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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|A system of library classification developed by S. R. Ranganathan}}<br />
'''Colon classification''' ('''CC''') is a system of [[library classification]] developed by [[S. R. Ranganathan]]. It was the first ever {{citation needed|date=September 2020 |reason=UDC preceded by 30+ years}} [[Faceted classification|faceted]] (or analytico-synthetic) [[Taxonomic classification|classification]]. The first edition was published in 1928. Since then, six more editions have been published. It is especially used in [[library|libraries]] in [[India]].<br />
<br />
Its name "colon classification" comes from the use of [[Colon (punctuation)|colons]] to separate facets in class numbers. However, many other classification schemes, some of which are completely unrelated, also use colons and other [[punctuation]] in various functions.<br />
<br />
In CC, facets describe "personality" (the most specific subject), matter, energy, space, and time (PMEST). These facets are generally associated with every item in a library, and so form a reasonably universal sorting system.<ref>GOPINATH (M A). Colon classification: Its theory and practice.<br />
Library Herald<br />
.<br />
26, 1<br />
-<br />
2; 1987; 1<br />
-<br />
3.</ref><br />
<br />
As an example, the subject "research in the cure of tuberculosis of lungs by x-ray conducted in India in 1950" would be categorized as:<br />
<br />
:Medicine,Lungs;Tuberculosis:Treatment;X-ray:Research.India'1950<br />
<br />
This is summarized in a specific call number:<br />
<br />
:L,45;421:6;253:f.44'N5<br />
<br />
== Organization ==<br />
<br />
The colon classification uses 42 main classes that are combined with other letters, numbers and marks in a manner resembling the [[Library of Congress Classification]] to sort a publication.<br />
<br />
=== Facets ===<br />
<br />
CC uses five primary categories, or facets, to further specify the sorting of a publication. Collectively, they are called ''PMEST'':<br />
<br />
:<nowiki>,</nowiki> Personality, the most specific or focal subject.<br />
:<nowiki>;</nowiki> Matter or property, the substance, properties or materials of the subject.<br />
:<nowiki>:</nowiki> Energy, including the processes, operations and activities.<br />
:<nowiki>.</nowiki> Space, which relates to the geographic location of the subject.<br />
:<nowiki>'</nowiki> Time, which refers to the dates or seasons of the subject.<br />
<br />
=== Classes ===<br />
<br />
The following are the main classes of CC, with some subclasses, the main method used to sort the subclass using the PMEST scheme and examples showing application of PMEST.<br />
<br />
:z [[Generalia]]<br />
:1 [[Universe of Knowledge]]<br />
:2 [[Library Science]]<br />
:3 [[Book science]]<br />
:4 [[Journalism]]<br />
:A [[Natural science]]<br />
:B [[Mathematics]]<br />
::B2 [[Algebra]]<br />
:C [[Physics]]<br />
:D [[Engineering]]<br />
:E [[Chemistry]]<br />
:F [[Technology]]<br />
:G [[Biology]]<br />
:H [[Geology]]<br />
::HX [[Mining]]<br />
:I [[Botany]]<br />
:J [[Agriculture]]<br />
::J1 [[Horticulture]]<br />
::J2 [[Animal feed|Feed]]<br />
::J3 [[Food]]<br />
::J4 [[Stimulant]]<br />
::J5 [[Oil]]<br />
::J6 [[Drug]]<br />
::J7 [[Fabric]]<br />
::J8 [[Dye]]<br />
:K [[Zoology]] <br />
::KZ [[Animal Husbandry]] <br />
:L [[Medicine]]<br />
::LZ3 [[Pharmacology]]<br />
::LZ5 [[Pharmacopoeia]]<br />
:M [[Useful arts]]<br />
::M7 Textiles ''[material]:[work]''<br />
:Δ Spiritual experience and [[mysticism]] ''[religion],[entity]:[problem]''<br />
:N [[Fine arts]]<br />
::ND Sculpture<br />
::NN Engraving<br />
::NQ Painting<br />
::NR Music<br />
:O Literature<br />
:P Linguistics<br />
:Q [[Religion]]<br />
:R [[Philosophy]]<br />
:S [[Psychology]]<br />
:T [[Education]]<br />
:U [[Geography]]<br />
:V [[History]]<br />
:W [[Political science]]<br />
:X [[Economics]]<br />
:Y [[Sociology]]<br />
::YZ [[Social Work]]<br />
:Z [[Law]]<br />
<br />
== Example ==<br />
<br />
A common example of the colon classification is:<br />
<br />
* "Research in the cure of the tuberculosis of lungs by x-ray conducted in India in 1950s":<br />
* Main classification is Medicine<br />
** (Medicine)<br />
* Within Medicine, the Lungs are the main concern<br />
** (Medicine,Lungs)<br />
* The property of the Lungs is that they are afflicted with Tuberculosis<br />
** (Medicine,Lungs;Tuberculosis)<br />
* The Tuberculosis is being performed (:) on, that is the intent is to cure (Treatment)<br />
** (Medicine,Lungs;Tuberculosis:Treatment)<br />
* The matter that we are treating the Tuberculosis with are X-Rays<br />
** (Medicine,Lungs;Tuberculosis:Treatment;X-ray)<br />
* And this discussion of treatment is regarding the Research phase<br />
** (Medicine,Lungs;Tuberculosis:Treatment;X-ray:Research)<br />
* This Research is performed within a geographical space (.) namely India<br />
** (Medicine,Lungs;Tuberculosis:Treatment;X-ray:Research.India)<br />
* During the time (') of 1950<br />
** (Medicine,Lungs;Tuberculosis:Treatment;X-ray:Research.India'1950)<br />
* And translating into the codes listed for each subject and facet the classification becomes<br />
** L,45;421:6;253:f.44'N5<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Bliss bibliographic classification]]<br />
*[[Faceted classification]]<br />
*[[Subject (documents)]]<br />
*[[Universal Decimal Classification]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
* [http://www.essessreference.com/servlet/esGetBiblio?bno=000374 ''Colon Classification'' (6th Edition)] by Dr. S.R. Ranganathan, published by Ess Ess Publications, Delhi, India<br />
* Chan, Lois Mai. ''Cataloging and Classification: An Introduction''. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, c1994. {{ISBN|0-07-010506-5}}.<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [https://www.isko.org/cyclo/colon_classification Article in ISKO Encyclopedia of Knowledge Organization]<br />
* [http://www.iskoi.org/doc/colon.htm More Detail about the Colon Classification at ISKO Italia]<br />
*[http://www.isko.org/cyclo/colon_classification#2 A brief history of the editions of Colon Classification]<br />
<br />
{{Library classification systems}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Knowledge representation]]<br />
[[Category:Library cataloging and classification]]</div>>Tom.Reding