Community Development Block - Revision history

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-{{short description|Rural area earmarked for administration and development in India}}
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-In [[India]], a '''community development block''' (CD block) is a [[rural area]] administratively earmarked for planning and development.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Maheshwari|first=Shriram|title=Rural Development and Bureaucracy in India|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.276037|journal=The Indian Journal of Public Administration|volume= XXX| issue =  3|pages=1093–1100}}</ref> The area is administered by a [[Block (country subdivision)#Block Development Officer|Block Development Officer]], supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i4bV4cKpPlIC|title=Development and Democracy in India|last=Sharma|first=Shailendra D.|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.|year=1999|isbn=9781555878108|location=Boulder, Colorado}}</ref> A community development block covers several [[gram panchayat]]s, the local administrative units at the village level.
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-Only in the state of West Bengal are CD blocks considered the third level administrative units (equal to [[tehsil]]s in [[North India]]. Elsewhere, tehsils are also called '''Talukas''' in the [[Western India|Western Indian]] states of [[Goa]], [[Gujarat]], [[Maharashtra]] and [[South India|South Indian]] states of [[Karnataka]], [[Kerala]], and [[Tamil Nadu]]. In [[Arunachal Pradesh]] and [[Nagaland]], the term '''Circles''' are used, while '''Subdivisions''' are present in the [[East India|Eastern Indian]] states of [[List of subdivisions of Bihar|Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]], [[List of subdivisions of Assam|Assam]], and most of [[Northeast India]] ([[Manipur]], [[Meghalaya]], [[Mizoram]], [[Sikkim]] and [[Tripura]]). In [[List of mandals of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh]] and [[List of mandals of Telangana|Telangana]], a newer form of administrative unit called '''Mandals''' have replaced the Tehsil.
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{{short description|Rural area earmarked for administration and development in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
[[File:Administrative structure of India.svg|{{largethumb}}|Administrative structure of India]]

In [[India]], a '''community development block''' (CD block) is a [[rural area]] administratively earmarked for planning and development.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Maheshwari|first=Shriram|title=Rural Development and Bureaucracy in India|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.276037|journal=The Indian Journal of Public Administration|volume= XXX| issue = 3|pages=1093–1100}}</ref> The area is administered by a [[Block (country subdivision)#Block Development Officer|Block Development Officer]], supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i4bV4cKpPlIC|title=Development and Democracy in India|last=Sharma|first=Shailendra D.|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.|year=1999|isbn=9781555878108|location=Boulder, Colorado}}</ref> A community development block covers several [[gram panchayat]]s, the local administrative units at the village level.

Only in the state of West Bengal are CD blocks considered the third level administrative units (equal to [[tehsil]]s in [[North India]]. Elsewhere, tehsils are also called '''Talukas''' in the [[Western India|Western Indian]] states of [[Goa]], [[Gujarat]], [[Maharashtra]] and [[South India|South Indian]] states of [[Karnataka]], [[Kerala]], and [[Tamil Nadu]]. In [[Arunachal Pradesh]] and [[Nagaland]], the term '''Circles''' are used, while '''Subdivisions''' are present in the [[East India|Eastern Indian]] states of [[List of subdivisions of Bihar|Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]], [[List of subdivisions of Assam|Assam]], and most of [[Northeast India]] ([[Manipur]], [[Meghalaya]], [[Mizoram]], [[Sikkim]] and [[Tripura]]). In [[List of mandals of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh]] and [[List of mandals of Telangana|Telangana]], a newer form of administrative unit called '''Mandals''' have replaced the Tehsil.

==History==
The concept of the community development block was first suggested by Grow More Food (GMF) Enquiry Committee in 1952 to address the challenge of multiple rural development agencies working without a sense of common objectives.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/12653|title=Report of The Grow More Food Enquiry Committee|publisher=Government of India Ministry of Food and Agriculture|year=1952}}</ref> Based on the committee's recommendations, the community development programme was launched on a pilot basis in 1952 to provide for a substantial increase in the country's [[agricultural science|agricultural programme]], and for improvements in systems of communication, in rural health and hygiene, and in [[rural development|rural]] education and also to initiate and direct a process of integrated culture change aimed at transforming the social and economic life of villagers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/1st/welcome.html|title=First Five Year Plan|website=Planning Commission|access-date=10 September 2018}}</ref> The community development programme was rapidly implemented. In 1956, by the end of the [[Five-Year plans of India#First Five-Year Plan, 1951–1956|first five-year plan period]], there were 248 blocks, covering around a fifth of the population in the country. By the end the [[Five-Year plans of India#Second Five-Year Plan, 1956–1961|second five-year plan period]], there were 3,000 blocks covering 70 per cent of the rural population. By 1964, the entire country was covered.<ref>{{cite web|url =http://cdj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pdf_extract/11/2/95 |title = The Failure of the Community Development Programme in India |access-date = 2010-04-06 }}</ref>

==Blocks statewise==


{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! State
! CD Block
! Number of <br/> CD Blocks
|-
| [[Bihar]] || CD Block || 534
|-
| [[Haryana]] || CD Block || 140
|-
| [[Jharkhand]] || CD Block || 263<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jharkhandibaba.com/names-of-blocks-of-jharkhand/|title=Names of Blocks of Jharkhand|date=2017-10-21|work=Jharkhandi Baba|access-date=2017-10-21|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021220644/http://jharkhandibaba.com/names-of-blocks-of-jharkhand/|archive-date=21 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| [[Kerala]] || CD Block || 152<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rdd.kerala.gov.in/index.php/2016-07-19-10-37-23/block-panchayaths|title=Block Panchayaths / Block Development Offices in Kerala|website=Commissionerate of Rural Development, Kerala|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref>
|-
| [[Odisha]] || CD Block || 314
|-
| [[Tripura]] || CD Block || 58
|-
| [[Uttarakhand]] || [[List of community development blocks of Uttarakhand|CD Block]] || 95
|-
| [[Uttar Pradesh]] || CD Block || 822<ref>{{cite web|title=Social Demography of Uttar Pradesh |url=http://up.gov.in/upecon.aspx|website=Government of Uttar Pradesh official portal|access-date=22 August 2020}}</ref>
|-
| [[West Bengal]] || [[List of community development blocks of West Bengal|CD Block]] || 342<ref>{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/maps/atlas/19part1.pdf|title=Census 2011, West Bengal|website=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=20 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/intro.aspx|title=Rural development in West Bengal|website=Department of Panchayat & Rural Development, Government of West Bengal homepage|access-date=19 September 2019}}</ref>
|-
|}

==See also==
* [[Administrative divisions of India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Articles on third-level administrative divisions of countries}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in India| ]]
[[Category:Community development blocks in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Economic planning in India]]

{{India-gov-stub}}