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2021-06-29T20:51:57Z

Removed 'a(n)' from the beginning of the short description per WP:SDFORMAT, from a request at Wikipedia:Reward board. (via WP:JWB)

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{{short description|Indian royal title}}
{{about|the imperial title of Chhatrapati|the Telugu film|Chhatrapati (2005 film)}}
'''Chhatrapati''' is a royal title from the [[Indian subcontinent]] that was mainly used by the [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]]. It is often taken to be the equivalent of [[emperor]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2021|reason=Your explanation here}} The word ‘Chhatrapati’ is a [[Sanskrit]] language compound word ([[tatpurusha]] in [[Sanskrit]]) of ''[[Chatra (umbrella)|chhatra]]'' (''parasol'' or ''umbrella'') and ''pati'' (''master/lord/ruler'')<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Fairey|first1=Jack|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IlFuDwAAQBAJ&q=Chhatrapati+%22parasol%22+Maratha&pg=PA160|title=Empire in Asia: A New Global History: From Chinggisid to Qing|last2=Farrell|first2=Brian P.|date=2018-06-28|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-4725-9123-4|language=en}}</ref> which is considered as a symbolic representation of the protector of people. The [[parasol]] was considered a symbol of absolute, or even universal, sovereignty and consecrated kingship, and has been used by monarchies outside of the Indian subcontinent, as well.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}} The title indicates a person who is a sovereign ruler over other [[Prince|princes]], and not a [[vassal]]. In contrast, the [[India]]n titles of ''[[Maharaja]]'' or ''[[Raja]]'', ''[[Yuvraj]]'', ''Rajkumar'' or ''[[Kumar]]'', and ''[[Senapati]]'', reflect a range of [[Europe]]an equivalent meanings, from [[King]], [[Crown Prince]], and [[Prince]], to [[Duke]], [[Count]], or [[Lord]]. [[Shivaji]] adopted 'Chhatrapati' since other titles were bestowed by other lieges and [[paramount ruler]]s, like the [[Adil Shahi dynasty|Adilshahis]] or [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]].{{citation needed|date=February 2021}}

==House of Bhosle==
[[File:Shivaji's equestrian statue at Pune.jpg|thumb|250px|Shivaji's equestrian statue at [[Pune]].]]
The following list provides details the Chhatrapati of the [[Bhosle|House of Bhosle]]. The title "Chhatrapati" was created by [[Shivaji]] upon his coronation which means a protector than merely using the term "Raja" or "Maharaja" meaning just a "king", and this was held by his immediate successors, namely [[Sambhaji]], [[Rajaram I|Rajaram]], and [[Chhatrapati Shahu|Shahu]].{{cn|date=February 2021}} The term is a symbolic representation of what he meant to the Maratha Empire as he protected them from outside forces of Mughals and British. After the death of [[Chhatrapati Shahu]], however, the increasing power of the [[Maratha Peshwa and Generals from Bhat Family|Peshwa]]s and later Maratha generals reduced his successors to a nominal position. The rulers of [[Satara State|Satara]] were generally considered the inheritors of the title, although the [[Kolhapur State|Rajas of Kohlapur]] did have a claim by descent, as their position began as a subsidiary title of [[Shivaji II]] due to location of his court. His mother, the Regent [[Tarabai]], established a rival regime in [[Kolhapur]], challenging the power of [[Chattrapati Shahu|Shahu]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Textbook of medieval Indian history.|last=Sailendra.|first=Sen|date=2013-01-01|publisher=Primus Books|isbn=9789380607344|oclc=822894456}}</ref>

{| style="width:100%;" class="wikitable"
! style="width:8%;"| Portrait
! style="width:12%;"| Chhatrapati
! style="width:9%;"| Birth
! style="width:20%;"| Reign
! style="width:13%;"| Death
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[File:Shivaji British Museum.jpg|80px]]
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Shivaji]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|c.19 February 1630<ref>{{cite book | editor=Indu Ramchandani | title=Student's Britannica: India (Set of 7 Vols.) 39 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPP7O3nb3g0C&pg=PA8 | year=2000 | publisher=Popular Prakashan | isbn=978-0-85229-760-5 | page=8 }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|1674 - 1680
| style="text-align:center;"|3 April 1680
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[File:Maharaja Sambhajiraje, late 17th century.png|80px]]
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Sambhaji]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|14 May 1657
| style="text-align:center;"|20 July 1680 - 11 March 1689
| style="text-align:center;"|11 March 1689
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[File:Chhatrapati Rajaram.jpg|80px]]
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Rajaram I]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|24 February 1670
| style="text-align:center;"|1689 – 1700
| style="text-align:center;"|3 March 1700
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Shivaji II]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|9 June 1696
| style="text-align:center;"|1700 – 1708
| style="text-align:center;"|14 March 1726
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[File:Copy of Shahu (3).jpg|80px]]
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Shahu I]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|18 May 1682
| style="text-align:center;"|1708 – 1748
| style="text-align:center;"|15 December 1749
|-
|}

===Chhatrapatis of Satara===
The following is the list of the Chhatrapatis of [[Satara State|Satara]].<ref name="a">Maheshwari, K.K. & K.W. Wiggins (1989). ''Maratha Mints and Coinage'', Nashik: Indian Institute of Research in Numismatic Studies, pp.205–6</ref> After 1848 they became pensioners of the [[East India Company]].
#[[Chhatrapati Shahu|Shahu]] (1708–1748)
#[[Rajaram II of Satara]] (1749–1777) - Grandson of [[Rajaram I]] and his wife, [[Tarabai]].
#[[Shahu II of Satara]] (1777–1808)
#[[Raja Pratap Singh, Raja of Satara|Pratapsingh]] (1808–1839)
#[[Raja Shahaji of Satara|Shahaji of Satara]] (1839–1848)
#[[Pratapsinh]] Raje (1865-1874)
#Rajaram III (1874-1904)
#Pratapsinh Raje-II (1914-1925)
#Shahu III of Satara (1925-1960)
#Pratapsinhraje (1960-1971)

===Rajas of Kolhapur===
[[File:Genealogy of Kolhapur Maharajas.jpg|thumb|Genealogy of Kolhapur Chhatrapatis]]
The following is the list of the claimants from [[Kolhapur State|Kolhapur]]:<ref name="a"/>
#[[Tarabai]] as a regent of Shivaji II (1700–1708)
#[[Shivaji II]] (1700–1712) - son of [[Rajaram I]] and his senior wife, Tarabai.
#[[Sambhaji II]] (1712–1760) - son of [[Rajaram I]] and his junior wife, Rajasbai.
#[[Shivaji III]] (1760–1812)
#[[Sambhaji III]] (1812–1821)
#[[Shivaji IV]] (1821-1822)
#[[Shahaji of Kolhapur|Shahaji I]] (1822–1838)
#[[Shivaji V]] (1838–1866)
#[[Rajaram II of Satara|Rajaram II]] (1866–1870)
#[[Shivaji VI]] (1871–1883)
#[[Shahu of Kolhapur|Shahu I]], also known as Rajarshi Shahu (1874–1922) (adopted from the ruling Ghatge family of [[Kagal]])
#[[Rajaram III]] (1922–1940)
#[[Shivaji VII]] (1941–1946)
#[[Shahaji II]] (1947-1949)

==See also==
* [[Maratha]]
* [[Maratha titles]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{note|1}} V.S. Kadam, 1993. ''Maratha Confederacy: A Study in its Origin and Development''. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, New Delhi.
* D.B. Kasar, ''Rigveda to Rajgarh – Making of Shivaji the Great''. Manudevi Prakashan, Mumbai.

{{MarathaEmpire}}

[[Category:Titles in India]]
[[Category:Titles of national or ethnic leadership]]
[[Category:Maratha Empire]]
[[Category:Hindu dynasties]]
[[Category:Men's social titles]]
[[Category:Royal titles]]

Chhatrapati - Revision history

RefugiaLoveless: add section also and corrected details for clarity

>Qwerfjkl: Removed 'a(n)' from the beginning of the short description per WP:SDFORMAT, from a request at Wikipedia:Reward board. (via WP:JWB)