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{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Dawkinsia filamentosa -Marcus Knight.tif
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Dahanukar, N. |year=2023 |title=''Dawkinsia filamentosa'' |volume=2023 |article-number=e.T175045686A60628681 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T175045686A60628681.en |access-date=2 July 2024}}</ref>
| taxon = Dawkinsia filamentosa
| display_parents = 3
| authority = ([[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1844)
| synonyms = {{Specieslist
|Barbus filamentosa|(Valenciennes, 1844)
|Barbus filamentosus|(Valenciennes, 1844)
|Leuciscus filamentosus|Valenciennes, 1844
|Puntius filamentosus|(Valenciennes, 1844)
|Systomus filamentosus|(Valenciennes, 1844)
|Systomus maderaspatensis|Jerdon, 1849
|Systomus madraspatensis|Jerdon, 1849
}}
| synonyms_ref = <ref>{{GBIF |id=7741827 |taxon=''Dawkinsia filamentosa'' |accessdate=21 July 2021}}</ref>
}}

'''''Dawkinsia filamentosa''''',<ref>{{cite journal|author=Pethiyagoda, R.|author2=Meegaskumbura, M.|author3=Maduwage, K.|name-list-style=amp|year=2012|url=http://www.pfeil-verlag.de/04biol/pdf/ief23_1_12.pdf|title=A synopsis of the South Asian fishes referred to ''Puntius'' (Pisces: Cyprinidae)|journal=Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters|volume=23|issue=1|pages=69-95|archive-date=2012-11-19|access-date=2012-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121119143800/http://www.pfeil-verlag.de/04biol/pdf/ief23_1_12.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> the '''filament barb''', or '''poovali paral''' is a [[species]] of [[barb (fish)|barb]]. Young fish have barely any color and black spots. They start having more color at three months old. The fish is a swift swimmer.<ref>{{cite book | last = McInerny | first = Derek | author2 = Geoffry Gerard | title = All About Tropical Fish | edition = Fourth | publisher = Harrap Limited | year = 1989 | location = Great Britain | pages = [https://archive.org/details/allabouttropical00mcin/page/159 159] | url = https://archive.org/details/allabouttropical00mcin/page/159 | isbn = 0-8160-2168-6 | url-access = registration }}</ref> Males are larger than females and they [[fertilize]] eggs by swimming into the cloud of eggs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/profiles/filament-barb/ |title=Filament Barb |access-date=2009-11-03 |work=Tropical Fish Keeping }}</ref> The species is most commonly found in [[coastal]] [[floodplains]] near the Southwest Indian states of [[Kerala]], [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Karnataka]]. This species is also known as '''blackspot barb'''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seriouslyfish.com/profile.php?genus=Puntius&species=filamentosus&id=180 |title=''Puntius filamentosus'' - Filament Barb |access-date=2009-11-03 |work=Seriously Fish |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110109152334/http://seriouslyfish.com/profile.php?genus=Puntius&species=filamentosus&id=180 |archive-date=2011-01-09 }}</ref>
[[File:FMIB 46662 Barbus Filamentosus.jpeg|thumb]]

== Etymology ==
[[File:Puntius filamentosus and P. assimilis.png|thumb]]
Its [[Genus|generic]] name, ''[[Dawkinsia]]'', is named after renowned British [[evolutionary biologist]] [[Richard Dawkins]], for "his contribution to the public understanding of science and, in particular, of evolutionary science".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=''Dawkinsia filamentosa'' – Filament Barb (''Puntius filamentosus'', ''Systomus maderaspatensis'') — Seriously Fish|url=https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/dawkinsia-filamentosa/|access-date=2021-07-21}}</ref>

== Diagnosis ==
Adults differ from all other South Asian ''[[Puntius]]'' by a combination of the following characters:<blockquote>branched [[dorsal (anatomy)|dorsal]]-fin rays prolonged into filament-like extensions in adult males only; a black band about as wide as the eye near tip of each [[caudal (anatomical term)|caudal]]-fin lobe; lower lip continuous; a caudal blotch on 2-5 scales, commencing posterior to anal-fin origin; no distinct markings on body in advance of anal-fin origin. Distinguished from ''[[Dawkinsia assimilis|D. assimilis]]'' by Possessing a subterminal mouth (vs. Inferior); [[wikt:maxillary|maxillary]] barbels shorter, 0.5-2.2 of SL % (vs. 5.5-9.3%); post-orbital head length 11.0-12.1% of SL (vs. 8.7-10.4%); and [[interorbital region|interorbital]] width 11.2-12.2% of SL (vs. 10.0-11.1%) . Description: [[Fish fin|Pectoral fin]] with one simple and 14 or 15 branched rays. Lateral line with 18,19 or 20 scales on body, extending 1-3 scales on to caudal-fin base.<ref>{{Cite web|title=''Dawkinsia filamentosa'' (Valenciennes, 1844)|url=https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/266848|access-date=2021-07-21|website=India Biodiversity Portal}}</ref></blockquote>

== Distribution ==
[[Endemism|Endemic]] to but widespread within the [[Western Ghats]] mountains region of southern India in the states of Kerala, [[Tamil Nadu]] and possibly restricted to the south of the [[Karnataka]].

[[Type locality (biology)|Type locality]] is '[[Alappuzha|Alleppey]]', also known as Alappuzha, situated between [[Vembanad|Vembanad Lake]] and the [[Arabian Sea]], [[Kerala]] state, southwestern India<ref name=":0" />

== Habitat ==
According to [[Rohan Pethiyagoda|Pethiyagoda]] and [[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat]] (2005) this species is most common in lowland [[coast]]al [[floodplain]]s. It is found in both fresh and [[Brackish water|brackish]] waters of rivers, [[Estuary|estuaries]], coastal marshes and [[reservoir]]s.<ref name=":0" />

== Fishing ==
Along the rivers of Kerala, these fishes grow in abundance and due to its high diet of worms and insects, they are easily caught with baits by fishermen especially during the monsoon season when they are more widely found.

[[File:Fisherman with his catch of the commonly found Paral Fish (Dawkinsia filamentosa) from the Chalakudy River.jpg|thumb|400px|Fisherman with his catch of the commonly found Paral Fish from the Chalakudy River]]

== Local folklore ==
The Nadanpattu (local song) "Aa Paralu Ee Paralu" introduced by [[Kalabhavan Mani]] mentions the Poovali Paral multiple times and it was added due it's striking features.<ref>https://g.co/kgs/7wZceYW</ref>

==References==
{{Commons category|Dawkinsia filamentosa}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1782884}}

[[Category:Dawkinsia|filamentosa]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of India]]
[[Category:Freshwater fish of India]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1844]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Achille Valenciennes]]

Dawkinsia filamentosa - Revision history

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