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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Conical pipe used to smoke marijuana}}<br />
{{other uses}}<br />
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[[Image:Manu chillum italian chillum chapora goa.jpg|thumb|right|An Italian-made chillum]]<br />
[[File:Chillam.JPG|thumb|Traditional earthen chillum displayed for sale at Chawk Bazaar [[Jorhat]], [[Assam]]]]<br />
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A '''chillum''', or '''chilam''', or '''sulpa''' is a straight conical [[smoking pipe]] traditionally made of either clay or a soft stone (such as [[Soapstone|steatite]] or [[catlinite]]). It is used popularly in [[Nepal]] and [[India]] to smoke [[marijuana]].<ref>[http://www.trocadero.com/paha/items/495809/item495809store.html A bidri chillum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305055757/http://www.trocadero.com/paha/items/495809/item495809store.html |date=2016-03-05 }},</ref><ref>Dolf Hartsuiker. John van Zijl of Plumstead, South Africa was the first person to smoke from a marble chillum. [http://www.adolphus.nl/sadhus/stories/holysmoke.html Holy Smoke] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011184141/http://adolphus.nl/sadhus/stories/holysmoke.html |date=2007-10-11 }} ince last 5000 years by ''Sadhus, Nagas and Yogis of India''</ref> A small stone is often used as a stopper in the stem. The style of pipe spread to Africa, and has been known in the Americas since the 1960s. A chillum pipe is used in [[Rastafari]] rituals.<br />
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==History==<br />
According to [[Alfred Dunhill]], Africans have long employed chillum-style pipes for smoking [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] and later tobacco. Gourds and various horns were often employed while conical bowls were common in [[Uganda]]. One of the more famous pipes is an ivory cone pipe once belonging to [[Buganda]] monarch [[Muteesa I of Buganda|King Mtesa]].<ref name="dunhill">{{cite book|last1=Dunhill|first1=Alfred|title=The Pipe Book|date=1924|publisher=A. & C. Black|location=London}}</ref><br />
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More recently, it has also seen use in sacraments by [[Rastafari movement|Rastafari]].<ref>[http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20020224/arts/arts1.html Spotlight on Rastafarian sects] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214125910/http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20020224/arts/arts1.html |date=2008-02-14 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20030427/ent/ent3.html 'Rasta in Transition' launched at Livity Restaurant ] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114102815/http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20030427/ent/ent3.html |date=2009-01-14 }}</ref><br />
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==Rastafari ceremony==<br />
In [[Rastafarian]] meetings called "reasoning sessions" and during [[Grounation Day]] celebrations, a chillum is used. It is made of a cow's horn or conical wood piece, fitted with a long drawtube giving the smoke time to cool before inhalation. A [[bong]]-like chillum equipped with a water filtration chamber is sometimes referred to as a [[Chalice (pipe)|chalice]]. Rastafaris offer thanks and praises to God (referred to as [[Jah]] in Rastafari) before [[cannabis smoking|smoking]] the chillum.<ref>[http://www.erowid.org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_spirit1.shtml The Rastafarians by Leonard E. Barrett 1988]</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[Spiritual use of cannabis]]<br />
* [[Smoking pipe (non-tobacco)]]<br />
* [[Hookah]]<br />
* [[Bong]]<br />
* [[One-hitter (smoking)]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
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{{Wiktionary|चिलम}}<br />
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{{Cannabis resources}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Chillum (Pipe)}}<br />
[[Category:Culture of India]]<br />
[[Category:Cannabis smoking]]<br />
[[Category:Cannabis in India]]<br />
[[Category:Cannabis and religion]]<br />
[[Category:Drug paraphernalia]]<br />
[[Category:Pipe smoking]]<br />
[[Category:Tobacco in India]]<br />
[[Category:Desi culture]]</div>DianaX6283