which he received his second post-graduate degree (1983). He completed his doctoral thesis in 1993 in which he worked on the sculpture of Ellora caves.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/document/439131071/Professor-Deepak-Kannal-eminent-Art-Historian-Sculptor-Teacher|title=Professor Deepak Kannal, eminent Art Historian, Sculptor, Teacher. {{!}} Gujarat {{!}} Academia|website=Scribd|language=en|access-date=2019-12-21}}</ref>

Kannal worked as the Head of the department, UGC/DSA coordinator and the Dean of the Faculty.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aaa.org.hk/en/collection/search/archive/ratan-parimoo-archive-seminars-and-events/object/u-g-c-national-seminar-on-comparative-aesthetics-and-criticism-of-the-contemporary-arts-sister-arts-in-contemporary-context|title=U.G.C National Seminar on Comparative Aesthetics and Criticism of the Contemporary Arts (Sister Arts in Contemporary Context)|last=Archive|first=Asia Art|website=aaa.org.hk|language=en|access-date=2020-01-11}}</ref> He has several notable publications that includes a book “[[Ellora Caves|Ellora]]-An Enigma in Sculptural Styles’’,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5l3qAAAAMAAJ&q=deepak+kannal|title=Ellora, an Enigma in Sculptural Styles|last=Kannal|first=Deepak|date=1996|publisher=Books & Books|isbn=978-81-85016-47-4|language=en}}</ref> a monograph, four co-edited volumes - one of them on [[Ellora Caves|Ellora]] Sculpture and Architecture,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jcqfAAAAMAAJ&q=deepak+kannal|title=Ellora Caves, sculptures and architecture: collected papers of the University Grants Commission's National Seminar|last1=Parimoo|first1=Ratan|last2=Kannal|first2=Deepak|last3=Panikkar|first3=Shivaji|last4=Commission|first4=India University Grants|date=1988|publisher=Books & Books|isbn=978-81-85016-23-8|language=en}}</ref> three edited journals, these are to be re-released soon as a single book,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.upvok.com/media/B1V3jJhpQ9E|title=Aprant's new book Nirukta, Edited by Dr. Deepak Kannal, A Collection of Selected Articles of Art His - instagram media view - UpVok.Com|website=www.upvok.com|access-date=2019-12-08}}</ref> three full length plays, three dance dramas and more than seventy papers and articles on Art and [[Aesthetics]] to his credit.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC&q=deepak+kannal&pg=PR14|title=Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U.P. Shah|last=Shah|first=Umakant Premanand|date=1995|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-316-8|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qcKfAAAAMAAJ&q=deepak+kannal|title=Towards a New Art History: Studies in Indian Art : Essays Presented in Honour of Prof. Ratan Parimoo|last1=Panikkar|first1=Shivaji|last2=Mukherji|first2=Parul Dave|last3=Achar|first3=Deeptha|date=2003-01-01|publisher=D.K. Printworld|isbn=978-81-246-0230-0|language=en}}</ref> His dance drama named ‘Dipta Kailasa’ narrating the history of [[Kailasa temple, Ellora|Kailasa]]<nowiki/>natha monolith of Ellora and the myths associated with it was performed at Ellora, in the vicinity of the caves.

His most significant contribution in Art History is his teaching methodology and interpretation of Indian sculpture and Indian Aesthetics. He is an authority on Ellora cave sculpture.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/conversation-deepak-kannal|title=In conversation with Deepak Kannal|website=Sahapedia|language=en|access-date=2019-12-07}}</ref> and has dedicated his entire life in studying the subject. His book on Ellora was reprinted in 2018 by Aprant Publishers, Pune.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PavivQEACAAJ|title=Ellora - an Enigma in Sculptural Styles|last=Kannal|first=Deepak H.|date=2018|publisher=Aprant|isbn=978-93-85737-08-4|language=en}}</ref>

Jaya Jose (1996)<ref>{{Cite journal|last=JOSE|first=JAYA|title=Religious Iconography: Vicissitudes in the Approaches to the Visual Language|date=1996|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42930497|journal=Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute|volume=56/57|pages=135–160|jstor=42930497|issn=0045-9801}}</ref> notes his work on [[Khajuraho Group of Monuments|Khajuraho]] sculpture and says, "Deepak Kannal whilst referring to the difficulties faced by scholars, with regard to the exact identification of some novel and complex images, at Khajuraho (in the absence of a comparative textual source to explain or identify these images), delves into the intricacies of the relation between the text, the image and more significantly the role of the artist in the entire icon-making process."<ref>{{Citation|title=Architectural, sculptural, and religious change: a new interpretation of the Jaina temples at Khajuraho|date=2006-02-01|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203008539-26|work=Studies in Jaina History and Culture|pages=417–434|publisher=Routledge|doi=10.4324/9780203008539-26|isbn=978-0-203-00853-9|access-date=2021-02-22}}</ref> His study of Khajuraho sculptures throws fresh light on the way in which historical textual sources and sculptural evidences must be examined. His focus remains the sculptors and their creative contribution while remaining within the limitations of their age and time.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shah|first=Umakant Premanand|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC&q=deepak+kannal+beginning+of+new+iconological+cycle&pg=PA111|title=Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U.P. Shah|date=1995|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-316-8|language=en}}</ref>

One of his most significant contribution is his interpretation of the ignored inscription "[[Utpatti pidugu|Utpattipidugu]]".<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJiFAAAAIAAJ&q=utpattipidugu|title=Excavations at Satanikota, 1977-80|last1=Ghosh|first1=N. C.|last2=India|first2=Archaeological Survey of|date=1986|publisher=Archaeological Survey of India|language=en}}</ref> He has written about it in one of the volumes of the journal Nirukta which was also edited by him<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tambulwadikar|first=Snehal|title=Sri Utpattipidugu – unread histories|url=https://www.academia.edu/4785777|language=en}}</ref> and has delivered several lectures on the subject.

He has created the syllabus for two subjects for UGC e-pathshala Post Graduate course in Fine Arts and Aesthetics - Indian Sculpture<ref>{{Citation|title=History of Indian Suclpture|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-5rNJKf29Ak|language=en|access-date=2019-12-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Introduction - YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_lNYYCTGPA&list=PL_a1TI5CC9RFi_Bgj8dH9JKAapr3LYwzm|access-date=2020-08-03|website=www.youtube.com}}</ref> and Indian Aesthetics<ref>{{Citation|title=Aesthetics & Philosophy of Art Course - MOOCs SME Video|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GCZcV48e4yo|language=en|access-date=2019-12-07}}</ref> <ref>{{Citation|title=Module 07|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-IHYO9lspk|language=en|access-date=2019-12-07}}</ref>[[File:Ellora - An Enigma in Sculptural Styles .jpg|thumb|Ellora - An Enigma in Sculptural Styles by Deepak Kannal]]
=== Ellora - an Enigma in Sculptural Styles ===
Deepak Kannal worked on the Brahmanical sculptures of Ellora for his PhD, which was published as the book titled "Ellora - an Enigma in Sculptural Styles" in 1996. In the book he uses formalism as a tool to study the images and also devises his own unique methods of tracing sculptural guilds throughout the Indian subcontinent. In this work he traces several sculptor guilds which travelled to Ellora and worked there, while also examining patterns of classicism and romanticism at the site. In the chapter 'Introduction to Theatricality', he traces the quality of performance in sculpture which also becomes flamboyant in few images. The methods he devises in this work come from his own experience as a practicing sculptor and his familiarity in working with the medium of stone and metal.

In his recent lectures (2020) he has developed his work on Ellora sculptors and architects further using the same methodological tools.<ref>{{Citation|title=Demystifying Kailasa, Ellora, Maharashtra by Dr. Deepak Kannal|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVETsJgVlZ4|language=en|access-date=2021-02-22}}</ref> [[File:Guardians Surya and Indra at the Bhaja Caves.jpg|thumb|Kharavela and Sri Satakarni, Bhaja cave sculpture, different interpretation proposed by professor Kannal. ]]
=== History as Allegory: The Bhaja Narratives ===
In his research paper titled "History as Allegory: The Bhaja Narratives", published in the volume 'Towards a New Art History: Studies in Indian Art', 2003, Deepak Kannal has proposed a fresh identification of the famous sculpture of Bhaja caves, generally identified as Surya and Indra. He proposes that the depiction is a political allegory and it shows the conflict between Ceta [[Kharavela]] of eastern India and Simuka [[Satavahana dynasty|Satavahana]] of Deccan.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qcKfAAAAMAAJ&q=history+allegory+deepak+kannal|title=Towards a New Art History: Studies in Indian Art : Essays Presented in Honour of Prof. Ratan Parimoo|last1=Panikkar|first1=Shivaji|last2=Mukherji|first2=Parul Dave|last3=Achar|first3=Deeptha|date=2003-01-01|publisher=D.K. Printworld|isbn=978-81-246-0230-0|language=en}}</ref> In his own words -

"I propose that the inadequately though not erroneously identified sculptural panel from [[Bhaja Caves|Bhaja]] is a visual record of Sri Satakarni's conquest over Kharavela"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aaa.org.hk/en/collection/search/library/towards-a-new-art-history-studies-in-indian-art|title=Towards a New Art History: Studies in Indian Art|last=Archive|first=Asia Art|website=aaa.org.hk|language=en|access-date=2020-01-11}}</ref>

He interprets the many other figures in this sculpture allegorically, for instance, the 'mouse headed woman', he says, is the personification of the city which is being routed by Kharavela on the other site, the Bodhi tree and the rejoicing around it shows Satakarni's victory.

[[File:Utpattipidugu - Inscription, Insignia and the Indite.jpg|thumb|Sri [[Utpatti pidugu|Utpattipidugu]] - Inscription, Insignia and the Indite, A special volume of Nirukta, Journal of Art History & Aesthetics, 2005. ]]
=== Sri Utpattipidugu: Inscription, Insignia and the Indite ===
Sri Utpattipidugu is a special volume of Nirukta journal, which was published by Art History and Aesthetics department, Faculty of Fine Arts, [[Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda]], Vadodara in 2005. It is a detailed study of the inscription '[[Utpatti pidugu]]'<ref>{{Cite web|title=Architectural Survey Of Temples No.3 Cave Temples Of The Deccan : Soundara Rajan, K.v. : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.108362|access-date=2020-08-03|website=Internet Archive|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Archaeology|first=India Department of|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yC5Nn0QLfG8C&q=utpatti+pidugu|title=Indian Archaeology|date=1959|publisher=Department of Archaeology, Government of India|language=en}}</ref> which has been traced at several archaeological sites, sometimes with an insignia and sometimes without it. Deepak Kannal, in this volume has suggested the possibility that [[Utpatti pidugu]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Prasad|first=B. Rajendra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9cxI2KZzekC&q=utpatti+pidugu&pg=PA11|title=Chalukyan Temples of Andhradesa|date=1983|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-0-391-02853-1|language=en}}</ref> could be the name of a religious leader who created a new movement within Brahmanism and was able to gain political influence.[[File:Lupadakhe - Unknown Master Sculptors of Ancient India.jpg|thumb|Lupadakhe - Unknown Master Sculptors of Ancient India by Deepak Kannal and Kanika Gupta.]]
=== Lupadakhe - Unknown Master Sculptors of Ancient India ===
The book commemorates the legacy of the forgotten and therefore unknown sculptors of ancient India.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gupta|first=Kanika|title=Lupadakhe - Unknown Master Sculptors of Ancient India, Book Reviewed by Syed Wajid|url=https://www.academia.edu/43465105|journal=Uday India, Delhi Based Magazine|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Signatures in stone|url=https://epaper.telegraphindia.com/imageview_325672_154224878_4_71_27-03-2020_11_i_1_sf.html|website=epaper.telegraphindia.com|access-date=2020-05-18}}</ref> Co-authored along with Kanika Gupta,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Unknown Master Sculptors of Ancient India Mysteries of Indian Sculpture. By Ms. Kanika Gupta - YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tmsjW91XjTQ&t=841s|access-date=2020-07-29|website=www.youtube.com}}</ref> this work takes the methodology adopted by Deepak Kannal in his previous work on Ellora forward and identifies a few Master Sculptors from ancient India. It discusses some of the best of sculptures from the Indian tradition and talks about Indian sculptural aesthetics using the ancient Indian lexicon along with citing instances from the European tradition.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A tribute to ancient Indian sculptors|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/opinions/2021/jan/22/a-tribute-to-ancient-indian-sculptors-2253434.html|access-date=2021-02-13|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-29|title=Lupadahke: Sculpture telling histories|url=https://udayindia.in/2020/06/29/lupadahke-sculpture-telling-histories/|access-date=2020-07-04|website=Uday India|language=en-US}}</ref>

"The book stands as proof to the fact that to a trained eye the sculpture speaks differently. It transforms into a visual map of craftsmanship, stylistic overture and is a marker of lineage. Every nuance has its place and every deliberation by the sculptor is embedded as their singular vision within the rock. Offering a loving permanence, ''Lupadakhe'' is a tribute to beauty and the heritage of the subcontinent’s unsung artistic genius."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-06|title=Shaping Rocks|url=http://www.artsillustrated.in/literature/shaping-rocks/|access-date=2020-08-09|website=AI {{!}} Arts Illustrated {{!}} An Indian based arts and design magazine|language=en-US}}</ref>

He has been speaking extensively on Indian Aesthetics, Sculptural language and Linguistic theories since many years.<ref>{{Citation|title=Style, Stylistic evolution & the notion of zeitgeist : The Indian perspective {{!}} Dr. Deepak Kannal|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9jOYnHD86c|language=en|access-date=2021-02-22}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Visual Semiology and Ancient Indian Linguistic Theories by Deepak Kannal|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=stkJXqQt1Po|language=en|access-date=2021-02-22}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Webinar on, 'Evolution Atrophied : The Aborted Modernism in Indian Art'|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4eH7isRGDg|language=en|access-date=2021-02-22}}</ref>

== Plays ==
He wrote a play titled 'Jogidas Khuman', which was performed by Fine Art Natak Kampani, Tathagat, Faculty of Fine Arts, Baroda. The play is based on the writings of Gujarati writer [[Jhaverchand Meghani]] and the reports of Captain Bell of [[East India Company]].

He wrote and directed a dance-drama titled 'Dipta Kailasa', which was performed in the vicinity of Ellora caves.
[[File:Play Jogidas Khuman, by Deepak Kannal.jpg|thumb|The play is based on the writings of Gujarati writer Jhaverchand Meghani and the reports of Captain Bell of East India Company. ]]
He has been actively involved in theatre set design, acting and writing plays.

== Awards and Recognition ==

He has organized and participated in many National/Inter National seminars, has delivered series of lectures <ref>{{Citation|title=Dr. Deepak Kannal {{!}} Public Lecture at BDL Museum|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XEseMUnSdKI|language=en|access-date=2019-12-07}}</ref> <ref>{{Citation|title=Deepak Kannal ( Pre Recorded Talk for Panel Discussion on Role of Institution)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZO2jHsA9hfM|language=en|access-date=2019-12-07}}</ref> <ref>{{Citation|title=Prof. Deepak Kannal in Jaipur Art Summit|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4RTORpLL0w|language=en|access-date=2019-12-07}}</ref>for coveted institutes in India, US and UK and was invited on prestigious chairs instituted by various Academies, Museums and Universities. He is a recipient of a number of awards, scholarships and distinctions in Sculpture, Theatre and Art History including the Charles Wallace fellowship for his post doctoral project at [[Cambridge]] (1992), UK, National [[Lalit Kala Akademi|Lalit kala]] honorable mention, A.P. Council National award, The Gujarat Gaurav Puraskar, Raja Ravi Verma Samman and the Tagore National Fellowship in 2018<ref>{{Cite web|title=TAGORE NATIONAL FELLOWSHIP FOR CULTURAL RESEARCH (TNFCR)-Minutes of the Selection for Batch Year 2017-18.|url=https://www.indiaculture.nic.in/sites/default/files/Schemes/Minutes_of_the_Selections_under_Tagore_National_Fellowship_for_Cultural_12_12_2018.pdf}}</ref> under which, he is working on the correspondence between Indian Linguistic Theories and Indian sculpture.

[[File:Jogidas Khuman, Fine Art natak kampani.jpg|thumb|Jogidas Khuman, written by Deepak Kannal, performed by Fine Art Natak Kampani, Baroda. ]]

== Bibliography ==
* Ellora, an Enigma in Sculptural Styles. Books & Books. {{ISBN|9788185016474}} .(1996).
* Ellora Caves, sculptures and architecture: collected papers of the [[University Grants Commission (India)|University Grants Commission]]'s National Seminar, [[Ratan Parimoo]], Deepak Kannal, Shivaji Panikkar<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/g/1hcv35nbp&hl=en-IN&kgs=bdccbb5247eb9cdb&q=Shivaji+Panikkar&shndl=0&entrypoint=sh/x/kp|title=Shivaji Panikkar - Google Search|website=www.google.com|access-date=2019-12-08}}</ref> (editors) India. University Grants Commission, Books & Books, Delhi, (1988).
* Nirukta, 3 Volumes, (edited Journal), Faculty of Fine Arts, [[Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda]], Gujarat, (2004, 2005, 2006).
*Lupadakhe - Unknown Master Sculptors of Ancient India (Co-author), Mandala Books, Delhi, (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/document/440579015/Lupadakhe-Unknown-master-sculptors-of-Ancient-India-Book-Cover|title=Lupadakhe - Unknown master sculptors of Ancient India, Book Cover|website=Scribd|language=en|access-date=2019-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/a-search-for-the-unknown-sculptors-artists-of-ancient-india-6259622/|title=A search for the unknown sculptors, artists of ancient India|date=2020-02-10|website=The Indian Express|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Signatures in stone|url=https://epaper.telegraphindia.com/imageview_325672_154224878_4_71_27-03-2020_11_i_1_sf.html|website=epaper.telegraphindia.com|access-date=2020-05-18}}</ref>

== References ==
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[[Category:Indian art historians]]
[[Category:Indian academics]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kannal, Deepak}}
[[Category:1949 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Deepak Kannal - Revision history

>Citation bot: Alter: url, title. URLs might have been anonymized. Add: doi, jstor. Upgrade ISBN10 to ISBN13. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | Pages linked from cached User:AManWithNoPlan/sandbox2 | via #UCB_webform_linked 697/827