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{{Short description|Historical Region of South Asia}}
{{About|the historical and socio-political region known as Deccan|the geographical region called the Deccan Plateau|Deccan Plateau|other uses|Deccan (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Deccan
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| settlement_type = Region
| image_flag =
| flag_alt =
| image_seal =
| seal_alt =
| image_shield =
| shield_alt =
| nickname = The Southern Country
| motto =
| image_map = File:Map of the Deccan 17th century.jpg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Deccan in South Asia
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
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| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = States
| subdivision_name =
{{flagicon image|Flag of Maharashtra.svg|72px}} [[Maharashtra]] {{flagicon image|Flag of the Government of Telangana.svg|72px}} [[Telangana]] {{flagicon image|United Andhra Pradesh banner.png|72px}} [[Andhra Pradesh|Andhra]] {{flagicon image|Flag of Karnataka, India.svg|72px}} [[Karanataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = Largest City
| subdivision_name2 = [[Hyderabad]]
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| established_title =
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| founder =
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party =
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| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_footnotes = 
| demographics1_title1 = [[Ethnic groups]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu people|Telugus]], [[Marathis]], [[Kannadigas]], [[Deccanis]], [[Hyderabadis]], [[Lambadis]], [[Gonds]]''
| demographics_type2 =
| demographics2_footnotes = 
| demographics1_title2 = Languages
| demographics1_info2 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Kannada]], [[Deccani Urdu]]
| demographics_type3 =
| demographics3_footnotes = 
| demographics1_title3 =
| demographics1_info3 =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| unit_pref = Metric

| area_footnotes =
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| population_as_of =
| population_total =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
| population_demonym = Deccani/Dakhini
| timezone1 =
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| footnotes =
| official_name = Deccan
}}
{{Deccanis}}

'''Deccan''', or '''the Deccan''', is a historical and socio-political<ref>{{cite web |title=What the Hyderabad-Deccan region teaches us about belonging |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/what-hyderabad-deccan-region-teaches-us-about-belonging-155388 |website=The News Minute |language=en |date=17 September 2021}}</ref> region of the Indian Subcontinent.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Overton |first=Keelan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_yHXDwAAQBAJ&q=deccan+region |title=Iran and the Deccan: Persianate Art, Culture, and Talent in Circulation, 1400–1700 |date=2020-06-02 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=978-0-253-04894-3 |language=en}}</ref> Roughly corresponding to the geographic boundaries of the [[Deccan Plateau]], it is often used to refer to lands and cultures north of [[Tamilakam]], and south of the [[Vindhya Range|Vindhyas]]. Various polities including the [[Bahmani Sultanate|Bahmanis]], [[Deccan sultanates|Deccan Sultanates]], and [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad Deccan]] have used this term to refer to their country.<ref>{{cite EB9 |wstitle= Deccan |volume= VII |pages=18-19 |short=1}}</ref>

Historians have defined the term Deccan differently. These definitions range from a narrow one by [[R. G. Bhandarkar]] (1920), who defines Deccan as the Marathi speaking area lying between the [[Godavari River|Godavari]] and [[Krishna River|Krishna]] rivers, to a broad one by [[K. M. Panikkar]] (1969), who defines it as the entire Indian peninsula to the south of the Vindhyas.{{sfn|S. M. Alam|2011|p=312}} [[Firishta]] (16th century) defined Deccan as the territory inhabited by the native speakers of [[Kannada]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] languages. [[Richard M. Eaton]] (2005) settles on this linguistic definition for a discussion of the region's geopolitical history.{{sfn|Richard M. Eaton|2005|p=2}}

[[Stewart N. Gordon]] (1998) notes that historically, the term "Deccan" and the northern border of Deccan has varied from [[Tapti River]] in the north to Godavari River in the south, depending on the southern boundary of the northern empires. Therefore, while discussing the history of the [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]], Gordon uses Deccan as a "relational term", defining it as "the area beyond the southern border of a northern-based kingdom" of India.<ref>{{cite book |author=Stewart Gordon |title=The Marathas 1600-1818 |series=The New Cambridge History of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHK-BhVXOU4C |year=1993 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-26883-7 |page=10 }}</ref>

==Etymology==
[[File:Deccan Views (31349872275).jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Deccan plateau, Hyderabad, India]]

The word ''Deccan'' is an anglicized version of the word ''{{IAST|dakkhaṇa}}'', found in many languages of the Deccan <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-lFoAgAAQBAJ&q=deccan+dakkhin&pg=PA199|title=Hobson-Jobson: The Definitive Glossary of British India|author=Henry Yule, A. C. Burnell|date=13 June 2013|publisher=Oxford|isbn=9780191645839}}</ref><ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/sripedia/ebooks/mw/0400/mw__0498.html Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary, p. 498] (scanned image at ''SriPedia Initiative''): Sanskrit ''dakṣiṇa'' meaning 'southern'.</ref> It has etymological roots in the [[Sanskrit]] ''dakṣiṇa'' and the later [[Prakrit]] ''dakkhin'' ({{lang|sa|दक्षिण}}), which mean the "south".<ref name="Brit">Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (2014), ''Deccan plateau India'', [https://www.britannica.com/place/Deccan Encyclopaedia Britannica]</ref>

==Native Polities==

* [[Satavahana dynasty|Satavahana Dynasty]]
* Bahmanis
* Qutb Shahis
* Hyderabad State (1724-1948)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |author=Richard M. Eaton |title=A Social History of the Deccan, 1300–1761 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2005 |isbn=9780521254847 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cGd2huLXEVYC }}
* {{cite book |author=Shah Manzoor Alam |chapter=The Historic Deccan - A Geographical Appraisal |editor1=Kalpana Markandey |editor2=Geeta Reddy Anant |title=Urban Growth Theories and Settlement Systems of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2E-XejrqHt0C |year=2011 |publisher=Concept |isbn=978-81-8069-739-5 |ref={{harvid|S. M. Alam|2011}} }}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Regions of India]]

Deccan - Revision history

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