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{{Short description|Tamil publisher}}
{{use Indian English|date=October 2021}}
{{use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}

'''S Ramakrishnan''', commonly known as '''Cre-A Ramakrishnan'''{{efn|{{langx|ta|க்ரியா ராமகிருஷ்ணன்<ref name="BBCTamil">{{cite news|access-date=2021-10-11|language=ta|title=க்ரியா எஸ். ராமகிருஷ்ணன் காலமானார் - தமிழுக்கு அவரது பங்களிப்பு என்ன?|url=https://www.bbc.com/tamil/india-54971777|newspaper=BBC News தமிழ்}}</ref>|Kriyā Rāmakiruṣṇaṉ}}}} (18 June 1945{{snds}}17 November 2020), was an Indian publisher and editor who founded '''Cre-A Publishing'''.{{efn|{{langx|ta|[[:ta:க்ரியா பதிப்பகம்|க்ரியா பதிப்பகம்]]|Kriyā patippakam}}}} He is known for making major contributions to [[Tamil language|Tamil]] contemporary literature and vocabulary though Cre-A, including the introduction of several editing and translation practices, and for producing one of the most used modern dictionaries of the language.

==Biography==
S Ramakrishnan was born on 18 June 1945 in [[Chennai]]. Although he was born into a [[Telugu people|Telugu]] Brahmin family and natively spoke [[Telugu language|the language]], he considered himself Tamil, and was drawn to Tamil literature from his youth.<ref name="TNIE">{{cite web|access-date=2021-10-11|title=Veteran Tamil publisher, lexicographer Cre-A Ramakrishnan dies at 75|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2020/nov/17/veteran-tamil-publisher-lexicographer-cre-a-ramakrishnan-dies-at-75-2224494.html|website=The New Indian Express |date=17 November 2020 }}</ref><ref name="TH2016">{{cite news|first1=Akila|last1=Kannadasan|access-date=2021-10-11|title=The interpreter of words|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/society/The-interpreter-of-words/article14389993.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|date=7 June 2016|location=Chennai|issn=0971-751X|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> After a stint at [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], Ramakrishnan entered an "informal group... driven by a thirst for books", which included writers such as [[Gnanakoothan]], and published a literary magazine called ''Ka Sa Da Tha Pa Ra'' with them in the 1960s. Following some time working for an advertising agency and "being with books" for two years, where he started thinking about trying to increase the quality of Tamil books and make them on-par with English-language publishing, Ramakrishnan started Cre-A Publishers in 1974 to achieve that mission, with the first work published being a compilation of plays by [[Na Muthuswamy]] titled ''Naarkaalikaarar''.<ref name="TH2020">{{cite news|first1=T.|last1=Ramakrishnan|access-date=2021-10-11|title=Veteran Tamil publisher Cre-A Ramakrishnan no more|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/veteran-tamil-publisher-cre-a-ramakrishnan-no-more/article33112580.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|date=17 November 2020|location=Chennai|issn=0971-751X|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref name="Federal">{{cite web|first1=Samhati|last1=Mohapatra|access-date=2021-10-11|title=Cre-A Ramakrishnan, wordsmith of Tamil literary world, dies at 75|url=https://thefederal.com/obituary/cre-a-ramakrishnan-the-wordsmith-of-tamil-literary-world-dies-at-75/|date=17 November 2020|website=The Federal}}</ref> The name was based on his friend Jayalakshmi, who Ramakrishnan described as "instrumental in introducing me to this field" in an interview; she had originally mentioned the name and pointed out it rhymed with "Jaya" in jest.<ref name="TH2016"/>

Cre-A was initially known for its translations, particularly direct, high-quality ones from French and German for authors such as [[Franz Kafka]] and [[Albert Camus]]. It also published some earlier works of now-renowned writers such as [[C. S. Lakshmi|Ambai]], [[Imayam (writer)|Imayam]] and [[Sundara Ramaswamy]].<ref name="TNIE"/><ref name="Federal"/> It later grew in scope, growing to publish works on "[the] environment, healthcare, agriculture, modern Western philosophy and technology" as well as Tamil translations of Hindi, Bengali and Kannada literature from 1978 onward. Through his experience with publishing, Ramakrishnan decided to fill the need for a contemporary Tamil dictionary, having realized that no such product had been produced yet and concerned about the apparent "lack" of Tamil lexical development, and thus started working on the ''Cre-A Dictionary of Contemporary Tamil'',{{efn|{{langx|ta|[[:ta:க்ரியாவின் தற்காலத் தமிழ் அகராதி|க்ரியாவின் தற்காலத் தமிழ் அகராதி]]|Kriyāviṉ taṟkālat tamiḻ akarāti}}}} which began development in 1985 and was released in 1992.<ref name="TH2020"/><ref name="Federal"/> A review in ''[[The Journal of Asian Studies]]'' of the second edition, published in 2008, stated that it had become "the most reliable, detailed, and useful dictionary of contemporary Tamil" by then. The second edition added new terms, including Sri Lankan regional vocabulary, and new drawings; while the review praised this, it also stated that more regional terms should be added and the dictionary's focus on standard written Tamil limited its potential.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ebeling |first=Sascha |date=August 2009 |title=Kriyāviṉ taṟkālat tamiḻ akarāti (tamiḻ-tamiḻ-āṅkilam): Cre-A Dictionary of Contemporary Tamil (Tamil-Tamil-English). 2nd ed. Edited by S. Ramakrishnan. Chennai: Cre-A Publishers, 2008. lxiii, 1328 pp. Rs. 495 (paper). |journal=The Journal of Asian Studies |language=en |volume=68 |issue=3 |pages=1014–1015 |doi=10.1017/S0021911809990568 |issn=0021-9118|doi-access=free }}</ref> He also played pivotal roles in establishing Roja Muthiah Research Library in Chennai, MOZHI public trust and co-founded the Koothu-P-Pattarai avant-garde theatre group with Na Muthuswamy.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-17|title=Veteran Tamil publisher Cre-A Ramakrishnan passes away|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chennai/veteran-tamil-publisher-cre-a-ramakrishnan-passes-away-7054559/|access-date=2021-11-18|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>

During the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]], Ramakrishnan contracted the disease and was admitted to the [[Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital]] in 2020. Despite this, he continued to edit the third edition of the dictionary from his hospital bed to meet its November 13 release date. Four days later, Ramakrishnan died from the disease at the age of 75; a number of Tamil political figures, including then [[List of chief ministers of Tamil Nadu|Chief Minister]] [[Edappadi K. Palaniswami]], subsequently issued statements of tribute, and linguist-cum-Indologist [[David Dean Shulman]] eulogized him, stating that "he was the living heart of modern Tamil".<ref name="BBCTamil"/><ref>{{cite web|first1=Kavitha|last1=Muralidharan|access-date=2021-10-11|title=Why Tamil publisher Crea Ramakrishnan's literary legacy will be long-lasting|url=https://scroll.in/article/978858/why-tamil-publisher-crea-ramakrishnans-literary-legacy-will-far-outlive-his-life|website=Scroll.in |date=19 November 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2021-10-11|title=S Ramakrishnan, who published the Cre-A Tamil dictionary, dies at 75|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/s-ramakrishnan-who-published-cre-tamil-dictionary-dies-75-137857|date=18 November 2020|website=The News Minute}}</ref>

== Legacy ==
In November 2021, a book was launched by The Hindu Publishing Group titled ''Book Culture in Tamil: Essays in Memory of Cre-A Ramakrishnan'' in remembrance of him.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff Reporter|date=2021-11-18|title=Book launched in memory of Cre-A Ramakrishnan|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/book-launched-in-memory-of-cre-a-ramakrishnan/article37551568.ece|access-date=2021-11-18|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite book |last=James |first=Gregory |chapter=The ''Cre-A'': Dictionary of Contemporary Tamil |pages=271–279 |title=Colporuḷ : a history of Tamil dictionaries |date=2000 |publisher=Cre-A |isbn=81-85602-76-X |edition=1st |location=Chennai |oclc=44614382}}

==External links==
* [https://www.crea.in/ Cre-A Publishing]
* [https://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/crea/ Cre-A Dictionary (1992)], [[Digital South Asia Library]]

[[Category:Indian publishers (people)]]

Cre-A Ramakrishnan - Revision history

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