Cossipore - Revision history

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Page updated with relevant improvements

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	\|image_caption = ~~Sarbamangala Chitteshwari Temple~~, Cossipore		\|image_caption = A view from Satchasi Para, Cossipore
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	'''Cossipore''' (also spelt Cossipur, Kashipur) is a neighbourhood of [[North Kolkata]], in [[Kolkata district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India\|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. One of the oldest neighbourhoods of the metropolis, it has a police station.<ref>{{cite web		'''Cossipore''' (also spelt as '''Cossipur''', '''Kashipur''') is a neighbourhood of [[North Kolkata]], in [[Kolkata district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India\|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. One of the oldest neighbourhoods of the metropolis, it has a police station.<ref>{{cite web
	\| url =http://www.kolkatapolice.org/section.asp?PSID=18&Typ=PS		\| url =http://www.kolkatapolice.org/section.asp?PSID=18&Typ=PS
	\| title =Cossipore Police Station		\| title =Cossipore Police Station
Line 126:		Line 126:
	\| archive-date =8 June 2007		\| archive-date =8 June 2007
	\| url-status =dead		\| url-status =dead
	}}</ref>		}}</ref> Its name has been kept after Mulakchand Dewan Kashinathji, its one-time owner. He had been gifted Cossipore by [[Robert Clive\|Lord Clive]].

	==History==		==History==
Line 154:		Line 154:

	====CSTC Bus====		====CSTC Bus====
			* S69 Cossipore - [[Santragachi]]
	* S17A Ariadaha - [[Kudghat]]		* S17A Ariadaha - [[Kudghat]]

	===Train===		===Train===
	[[Kolkata Station]] (one of the major railway hub stations of the city) and [[Dum Dum Junction]] are the nearest railway stations. [[Tala railway station]] and [[Bagbazar railway station]] on [[Kolkata Circular Railway]] line are also located nearby.		[[Kolkata Station]] (one of the major railway hub stations of the city) and [[Dum Dum Junction]] are the nearest railway stations. [[Tala railway station]] and [[Bagbazar railway station]] on [[Kolkata Circular Railway]] line are also located nearby.

	~~==Economy==~~

	~~===Gun and Shell Factory===~~
	The more than two centuries old Gun and Shell Factory at Cossipore is the oldest surviving factory in the Indian subcontinent. It was set up in 1802 and functions under the [[Ordnance Factories Board]]. Along with technological evolution, the plant has successfully altered its product mix to suit the requirements of changing times. The plant has recently undergone large scale modernisation. Its product-mix ranges from big barrel guns to small barrel pistols, different varieties of shells and fuses and civil trade items.<ref name="Gun1">{{cite web \| url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/cossipore.htm \| title = Cossipore Gun and Shell Factory \| access-date = 2008-01-16 \| publisher = globalsecurity.org}}</ref><ref name="Gun2">{{cite web \| url = http://mod.nic.in/Samachar/april15-02/html/ch1.htm \| title = Two Centuries of Guns and Shells \| access-date = 2008-01-16 \| publisher = Sainik Samachar \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120207204324/http://mod.nic.in/Samachar/april15-02/html/ch1.htm \| archive-date = 7 February 2012 \| url-status = dead }}</ref>

	It started off as Gun Carriage Agency, but after shifting of the agency first to Allahabad in 1814, and then to Fatehgarh in 1816, its importance was diminished. Finally in 1829, all the machines were shifted to Fatehgarh. However, it had the strength of springing back to life again and again. The vacant space was utilised for the much-needed expansion and renovation of the Gun Factory of Fort William. Besides casting of brass guns, it also took up manufacture of iron shot and shells.<ref name="Gun1"/><ref name="Gun2"/>

	Around 1855, breech-loading steel rifled guns had got its way to the British arsenal, but the Cossipore plant was not properly equipped to undertake manufacturing of such guns. The mini-bullet factory was transferred to Dumdum. It had little work and there were suggestions for its closure but it survived. The rifled guns, imported from England, required new elongated shells. It was decided that Cossipore would be utilised for manufacturing of the new shells. It underwent some expansion and the name ‘Gun Foundry’ was changed to ‘Foundry and Shell Factory’ in 1872. Along with the manufacturing of new elongated shell, there was requirement of undertaking manufacturing of modern fuses and cartridges to match the newly introduced breech-loading guns. So further expansion took place in 1887 and 1890.<ref name="Gun1"/><ref name="Gun2"/>

	In 1892, steel was, for the first time cast in India, at Cossipore by a Siemen's Martin Open Hearth Plant. In 1896, a rolling mill was erected. However, the metallurgical units were shifted to Ishapore in 1903 as no further space for expansion was available at Cossipore. In 1890, a shop was erected for the manufacture and repair of fittings of imported breech-loading guns. The plant undertook the manufacture of quick-firing guns in 1905. With the return of the manufacturing of guns, the name of Cossipore unit got the present name of ‘Gun and Shell Factory’ in 1905.<ref name="Gun1"/><ref name="Gun2"/>

	==Cossipore Electric Generating Station==		==Cossipore Electric Generating Station==

	New Cossipore Generating station started producing electric for CESC from the year 1949 and has current capacity of 100 MW. This is older and uses non Pulverized Fuel to generate electricity. This unit plays a major part creating an economic eco system in its own. There are a lot of people live in Cossipore who are part of that ecosystem. But in 2015 it was closed.		New Cossipore Generating station started producing electric for CESC from the year 1949 and has current capacity of 100 MW. This is older and uses non Pulverized Fuel to generate electricity. This unit plays a major part creating an economic eco system in its own. There are a lot of people live in Cossipore who are part of that ecosystem. But in 2015 it was closed.

	~~==Culture==~~
	~~[[File:Cossipore udyan bati.jpg\|thumb\|Cossipore Udyanbati]]~~
	The branch of the [[Ramakrishna Math]] at Cossipore is popular as [http://www.rkmcudyanbati.org/home.html Udyanbati].<ref>[http://www.rkmcudyanbati.org/home.html Udyanbati]</ref> This garden house was sanctified by [[Ramakrishna]]'s stay with his disciples during the last few months of his life, as also by his mahasamadhi. It was made a branch of Ramakrishna Math in 1946.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.belurmath.org/centres/csp.htm\| title = Ramakrishna Math and Mission\| access-date = 2008-01-16\| publisher = belurmath.org\| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080115181641/http://www.belurmath.org/centres/csp.htm\| archive-date = 15 January 2008\| url-status = dead}}</ref> '''Kalpataru Utsab is organised on 1 January every year'''.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070102/asp/calcutta/story_7208021.asp
	~~\|title = Kalpataru Utsab at Udyanbati, Cossipore\| access-date = 2008-01-16 \| publisher = The Telegraph, 2 January 2007}}</ref>~~

	==Gallery==		==Gallery==
	<gallery>		<gallery>
			File:Sarbamangola Kali Temple 01.jpg\|Sarbamangala Chitteshwari Temple, Cossipore
	File:Sarbamangala Chitteswari Temple 2.jpg\|Sarbamangala Chitteshwari Temple Inside View		File:Sarbamangala Chitteswari Temple 2.jpg\|Sarbamangala Chitteshwari Temple Inside View
	File:Sarvamangala Temple Interior.jpg\|Sarbamangala Chitteshwari Temple Interior View		File:Sarvamangala Temple Interior.jpg\|Sarbamangala Chitteshwari Temple Interior View
	File:Durga at Adi Chitteswari Temple 03.jpg\|Durga Idol at ~~Sarbamangala~~ Chitteswari Temple		File:Durga at Adi Chitteswari Temple 03.jpg\|Durga Idol at Chitteswari Temple
	</gallery>		</gallery>

	~~==External links==~~
	~~{{Wikivoyage-inline\|Kolkata/Northern fringes}}~~

	==References==		==References==
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	[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]]		[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]]

			==External links==
			{{Wikivoyage-inline\|Kolkata/Northern fringes}}

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{{other uses|Kashipur (disambiguation){{!}}Kashipur}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
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'''Cossipore''' (also spelt Cossipur, Kashipur) is a neighbourhood of [[North Kolkata]], in [[Kolkata district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. One of the oldest neighbourhoods of the metropolis, it has a police station.<ref>{{cite web
| url =http://www.kolkatapolice.org/section.asp?PSID=18&Typ=PS
| title =Cossipore Police Station
| access-date =2008-01-16
| publisher =Kolkata Police
| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070608210113/http://www.kolkatapolice.org/Section.asp?PSID=18&Typ=PS
| archive-date =8 June 2007
| url-status =dead
}}</ref>

==History==
The [[East India Company]] obtained from the [[Mughal emperors|Mughal emperor]] [[Farrukhsiyar]], in 1717, the right to rent from 38 villages surrounding their settlement. Of these 5 lay across the [[Hooghly River|Hooghly]] in what is now Howrah district. The remaining 33 villages were on the Calcutta side. After the fall of [[Siraj-ud-daulah]], the last independent [[Nawab of Bengal]], it purchased these villages in 1758 from [[Mir Jafar]] and reorganised them. These villages were known en-bloc as ''[[Dihi Panchannagram]]'' and Cossipore was one of them. It was considered to be a suburb beyond the limits of the [[Maratha Ditch]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1916_PART_A_DCHB_KOLKATA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Kolkata, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Pages 6-10: The History | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 20 February 2018}}</ref><ref>Cotton, H.E.A., ''Calcutta Old and New'', first published 1909/reprint 1980, pages 103-4 and 221, General Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.</ref><ref>Nair, P.Thankappan, ''The Growth and Development of Old Calcutta'', in ''Calcutta, the Living City'', Vol. I, pp. 14-15, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Oxford University Press, 1995 edition.</ref>

[[H. E. A. Cotton]] writes, "The Cossipore Reach was one of the finest on the river, and is lined by a number of villa residences." From those days Cossipore had a number of industrial units. – the Government Gun Foundry, the Snider and Rifle Shell factories (originally constructed by Colonel Hutchinson), sugar mills and jute screw houses.<ref>Cotton, H.E.A., ''Calcutta Old and New'', 1909/1980, p. 221, General Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.</ref>

[[Entally]], [[Manicktala]], [[Beliaghata]], [[Ultadanga]], [[Chitpur]], Cossipore, parts of [[Beniapukur]], [[Ballygunge]], [[Watgunge]] and Ekbalpur and parts of [[Garden Reach]] and [[Tollygunj]] were added to Kolkata Municipal Corporation in 1888. Garden Reach was later taken out.<ref>Bagchi, Amiya Kumar, ''Wealth and Work in Calcutta, 1860-1921'', in ''Calcutta, the Living City'', Vol. I, edited by [[Sukanta Chaudhuri]], p. 213, Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|978-0-19-563696-3}}.</ref>

==Geography==
===KMC ward===
[[Ward No. 1, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|Ward No. 1]] and [[Ward No. 6, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|Ward No. 6]] of [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]] cover Cossipore. It has six prominent ghats on the Hooghly – from south - Cossipore Ghat, Sadhur Ghat, Ranir Ghat, Pramanick Ghat, Ramakrishna Mahasashan and Ratan Babu Ghat.<ref>Detail Maps of 141 Wards of Kolkata, D.R.Publication and Sales Concern, 66 College Street, Kolkata – 700073</ref>

===Police district===
Cossipore police station is part of the [[Divisions of Kolkata Police|North and North Suburban division]] of [[Kolkata Police]]. Located at 58/A, Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata-700002, it has jurisdiction over Cossipore neighbourhood/ [[Ward No. 1, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|Ward No. 1]] of [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]].<ref name="police">{{cite web |url = http://www.kolkatapolice.gov.in/division.asp?ID=3&Division=X |title = Kolkata Police |work = North and North Suburban Division |publisher = KP |access-date = 5 March 2018 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180330083931/http://kolkatapolice.gov.in/division.asp?ID=3&Division=X |archive-date = 30 March 2018 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title= Table 3 District Wise List of Statutory Towns (Municipal Corporation, Municipality, Notified Area and Cantonment Board), Census Towns and Outgrowths, West Bengal, 2001 |access-date= 17 July 2016 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110721163402/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/01/Table-3.htm |archive-date=21 July 2011 }}</ref>

[[Amherst Street (Kolkata)#Police district|Amherst Street Women police station]] covers all police districts under the jurisdiction of the North and North Suburban division i.e. Amherst Street, Jorabagan, Shyampukur, Cossipore, Chitpur, Sinthi, Burtolla and Tala.<ref name="police"/>

==Transport==
Cossipore Road (Sri Sri Ramakrishna Paramahansa Dev Sarani) is the artery of the area. The road is connected to [[Barrackpore Trunk Road|B.T. Road]] (at Chiria More) with Khagendra Chatterjee Road.<ref>Google maps</ref>

===Bus===
====Private Bus====
* 34B [[Dunlop, Kolkata|Dunlop]] - [[Esplanade, Kolkata|Esplanade]]
* 43 [[Dakshineswar]] - [[Esplanade, Kolkata|Esplanade]]
* 242 Cossipore 4B - [[Esplanade, Kolkata|Esplanade]]

====CSTC Bus====
* S17A Ariadaha - [[Kudghat]]

===Train===
[[Kolkata Station]] (one of the major railway hub stations of the city) and [[Dum Dum Junction]] are the nearest railway stations. [[Tala railway station]] and [[Bagbazar railway station]] on [[Kolkata Circular Railway]] line are also located nearby.

==Economy==

===Gun and Shell Factory===
The more than two centuries old Gun and Shell Factory at Cossipore is the oldest surviving factory in the Indian subcontinent. It was set up in 1802 and functions under the [[Ordnance Factories Board]]. Along with technological evolution, the plant has successfully altered its product mix to suit the requirements of changing times. The plant has recently undergone large scale modernisation. Its product-mix ranges from big barrel guns to small barrel pistols, different varieties of shells and fuses and civil trade items.<ref name="Gun1">{{cite web | url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/cossipore.htm | title = Cossipore Gun and Shell Factory | access-date = 2008-01-16 | publisher = globalsecurity.org}}</ref><ref name="Gun2">{{cite web | url = http://mod.nic.in/Samachar/april15-02/html/ch1.htm | title = Two Centuries of Guns and Shells | access-date = 2008-01-16 | publisher = Sainik Samachar | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120207204324/http://mod.nic.in/Samachar/april15-02/html/ch1.htm | archive-date = 7 February 2012 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

It started off as Gun Carriage Agency, but after shifting of the agency first to Allahabad in 1814, and then to Fatehgarh in 1816, its importance was diminished. Finally in 1829, all the machines were shifted to Fatehgarh. However, it had the strength of springing back to life again and again. The vacant space was utilised for the much-needed expansion and renovation of the Gun Factory of Fort William. Besides casting of brass guns, it also took up manufacture of iron shot and shells.<ref name="Gun1"/><ref name="Gun2"/>

Around 1855, breech-loading steel rifled guns had got its way to the British arsenal, but the Cossipore plant was not properly equipped to undertake manufacturing of such guns. The mini-bullet factory was transferred to Dumdum. It had little work and there were suggestions for its closure but it survived. The rifled guns, imported from England, required new elongated shells. It was decided that Cossipore would be utilised for manufacturing of the new shells. It underwent some expansion and the name ‘Gun Foundry’ was changed to ‘Foundry and Shell Factory’ in 1872. Along with the manufacturing of new elongated shell, there was requirement of undertaking manufacturing of modern fuses and cartridges to match the newly introduced breech-loading guns. So further expansion took place in 1887 and 1890.<ref name="Gun1"/><ref name="Gun2"/>

In 1892, steel was, for the first time cast in India, at Cossipore by a Siemen's Martin Open Hearth Plant. In 1896, a rolling mill was erected. However, the metallurgical units were shifted to Ishapore in 1903 as no further space for expansion was available at Cossipore. In 1890, a shop was erected for the manufacture and repair of fittings of imported breech-loading guns. The plant undertook the manufacture of quick-firing guns in 1905. With the return of the manufacturing of guns, the name of Cossipore unit got the present name of ‘Gun and Shell Factory’ in 1905.<ref name="Gun1"/><ref name="Gun2"/>

==Cossipore Electric Generating Station==

New Cossipore Generating station started producing electric for CESC from the year 1949 and has current capacity of 100 MW. This is older and uses non Pulverized Fuel to generate electricity. This unit plays a major part creating an economic eco system in its own. There are a lot of people live in Cossipore who are part of that ecosystem. But in 2015 it was closed.

==Culture==
[[File:Cossipore udyan bati.jpg|thumb|Cossipore Udyanbati]]
The branch of the [[Ramakrishna Math]] at Cossipore is popular as [http://www.rkmcudyanbati.org/home.html Udyanbati].<ref>[http://www.rkmcudyanbati.org/home.html Udyanbati]</ref> This garden house was sanctified by [[Ramakrishna]]'s stay with his disciples during the last few months of his life, as also by his mahasamadhi. It was made a branch of Ramakrishna Math in 1946.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.belurmath.org/centres/csp.htm| title = Ramakrishna Math and Mission| access-date = 2008-01-16| publisher = belurmath.org| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080115181641/http://www.belurmath.org/centres/csp.htm| archive-date = 15 January 2008| url-status = dead}}</ref> '''Kalpataru Utsab is organised on 1 January every year'''.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070102/asp/calcutta/story_7208021.asp
|title = Kalpataru Utsab at Udyanbati, Cossipore| access-date = 2008-01-16 | publisher = The Telegraph, 2 January 2007}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Sarbamangala Chitteswari Temple 2.jpg|Sarbamangala Chitteshwari Temple Inside View
File:Sarvamangala Temple Interior.jpg|Sarbamangala Chitteshwari Temple Interior View
File:Durga at Adi Chitteswari Temple 03.jpg|Durga Idol at Sarbamangala Chitteswari Temple
</gallery>

==External links==
{{Wikivoyage-inline|Kolkata/Northern fringes}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Kolkata neighbourhoods}}

[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]]