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	\| identification_symbol = ~~[[File:Regimental Flag of the Corps of Army Air Defence.jpg\|200px]]~~		\| identification_symbol =
	\| identification_symbol_label = Regimental flag		\| identification_symbol_label = Regimental flag
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	=== Regimental flag ===		=== Regimental flag ===
	~~[[File:Regimental Flag of the Corps of Army Air Defence.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Regimental Flag]]~~
	The regimental flag consists of two halves. The upper and lower halves comprise sky blue and red colors respectively. The upper sky blue color portrays the clear blue skies that are protected by air defence corps by the guns and missiles, which are depicted by red. The regimental crest is centered between the two halves		The regimental flag consists of two halves. The upper and lower halves comprise sky blue and red colors respectively. The upper sky blue color portrays the clear blue skies that are protected by air defence corps by the guns and missiles, which are depicted by red. The regimental crest is centered between the two halves

Khan786: Created page with " {{Infobox military unit | unit_name =Corps of Army Air Defence | image =Regimental Crest-Corps o..."

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Created page with " {{Infobox military unit | unit_name =Corps of Army Air Defence | image =Regimental Crest-Corps o..."

New page

{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name =Corps of Army Air Defence
| image =Regimental Crest-Corps of Army Air Defence.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| alt =
| caption = Regimental crest
| dates = {{start date|1939}} – present day
| country = {{flag|British India}} (1939-1947) {{IND}} (1947-present)
| allegiance = {{flag|United Kingdom}} {{flag|Republic of India}}
| branch = {{army|British India}} {{army|India}}
| type = [[Army Corps]]
| role = [[Anti-aircraft warfare|Air Defence Warfare]]
| size = Around 85,000 soldiers and 6,000 officers.
| command_structure = Organized into Brigades, Regiments and Battalions under Army Division and Corps.
| garrison =
| garrison_label =
| nickname =
| patron =
| motto = [[Sanskrit]]: {{lang|sa|आकाशे शत्रुन् जहि}} [[English language|English]]: {{lang|en|Defeat the Enemy in the Sky}}
| colors = {{color box|#81BFFD}} {{color box|#DB0606}} Sky blue & Red
| colors_label =  Regimental colors
| march =
| mascot =
| equipment = [[Akash SAM]], [[2K12 Kub|Kub (SA-6 Gainful)]], [[S-125 Neva/Pechora]], [[S-200 (missile)|S-200]], [[9K33 Osa]] (SA-8 Gecko), [[9K35 Strela-10]] (SA-13 Gopher), [[9K22 Tunguska]], [[ZSU-23-4]]M 'Shilka', [[ZSU-23-2]], [[FIM-92 Stinger]]
| equipment_label =Equipment (Missiles & Missile Systems)
| battles =[[World War II]] [[1947 Indo-Pakistani War]] [[Sino-Indian War of 1962]] [[Indo-Pak War of 1965]] [[Indo-Pak War of 1971]] [[Kargil War]]
| anniversaries = January 10<ref name="The Corps of Army Air Defence Celebrates Its Raising Day -PIB">{{cite web|title=The Corps of Army Air Defence Celebrates Its Raising Day|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=114512|website=Press Information Bureau|publisher=Government of India-Ministry of Defence|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref>
| decorations =
| battle_honours =
| battle_honours_label =
| disbanded =
| flying_hours =
| website = [http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTemp2P_SameRow1Flash2C.aspx?MnId=gmpP1cf6uoiY3eOkskSnew==&ParentID=gsMFwlm4djxe3mmi6OcRng==&flag=46el9QhNMlic/TNm+FrDUw== Indian Army Official Site]
| commander1 = Lieutenant General Sunil Puri Goswami<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/air-marshal-vivek-ram-chaudhari-is-vice-chief-of-iaf-276746|title=Air Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari is Vice Chief of IAF, Lt Gen Sunil Puri Goswami is DG, Air Defence|date=2021-07-01|access-date=2021-07-01}}</ref>
| commander1_label = Director General of Corps of Army Air Defence
| commander2 =
| commander2_label =
| commander3 =
| commander3_label =
| commander4 =
| commander4_label =
| commander5 =
| notable_commanders =
| native_name =
| countries =
| current_commander =

| identification_symbol = [[File:Regimental Flag of the Corps of Army Air Defence.jpg|200px]]
| identification_symbol_label = Regimental flag
}}
The '''Corps of Army Air Defence''' (abbreviated as '''AAD'''), is an active corps of the [[Indian Army]] and a major combative formation tasked with [[Anti-aircraft warfare|air defences]] of the country from foreign threats. The AAD Corps is responsible for the protection of Indian air space from enemy aircraft and missiles, especially below 5,000 feet.<ref name="21 Different Branches Of Indian Army That Make It Such An Efficient Defence Force">{{cite web|author1=Rishabh Mishra|title=21 Different Branches Of Indian Army That Make It Such An Efficient Defence Force|url=http://topyaps.com/branches-of-the-indian-army|website=TopYaps|accessdate=7 June 2016|date=24 June 2015}}</ref>

The history of the AAD dates back to 1939 during the times of the [[British Raj]] in India. The corps actively took part in the [[Second World War]] fighting on behalf of the [[British Empire]]. Post independence, the corps has participated in all the [[wars involving India]], starting from the [[1947 Indo-Pakistani War]] to the [[1999 Kargil conflict]].

The corps enjoyed autonomous status from 1994, after the bifurcation of the Corps of Air Defence Artillery from the Army's [[Regiment of Artillery (India)|artillery regiment]]. A separate training school, the [[Army Air Defence College]] (AADC), was established to train its personnel.<ref name="Indian Army Air Defence-GC">{{cite web|title=Corps of Army Air Defence|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/air-defence.htm|website=Global Security|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="Indian Armed Forces AAD">{{cite book|author1=Bharat Verma|author2=BK Pandey|author3=GM Hiranandani|title=Indian Armed Forces: Army Air Defence|publisher=Lancer Publishers LLC|isbn=9781935501732|edition=1st|language=English}}</ref>

== History and origin ==

===Pre-independence===
[[File:The Mounted ZU 23 MM Twin Gun with its crew passes through the Rajpath on the occasion of Republic Day Parade-2005, in New Delhi on January 26, 2005.jpg|thumb|305x305px| Mounted ZU 23 MM Twin Gun |alt=|right]]
[[File:The Tangushka Mount System gliding down the Rajpath during the Republic Day Parade - 2006, in New Delhi on January 26, 2006.jpg|thumb|305x305px| [[2K22 Tunguska|Tunguska]] Mount System |alt=|right]]
[[File:OSA- AK Weapon System passes through the Rajpath during the full dress rehearsal for the Republic Day Parade-2014, in New Delhi on January 23, 2014.jpg|thumb|305x305px| OSA- AK Weapon System|alt=|right]]
[[File:Akash (Army Version) passes through the Rajpath during the full dress rehearsal for the Republic Day Parade-2015, in New Delhi on January 23, 2015.jpg|thumb|305x305px| Akash surface to air missile|alt=|right]]
Air defence artillery in India was first established by the [[British India|British Government]] ruling India in 1939, at the start of [[World War II]] to counter the growing aerial threat from the [[Axis powers]], especially from the [[Japan]]ese in [[East Asia]]. A small number of Indian troops were initially trained to use [[QF 3-inch 20 cwt|3-inch Ack-Ack guns]] and in the later stages of the conflict to operate [[Bofors 40 mm gun#40 mm L.2F60|Bofors 40 mm L/60 guns]]. The trained troops formed part of the [[anti-aircraft]] batteries of the [[Hong Kong and Singapore Royal Artillery]] (HKSRA) to counter the Japanese air threat in [[South-East Asia]]. They were also assigned to Indian artillery formations. In the early 1940s, several anti-aircraft units and training establishments were established throughout the country with Indian personnel being posted into these establishments from the [[List of regiments of the Indian Army#Infantry Regiments .2832.29|infantry]] and [[List of regiments of the Indian Army#Units of the Regiment of Artillery|artillery]] regiments.<ref name="Need to Expeditiously Modernise Army Air Defence">{{cite web|author1=Major General P K Chakravorty (Retired)|title=Need to Expeditiously Modernise Army Air Defence|url=http://bharatshakti.in/need-to-expeditiously-modernise-army-air-defence/|website=Bharat Shakti|accessdate=7 June 2016}}</ref>

With the increasing importance of air defence due to the ongoing World War, new anti-aircraft units were raised in the [[British Indian Army|regular army]], serving alongside the existing anti-aircraft units which were used for static roles. Separate units were established to tackle the [[High level bombing|high]] and low altitude bombers, and anti-aircraft units and formations were systematized on the basis of required gun density, with larger numbers of troops and guns being allocated to the highly vulnerable and sensitive areas compared to less vulnerable areas.

In July 1940, the government established training schools for anti-aircraft and [[coastal defence and fortification|coastal defence]] wings at Karachi. These schools predominantly trained Indian personnel including [[commissioned officers|commissioned]], [[Junior commissioned officer|junior commissioned]] and [[non-commissioned officer|non-commissioned]] officers in [[anti-aircraft warfare]]. In August 1940, the British Ministry of Defence decided to separate the anti-aircraft units from the [[Regiment of Artillery (India)|artillery department]] of the army into an independent branch based on the idea of [[Artillery|towed artillery]]. In September 1940, an anti-aircraft training battery was formed at [[Colaba]], in [[Bombay]], to impart technical training to the troops. The first anti-aircraft unit of [[Indian Artillery]] was the Royal High Altitude Airship ('R' HAA) Regiment, which was part of the battery based at Colaba. In April 1941, both the light anti-aircraft unit called the 'U' Anti-Aircraft Regiment that was raised at [[Malir Cantonment]] (now in [[Pakistan]]) in January that year equipped with Bofors 40 mm L/60 guns, and the Royal High Altitude Airship ('R' HAA) Regiment, were renamed as 1 Indian Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment IA and 1 Indian High Altitude Airship Regiment IA respectively.

By 1942, the air defence branch had grown considerably with eighteen operational anti-aircraft regiments, of which nine were High Altitude Airship regiments and nine were Low Altitude Airship regiments. Besides the four brigades that were exclusively undertaking air defence tasks, one independent High Altitude Airship battery and two independent Low batteries were also in existence, with two training centres established to train the personnel in anti-aircraft warfare. By the end of 1944, this had reached a total of thirty three air defence artillery units. However, after actively taking part in the second world war on behalf of the [[British Empire]], many of these were disbanded.<ref name="Indian Army Air Defence-GC" /><ref name="Modernisation of Army Air Defence -IDR">{{cite web|author1=Lt Gen Ram Pratap, AVSM, VSM|title=Modernisation of Army Air Defence|url=http://www.indiandefencereview.com/news/modernisation-of-army-air-defence/0/|website=Indian Defence Review|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="INDIAN ARMY AIR DEFENCE-IPHB">{{cite web|title=INDIAN ARMY AIR DEFENCE|url=http://indianprideholders.blogspot.in/2012/01/indian-army-air-defence.html|website=Indian Pride Holders Blogspot|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="History-AAD-Army Official">{{cite web|title=History|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=4Fm+GZejNPYci/u/KMAV7g==&ParentID=M/DOGn6JXk49a1ugLTlLfA==History|website=Indian Army|publisher=Govt.. of India|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="Indian Defence Review 31.1">{{cite book|author1=Air Marshal Anil Chopra|author2=Vice Admiral AP Revi|author3=Lt Gen Gautam Banerjee|author4=Lt Gen VK Saxena|author5=Maj Gen AK Mehra|author6=Maj Gen PK Chakravorty|author7=Danvir Singh|author8=Maj Gen AK Chadha|title=Indian Defence Review|date=201|publisher=Lancer Publishers LLC|isbn=9781940988245|edition=31.1}}</ref><ref name="The Indian Army and the end of the Raj : decolonising the subcontinent">{{cite book|author1=Daniel Marston|title=The Indian Army and the End of the Raj: Decolonising the Subcontinent|date=2014|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521899758}}</ref><ref name="The Indian Army, 1939–47: Experience and Development">{{cite book|author1=Routledge|title=The Indian Army, 1939–47: Experience and Development|date=2016|publisher=Patrick Rose|isbn=9781317027645|edition=1st}}</ref><ref name="India's armed forces : fifty years of war and peace">{{cite book|author1=Ashok Krishna|title=India's Armed Forces: Fifty Years of War and Peace|date=1998|publisher=Lancer Publishers|location=New Delhi|isbn=9781897829479}}</ref><ref name="India 2014 Concise">{{cite book|title=India 2014 Concise|publisher=Kalinjar Publications|isbn=9789382732891}}</ref>

===Post-independence===

After the [[Partition of India|partition]] during [[Independence of India|independence]] in 1947, the units of the British Indian Army were divided between the newly independent nations. Out of the air defence artillery units that had remained in the aftermath of the Second World War only two units, the 26 and 27 Low Altitude Airship Regiments, were transferred India. The two oldest units, I Training Battery and Royal High Altitude Airship ('R' HAA) Regiment, were transferred to Pakistan.

In the aftermath of India's involvement in the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] of 1971, India's air defence artillery was substantially modernized. The induction of modern air defence technology commenced with the deployment of the [[Sea Cat|Tiger Cat Mobile Land-Based System]] in 1972. Subsequently, various weapons systems were introduced between 1972 and 1978, including the [[ZSU-23-4]]B "Shilka", [[ZU-23-2]]B guns, [[9K33 Osa]] systems, [[9K38 Igla|9K38 Igla surface-to-air missiles]] and [[9K35 Strela-10]] missiles.

During the period of 1987–94, India's Air Defence Corps recorded several momentous events that refashioned the identity of air defence in India. By the end of 1989, the Air Defence and Guided Missile School and Centre was established at Gopalpur Military Station in [[Orissa, India|Orissa]]. Subsequently, the air defence wing at the Artillery School was moved to the Air Defence Guided Missile School.

In October 1993, the Regiment of Artillery was bifurcated and the Corps of Air Defence Artillery came into existence on 10 January 1994. The headquarters of the corps, the Directorate General of Air Defence Artillery, came into force the same day. Subsequently, the air defence wings and branches of the artillery present at various command headquarters throughout the country were bifurcated into the corps from the respective artillery units and regiments. Autonomous status was awarded to the Air Defence Guided Missile School at Gopalpur and the Air Defence Wing of the Artillery Centre, Nasik Road Camp was inducted into the Air Defence Guided Missile Centre. The day on which the Corps of Air Defence Artillery emerged as an autonomous corps of the Indian Army, 10 January, is celebrated as the raising day annually at air defence centers throughout the country.<ref name="The Corps of Army Air Defence Celebrates Its Raising Day -PIB" /><ref name="Defence, Army, Latest News, Interviews, Videos, Show Report - SP's Land Forces">{{cite web|title=VSHORADS Decision This Year?nd Forces|url=http://www.spslandforces.com/exclusive/?id=9&h=19-years-of-Corps-of-Army-Air-Defence-(AAD)|website=www.spslandforces.com|accessdate=7 June 2016}}</ref><ref name='2nd International Seminar on " Army Air Defence in 21st Century"'>{{cite web|title=2nd International Seminar on " Army Air Defence in 21st Century"|url=http://www.cii.in/Digital_Library_Details.aspx?enc=pZVQM37jtSRTHIkmBsithfJmz0qWfG+ttlzF5cKUVII+TdBCiMhnhxyJKQNG+R3J|website=www.cii.in|accessdate=7 June 2016}}</ref>

The Air Defence & Guided Missile School and Centre and the Corps of Air Defence Artillery were rechristened as the Army Air Defence College (AADC) and the Corps of Army Air Defence in 1998 and April 2005 respectively.<ref name="Indian Army Air Defence-GC" /><ref name="INDIAN ARMY AIR DEFENCE-IPHB" /><ref name="History-AAD-Army Official" /><ref name="The Indian Army and the end of the Raj : decolonising the subcontinent" /><ref name="India's armed forces : fifty years of war and peace" />

==Current overview==

===Army Air Defence College===
{{main article|Army Air Defence College}}
Established in 1989 as an autonomous body, the Army Air Defence College (AADC) (previously Air Defence and Guided Missile School and Centre) is the training school for the personnel of the Air Defence Corps. Officers undergo both initial and regular refresher training, and soldiers are given a 2-month advanced training after their basic training. It also holds regular training courses and programs for gunnery, advanced gunnery, and leadership. The college is located in the [[Gopalpur, Odisha|Gopalpur cantonment]], Odisha, with about 2700 acres of land. In addition to the troops from Indian Army, the school trains the Indian Navy and Air Force personnel tasked with the air defence systems. Training is also given to the personnel from friendly nations.

===Band===
The regimental [[military band]] was raised in 1995 at the AAD Centre. To date, it takes part in various national and international functions. Its string ensemble the "Celestial Sentinels", was raised in November 2001. A [[pipe band]] is maintained by Army Air Defence College in [[Gopalpur, Odisha|Gopalpur]].<ref>https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTemp9P13C.aspx?MnId=+6nknKl37e+XLIDzqZFuLQ==&ParentID=fiQjvs0I3ChLZ01dWGLG5g==&flag=8CKP966uzg96kLov0aWdfQ==</ref>

== Regimental insignia ==
In 1994, following the bifurcation, the government set-up the Mukherjee Committee headed by retired [[Major General]] A Mukherjee to design and select new regimental insignia including a regimental crest, flag and motto.

=== Regimental crest ===
[[File:Regimental Crest-Corps of Army Air Defence.jpg|thumb|right|Regimental Crest]]
The Mukherjee Committee assigned the task of the designing the regimental crest to the [[National Institute of Design]] (NID), at [[Ahmedabad]]. After a series of reviews, modifications and improvements, finally the crest designed by Vijay Singh was adopted.

The crest depicts the neo-facet of the corps. It portrays a missile in silver tint, with radar antennae in gold colour fixed on the either side. At the bottom, the motto "{{lang|sa|आकाशे शत्रुन् जहि}}" in English "Akashe Shatrun Jahi" is imprinted.<ref name="Indian Army Air Defence-GC" /><ref name="INDIAN ARMY AIR DEFENCE-IPHB" /><ref name="Customs and Traditions-AAD-Army Official">{{cite web|title=Customs and Traditions|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTemp9P13C.aspx?MnId=LhNm3T62BPi4ET7tFzVf4A==&ParentID=PpKfAEavBXlrF+p/EKh95g==|website=Indian Army|publisher=Govt. of India|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref>

=== Regimental flag ===
[[File:Regimental Flag of the Corps of Army Air Defence.jpg|thumb|right|Regimental Flag]]
The regimental flag consists of two halves. The upper and lower halves comprise sky blue and red colors respectively. The upper sky blue color portrays the clear blue skies that are protected by air defence corps by the guns and missiles, which are depicted by red. The regimental crest is centered between the two halves

=== Regimental motto ===
The sentence "{{lang|sa|आकाशे शत्रुन् जहि}}" (Akashe Shatrun Jahi) of [[Devanagari]] script, which means "{{lang|en|Kill the Enemy in the Sky}}" was adopted as the regimental motto in 1996.<ref name="Indian Army Air Defence-GC" /><ref name="INDIAN ARMY AIR DEFENCE-IPHB" /><ref name="Customs and Traditions-AAD-Army Official" />

==List of Units==

{{See |List of Corps of Army Air Defence Units}}
== Director General ==
The office of "Director General of Corps of Army Air Defence" serves as the general headquarters to the corps. The position was first created when the Corps of Army Air Defence was bifurcated from the Regiment of Artillery on 10 January 1994. The post is generally held by a [[three-star general]]. It was first held by Lieutenant General PK Pahwa. The present DG is Lieutenant General AP Singh, AVSM, who assumed the office on 3 December 2019. Individual AAD Brigades, Regiments and Battalions come under operational command and control of the Army Corps, Divisions and Brigades that they are a part of.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ List of Previous Directors General of Corps of Army Air Defence<ref name="Director General – Photo Gallery Army Official">{{cite web|title=Director General – Photo Gallery|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmPhotoGalleryWithMenuWithTitle.aspx?MnId=gi0Uw4kcSIaT4fp7ZEMikg==&ParentID=LO8UBEhUBYb+EXkJwRWfgg==|website=Indian Army|publisher=Government of India|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref>
! S.No!! Rank !!Name !! Appointment date!! Left office
|-
|1|| [[Lieutenant general|Lt Gen]] ||PK Pahwa, [[PVSM]]|| 10 January 1994 || 31 October 1996
|-
|2|| Lt Gen || A Mukherjee, PVSM, [[AVSM]]|| 1 November 1996 ||31 January 2001
|-
|3|| Lt Gen || Naresh Chand, PVSM || 10 February 2001 ||31 Aug 2003
|-
|4 || Lt Gen || CS Chima, PVSM || 1 September 2003 ||31 December 2005
|-
|5 || Lt Gen || KS Dogra, PVSM, AVSM**, [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]] || 1 January 2006 ||30 November 2008
|-
|6|| Lt Gen || Ram Pratap, PVSM, AVSM, VSM || 1 December 2008 ||30 June 2011
|-
|7 || Lt Gen || Kuldip Singh, PVSM, AVSM || 1 July 2011 ||30 June 2013
|-
|8 || Lt Gen ||(Dr) VK Saxena, PVSM, AVSM, VSM
| 1 July 2013<ref name="Lt Gen V K Saxena takes over as DGAAD-IS">{{cite web|title=Lt Gen V K Saxena takes over as Director General of Army Air Defence|url=http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories2057_Lt_Gen_VK_Saxena_DG_Army_Air_Defence.htm|website=India Strategic|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref>
|31 May 2015
|-
|9 || Lt Gen || Rajiv Bhatia, AVSM || 1 June 2015 ||31 December 2016
|-
|10 ||Lt Gen || AK Sahgal, AVSM, VSM || 1 January 2017 ||31 December 2017
|-
|11 || Lt Gen || PS Jaggi, AVSM || 1 January 2018 || 8 April 2018
|-
|12 || Lt Gen || AP Singh, AVSM || 11 May 2018 || 23 January 2019
|-
|13 || Lt Gen || Satinder Singh, AVSM || 24 January 2019 || Incumbent
|}
==President’s Colours==
[[File:President of India Awards Colours to Corps of Army Air Defence.jpg|thumb|right|305x305px|President of India, Mr Ram Nath Kovind awards 'Colours' to Corps of Army Air Defence]]
The President of India Mr [[Ram Nath Kovind]] awarded the President’s Colours to the Corps of Army Air Defence at [[Gopalpur, Odisha|Gopalpur]] Military Station on 28 September 2019 on completion of 25 years as an independent arm.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive2/AdvSearch.aspx|title=President of India Awards Colours to Corps of Army Air Defence|date=2019-09-28|access-date=2021-02-22}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Indian National Defence University]]
* [[Military academies in India|Military Academies in India]]
* [[Sainik school]]

== References ==
{{more citations needed|date=June 2016}}
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}


{{Indian Army arms and services}}

[[Category:Administrative corps of the Indian Army]]
[[Category:Air defence units and formations]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1939]]

Corps of Army Air Defence - Revision history

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Khan786: Created page with " {{Infobox military unit | unit_name =Corps of Army Air Defence | image =Regimental Crest-Corps o..."