https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Dano-Carical_ConflictDano-Carical Conflict - Revision history2026-08-20T07:06:42ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dano-Carical_Conflict&diff=495545&oldid=prevAvdhut Kamble: Created Some Article From Scratch2025-09-13T20:53:34Z<p>Created Some Article From Scratch</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|1644–1645 European conflict in India}}<br />
{{Infobox military conflict<br />
| conflict = Dano-Karaikal Conflict<br />
| place = Carical, [[Portuguese India]]<br />(present-day [[Karaikal]], [[India]])<br />
| date = October 1644 – February 1645<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|10.932701|N|79.831853|E|display=inline,title}}<br />
| result = Portuguese-Dutch victory<br />
| combatant1 = {{Flag|Danish India}}<br />
| combatant2 = {{Flagicon|Portuguese Empire}} [[Portuguese India]]<br />{{flagicon|VOC}} [[Dutch India]]<br />
| commander1 = {{Flagicon|Danish India}} [[Anders Nielsen (colonist)|Anders Nielsen]]<br />{{Flagicon|Danish India}} Simon Jansen{{POW}}<br />
| commander2 = {{Flagicon|Portuguese Empire}} Unknown [[Maha Adigar|adigar]]<br />
| units1 = {{Flagicon|Danish India}} ''Valby''<br />
| units2 = {{flagicon|VOC}} ''Lis''<br />
| strength1 = 6 soldiers<br />4 ships<br />1 [[sampan]]<br />
| strength2 = {{Flagicon|Portuguese Empire}} 3 ships<br />{{Flagicon|Portuguese Empire}} 3 sampans<br />{{flagicon|VOC}} 2 ships<br />
| casualties2 = Many<br />1 sampan<br />
| casualties3 = <br />
| casualties1 = 1 dead<br />2 wounded<br />1 sampan<br />
| image = Negapatnam van Choromandel.jpg<br />
| image_size = 300<br />
| caption = Dutch boats in the nearby [[Negapatnam]], by [[Jan Kip]]<br />
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Danish colonial conflicts}} {{Portuguese colonial campaigns}} {{Dutch colonial campaigns}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Dano-Carical Conflict'''{{Efn|Alternative names include: '''Dano-Carical War''', '''Dano-Karaikal Conflict''', '''Dano-Karaikal War''', '''Danish-Carical War''', '''Danish-Karaikal War''', '''Danish-Carical Conflict''', and the '''Danish-Karaikal Conflict'''.}} ({{Langx|da|Konflikten mod Carical}}) was a [[Low-intensity conflict|small-scale conflict]] between the Danes at [[Tranquebar]] and the Portuguese at [[Karaikal|Carical]] ({{Langx|ta|Karaikal|label=none}}). The conflict includes three smaller naval engagements, which eventually led to a four-hour-long imprisonment of Danish Captain Simon Jansen.<br />
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== Prelude ==<br />
In 1643, the Danes, who had been in possession of [[Tranquebar]] since 1620,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tranquebar, 1620-1845 |url=https://danmarkshistorien.dk/vis/materiale/trankebar |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=danmarkshistorien.dk |language=da}}</ref> seized a [[sampan]] from the Portuguese at [[Karaikal|Carical]] ({{Langx|ta|Karaikal|label=none}}). This resulted in the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] wanting to restore the military balance, and this would lead to three hostile incidents between Tranquebar and Carical.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=137}}<br />
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== Conflict ==<br />
In October 1644, the [[Governor of Danish India]], [[Willem Leyel]], received a letter from the commander of [[Fort Dansborg]], [[Anders Nielsen (colonist)|Anders Nielsen]] about a Portuguese seizure of a Danish sampan.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=137}}{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=140}}<br />
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=== First incident ===<br />
According to Nielsen, the sampan, which belonged to a citizen of Tranquebar, was on its way home from [[Ceylon]], when it was attacked by three Portuguese vessels off Carical.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=140}} The Portuguese carried the sampan with them and the owner of the sampan complained to Nielsen.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=137}}{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=140}}<br />
[[File:A FISHING BOAT.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|A typical Chinese [[sampan]] near the [[Poyang Lake]], by [[William Alexander (painter)|William Alexander]] in {{Circa|1800}}.]]<br />
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=== Second incident ===<br />
Despite having no Danish vessels to pursue the Portuguese, Nielsen set off to Carical in an Indian vessel with three white and three Indian soldiers.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=137}} However, the same three ships that had seized the sampan now appeared again and launched fire upon Nielsen's vessel, where he had to retreat.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=137}}{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=140}}<br />
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Nielsen then wrote a letter to the Carical authorities, threatening to get revenge when he could.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=137}}{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=140}} In response, the adrigar (a [[Municipal clerk|town clerk]]) responded that they just wanted to restore the balance from the Danish seizure of a Portuguese sampan the year before.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=137}}{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=141}} However, Neilsen refuted this claim as pure nonsense.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=137}}{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=141}}<br />
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=== Third incident ===<br />
In February 1645, the ''Valby'' arrived at Tranquebar, and it, together with Simon Jansen, was sent to Carical to revenge the previous attacks.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=145}} Jansen seized two sampans lying in the [[Roadstead|roads]], however, two Dutch ships lay at anchor there.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=141}}{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=145}} The Dutch crews boarded the ''Valby'' and Simon Jansen was brought to Carical as a prisoner.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=141}}<br />
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== Aftermath ==<br />
{{See also|Siege of Dansborg (1644)}}<br />
Jansen would stay as a prisoner for roughly four hours until the sampans he had seized got to safety.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=141}}{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|1999|p=145}} No further hostilities would occur between the two towns, however, it was known that Carical had supported the Indian general, Tiagepule in his [[Siege of Dansborg (1644)|war on Tranquebar]].{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=141}}<br />
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== See also ==<br />
* {{Annotated link|Conquest of Koneswaram Temple}}<br />
* {{Annotated link|Sinking of the Flensborg}}<br />
* {{Annotated link|Sieges of Tranquebar (1655–1669)}}<br />
* {{Annotated link|Roland Crappé's raids on Portuguese colonies}}<br />
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== Notes ==<br />
{{Note list}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Ref list}}<br />
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== Works cited ==<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Bredsdorff |first=Asta |url= |title=The Trials and Travels of Willem Leyel |publisher=[[Museum Tusculanum Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=9788763530231 |edition= |location=Copenhagen}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Bredsdorff |first=Asta |url=https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/928692.pdf |title=Søhistoriske Skrifter |publisher=Handels- og Søfartsmuseet Kronborg |year=1999 |isbn= |edition= |volume=XXI |location=Copenhagen |language=Danish}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Leyel |first=Willem |url=https://www.sa.dk/ao-soegesider/da/other/index-creator/149/103799/23436633 |title=Rentekammerafdelingen: Willum Leyels arkiv (1639 - 1648) |publisher=Danske Kancelli |year=1644 |isbn= |edition= |volume= |location= |language=Danish}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Dano-Carical Conflict}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Wars involving Portugal|Carical]]<br />
[[Category:Wars involving Denmark–Norway|Carical]]<br />
[[Category:Danish colonisation in Asia]]<br />
[[Category:1640s in Danish India]]<br />
[[Category:Military history of the Indian Ocean]]</div>Avdhut Kamble