Chengam - Revision history

>Venkat TL: Copy edit

2021-10-09T11:27:49Z

Copy edit

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:57, 9 October 2021
Line 55:		Line 55:

	== History ==		== History ==
			{{Unreferenced-section\|date=September 2020}}
	The book Malaipadukadam in the Sangakkala literature mentions that Nannansei Nannan was a short-lived king who ruled from the Palkunrakottam hill with his capital as his capital. Many rare historical sources such as inscriptions and archeological finds have been found to prove this. Researchers also say that Nannan-ruled Navira Hill now refers to the Savvadu Hills and some to the mountains near the sea.		The book Malaipadukadam in the Sangakkala literature mentions that Nannansei Nannan was a short-lived king who ruled from the Palkunrakottam hill with his capital as his capital. Many rare historical sources such as inscriptions and archeological finds have been found to prove this. Researchers also say that Nannan-ruled Navira Hill now refers to the Savvadu Hills and some to the mountains near the sea.

			Initially Chengam was an assembly constituency (SC) of [[Tiruppattur (Lok Sabha constituency)]]. In 2009 it became a part of the [[Tiruvannamalai (Lok Sabha constituency)\|Tiruvannamalai Lok Sabha constituency]].

	== Geography ==		== Geography ==
Line 61:		Line 64:

	== Demographics ==		== Demographics ==
	Chengam is a municipality in [[Tiruvannamalai district]]. {{As of \|2011}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999\|archivedate=2004-06-16\|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)\|accessdate=2008-11-01\|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Chengam had a population of 54,278 and an average literacy rate of 79.3%. Child population below 6 was 2,210 males and 2,479 females.		{{bar box\|title=Linguistic census\|titlebar=#ddd\|left1=Linguistic groups\|right1=Percent(%)\|float=left\|bars={{bar percent\|[[Tamil language\|Tamil]]\|Red\|87.64}}{{bar percent\|[[Urdu]]\|Green\|7.79}}{{bar percent\|[[Telugu language\|Telugu]]\|Purple\|4.01}}{{bar percent\|[[Creole language\|Creole]]\|Blue\|0.4}}{{bar percent\|[[Malay language\|Malay]]\|grey\|0.13}}{{bar percent\|Other\|violet\|0.01}}}}

	{{bar box\|title=Linguistic census\|titlebar=#ddd\|left1=Linguistic groups\|right1=Percent(%)\|float=left\|bars={{bar percent\|[[Tamil language\|Tamil]]\|Red\|87.64}}{{bar percent\|[[Urdu]]\|Green\|7.79}}{{bar percent\|[[Telugu language\|Telugu]]\|Purple\|4.01}}{{bar percent\|[[Creole language\|Creole]]\|Blue\|0.4}}{{bar percent\|[[Malay language\|Malay]]\|grey\|0.13}}{{bar percent\|Other\|violet\|0.01}}}} Chengam has 142,845 people employed; 84,623 are male and 58,222 are female with an employment ratio of 50%. Chengam is 5th in Tiruvannamalai district and ranked 69th in Tamil Nadu. The literacy ratio is 68% with 170,277 total literate people. In terms of literacy, Chengam is ranked 6th in Tiruvannamalai district and 230th in Tamil Nadu.
	{{Historical populations		{{Historical populations
	\|align = right		\|align = right
Line 80:		Line 81:
	* 1951 – 2001<ref>{{cite web\|title=Population Details\|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/thiruvannamalai/sal_population.htm\|publisher=Tiruvannamalai municipality\|year=2011\|accessdate=2012-12-29\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227113738/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/thiruvannamalai/sal_population.htm\|archivedate=2014-02-27}}</ref>		* 1951 – 2001<ref>{{cite web\|title=Population Details\|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/thiruvannamalai/sal_population.htm\|publisher=Tiruvannamalai municipality\|year=2011\|accessdate=2012-12-29\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227113738/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/thiruvannamalai/sal_population.htm\|archivedate=2014-02-27}}</ref>
	* 2011<ref name=2011census>{{cite web\|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Salem(05740)\|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=684822\|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India\|year=2013\|accessdate=26 January 2014}}</ref>		* 2011<ref name=2011census>{{cite web\|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Salem(05740)\|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=684822\|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India\|year=2013\|accessdate=26 January 2014}}</ref>
	}}		}}
	{{~~Clear~~}}		Chengam is a municipality in [[Tiruvannamalai district]]. {{As of \|2011}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999\|archivedate=2004-06-16\|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)\|accessdate=2008-11-01\|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Chengam had a population of 54,278 and an average literacy rate of 79.3%. Child population below 6 was 2,210 males and 2,479 females.
			Chengam has 142,845 people employed; 84,623 are male and 58,222 are female with an employment ratio of 50%. Chengam is 5th in Tiruvannamalai district and ranked 69th in Tamil Nadu. The literacy ratio is 68% with 170,277 total literate people. In terms of literacy, Chengam is ranked 6th in Tiruvannamalai district and 230th in Tamil Nadu.

			==Politics==
			It is a part of the [[Tiruvannamalai (Lok Sabha constituency)]] since 2009.

	==Culture==		==Culture==
	{{Unreferenced-section\|date=September 2020}}		{{Unreferenced-section\|date=September 2020}}
	[[File:Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple.jpg\|thumb\|Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival annually in May in makakaruta waxing service with great karutacevai kotierrat festival will be held in 10 days ~~(the temple is more than 700 years old)~~]]		[[File:Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple.jpg\|thumb\|Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival annually in May in makakaruta waxing service with great karutacevai kotierrat festival will be held in 10 days]]

	[[File:Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival annually 10days in May.jpg\|thumb\|]]		[[File:Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival annually 10days in May.jpg\|thumb\|]]

	Chengam Sri VenuGopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple is more than 700 years old. Its architecture and layout is a model for [[Annamalaiyar Temple]].		Chengam Sri VenuGopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple is more than 700 years old.{{Citation needed\|date=October 2021}} Its architecture and layout is a model for [[Annamalaiyar Temple]]. For this festival the temple is decorated with colored lights, fireworks, naiyantimelam, karakattam (dance). Preparations are made for the show by the festival committee and sponsors.

	~~Chengam Sri VenuGopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival is held annually in May in makakaruta waxing service with great karutacevai kotierrat festival over 10 days~~

	*The 1st day of the festival is held on behalf of the community on the occasion of overriding Alapputtur Naidu's kotierramum tiruviti browsing Swami held at Anna's vehicle.
	*The 2nd day in the morning is a ceremony held on behalf Nadars curiyapiraiyilum vatunal rice, Swami tiruvitiula vehicle is lion night.
	*The 3rd day Chengam tirukalyanam on behalf of Yadavas, night anumantavakana browsing.
	*The 4th day Chengam nakavakana night stroll on the city's behalf poyaccettiyarkal.
	*The 5th day makakaruta service Chengam Round Tower held on behalf of Vanniyar Darshan program,
	*The 6th day morning on behalf of Yadavas putupettai festival, Hindu merchants night, on behalf of the Arya Vaishya community elephant procession takes place in the vehicle.
	*The 7th day Chengam tertiruvila on behalf of pantarettiyarkal takes place in the morning.
	*The 8th day and night on behalf of the horse vehicle Kammavar Naidu,
	*The 9th day Chengam kavarainayutukal night on behalf of Lord Indra plane going tiruvitiula.
	*The 10th day of the festival is celebrated by revenue department, forest department, and in the morning on behalf Devasthanam Ceyyarrankarai unloading program of the evening is held at the Swami theerthavari.

	For this festival the temple is decorated with colored lights, fireworks, naiyantimelam, karakattam (dance)~~, is beckoning~~. Preparations are made for the show by the festival committee and sponsors.

	==Roadways==		==Roadways==
Line 111:		Line 101:

	Local town buses ply to [[Sathanur Dam]], Kadaladi, Kanchi, Polur, Pudupalayam, Singarapettai, Neepathurai, Mel ravanthavadi, Thaazhaiyoothu, Thandarampattu, Pachal and many other villages.		Local town buses ply to [[Sathanur Dam]], Kadaladi, Kanchi, Polur, Pudupalayam, Singarapettai, Neepathurai, Mel ravanthavadi, Thaazhaiyoothu, Thandarampattu, Pachal and many other villages.

	~~== Politics ==~~
	~~{{Unreferenced-section\|date=September 2020}}~~
	~~Initially Chengam was an assembly constituency (SC) of [[Tiruppattur (Lok Sabha constituency)]]. In 2009 it changed to [[Tiruvannamalai]] Lok Sabha constituency.~~

	~~==Places of interest==~~
	* [[Sathanur Dam]] (20 km)
	* [[Thiruvannamalai temple]] (30 km)
	* [[Kuppanatham Dam]] (15 km)
	* [[Theerthamalai]] (30 km via Mel Ravanthavadi, Neepathurai)
	* [[Gingee Fort]] (60 km via Thiruvannamalai)
	* [[Kalpair Vallalar temple]] (28 km)
	* [[Jawadhu Hills Falls]] (10 km)
	* [[Sri Pachaiyamman Temple]] (2 km)
	* [[Sri Chenniamman Temple]] (25 km)
	* [[Sri Pudhur Mariyamman Temple]] (10 km)
	* [[Venugopala Parthasarathy temple]]

	== References ==		== References ==

imported>WikiCleanerBot: v2.04b - Bot T20 CW#61 - Fix errors for CW project (Reference before punctuation)

2021-08-08T21:27:08Z

v2.04b - Bot T20 CW#61 - Fix errors for CW project (Reference before punctuation)

New page

{{Short description|Town and a Taluk headquarter in Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chengam
| native_name = sezhunganiyur
| native_name_lang = Tamil
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Selection Grade Town panchayat
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Tamil Nadu
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu, India
| coordinates = {{coord|12.3|N|78.8|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tiruvannamalai district|Tiruvannamalai]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 272
| population_total = 54278
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 606 701
| registration_plate = TN 25
| website = www.chengam.in
| official_name =
}}
'''Chengam''' or ''Chengamma''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Imperial Gazetter of India|volume=21|pages=396}}</ref> as on British records, is an important market town and a taluk headquarter<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tahsildar Chengam {{!}} Tiruvannamalai District, Govt. of Tamil Nadu {{!}} India|url=https://tiruvannamalai.nic.in/directory/tahsildar-chengam/|access-date=2021-08-04|language=en-US}}</ref> in the Foot hills of Eastern ghats<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jawadhu Hills {{!}} Tiruvannamalai District, Govt. of Tamil Nadu {{!}} India|url=https://tiruvannamalai.nic.in/tourist-place/jawadhu-hills/|access-date=2021-08-04|language=en-US}}</ref> in [[Tiruvanamalai district|Tiruvannamalai district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. Chengam is the gateway to the Chengam pass<ref>{{Cite book|title=Imperial Gazetter of India|volume=5|pages=420}}</ref> in the Eastern ghats between Javvadhu hills to the north and Chennakesava hills to the south. The town is also the center for various industrial activities which includes Sathanur dam hydro-electric project,<ref>{{Cite web|title=TamilNadu Generation and distribution corporation limited|url=https://www.tangedco.gov.in/linkpdf/Data%20card%20dt%2030-05-17%20.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Aavin milk processing plant<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tiruvannamalai PP - Tamilnadu Co-operative Milk Producers’ Federation Limited (TCMPF)|url=https://aavinmilk.com/tiruvannamalai-pp|access-date=2021-08-04|website=aavinmilk.com}}</ref> and Periya Kolappadi SIDCO estate.<ref>{{Cite web|title=அதிகரிக்கும் முதலீடு... பெருகும் தொழில்வளம்..!|url=https://www.polimernews.com/amp/news-article.php|access-date=2021-08-04|website=Polimer News}}</ref>

== History ==
The book Malaipadukadam in the Sangakkala literature mentions that Nannansei Nannan was a short-lived king who ruled from the Palkunrakottam hill with his capital as his capital. Many rare historical sources such as inscriptions and archeological finds have been found to prove this. Researchers also say that Nannan-ruled Navira Hill now refers to the Savvadu Hills and some to the mountains near the sea.

== Geography ==
Chengam is located at {{Coord|12.3|N|78.8|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/25/Chengam.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Chengam]</ref> It has an average elevation of 272 metres (892 feet). Chengam Municipality is located on the Pondicherry – Thiruvannamalai – Bangalore route, at a distance of 34 km from Thiruvannamalai .

== Demographics ==
Chengam is a municipality in [[Tiruvannamalai district]]. {{As of |2011}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Chengam had a population of 54,278 and an average literacy rate of 79.3%. Child population below 6 was 2,210 males and 2,479 females.

{{bar box|title=Linguistic census|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Linguistic groups|right1=Percent(%)|float=left|bars={{bar percent|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]|Red|87.64}}{{bar percent|[[Urdu]]|Green|7.79}}{{bar percent|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]|Purple|4.01}}{{bar percent|[[Creole language|Creole]]|Blue|0.4}}{{bar percent|[[Malay language|Malay]]|grey|0.13}}{{bar percent|Other|violet|0.01}}}} Chengam has 142,845 people employed; 84,623 are male and 58,222 are female with an employment ratio of 50%. Chengam is 5th in Tiruvannamalai district and ranked 69th in Tamil Nadu. The literacy ratio is 68% with 170,277 total literate people. In terms of literacy, Chengam is ranked 6th in Tiruvannamalai district and 230th in Tamil Nadu.
{{Historical populations
|align = right
|state=
|1901|3867
|1921|6305
|1931|9457
|1941|11678
|1951|14912
|1961|17441
|1981|23462
|1991|31196
|2001|41037
|2011|54278
|footnote=Sources:<br/>
* 1951 – 2001<ref>{{cite web|title=Population Details|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/thiruvannamalai/sal_population.htm|publisher=Tiruvannamalai municipality|year=2011|accessdate=2012-12-29|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227113738/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/thiruvannamalai/sal_population.htm|archivedate=2014-02-27}}</ref>
* 2011<ref name=2011census>{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Salem(05740)|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=684822|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|accessdate=26 January 2014}}</ref>
}}
{{Clear}}

==Culture==
{{Unreferenced-section|date=September 2020}}
[[File:Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple.jpg|thumb|Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival annually in May in makakaruta waxing service with great karutacevai kotierrat festival will be held in 10 days (the temple is more than 700 years old)]]

[[File:Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival annually 10days in May.jpg|thumb|]]

Chengam Sri VenuGopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple is more than 700 years old. Its architecture and layout is a model for [[Annamalaiyar Temple]].

Chengam Sri VenuGopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival is held annually in May in makakaruta waxing service with great karutacevai kotierrat festival over 10 days

*The 1st day of the festival is held on behalf of the community on the occasion of overriding Alapputtur Naidu's kotierramum tiruviti browsing Swami held at Anna's vehicle.
*The 2nd day in the morning is a ceremony held on behalf Nadars curiyapiraiyilum vatunal rice, Swami tiruvitiula vehicle is lion night.
*The 3rd day Chengam tirukalyanam on behalf of Yadavas, night anumantavakana browsing.
*The 4th day Chengam nakavakana night stroll on the city's behalf poyaccettiyarkal.
*The 5th day makakaruta service Chengam Round Tower held on behalf of Vanniyar Darshan program,
*The 6th day morning on behalf of Yadavas putupettai festival, Hindu merchants night, on behalf of the Arya Vaishya community elephant procession takes place in the vehicle.
*The 7th day Chengam tertiruvila on behalf of pantarettiyarkal takes place in the morning.
*The 8th day and night on behalf of the horse vehicle Kammavar Naidu,
*The 9th day Chengam kavarainayutukal night on behalf of Lord Indra plane going tiruvitiula.
*The 10th day of the festival is celebrated by revenue department, forest department, and in the morning on behalf Devasthanam Ceyyarrankarai unloading program of the evening is held at the Swami theerthavari.

For this festival the temple is decorated with colored lights, fireworks, naiyantimelam, karakattam (dance), is beckoning. Preparations are made for the show by the festival committee and sponsors.

==Roadways==
{{Unreferenced-section|date=September 2020}}
Chengam lies on the mid-way of NH66 plying from [[Bangalore]] to [[Pondicherry|Puducherry]] via Thiruvannamalai. It is separated from [[Thiruvannamalai]] at a distance of 35 km. It is well connected with major nearby Metro City Is [[Vellore]] City. Major towns like [[Arani, Tiruvannamalai District|Arani]] , [[Polur]], [[Thiruvannamalai]], [[Singarapettai]], [[Pudupalayam]], [[Sathanur Dam]], Thandarampattu and [[Uthangarai]]. Frequent buses ply from Chengam to [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]], [[Dharmapuri]], [[Bangalore]], [[Hosur]], [[Krishnagiri]], [[Tiruppattur, Tirupattur district|Tirupattur]], [[Vellore]], [[Chennai]], [[Polur]], [[Uthangarai]], [[Hogenakkal (village)|Hogenakkal]], [[Pondicherry]], [[Thiruvannamalai]], [[Kallakurichi]], [[Vizhuppuram]] and [[Chidambaram]].

Local town buses ply to [[Sathanur Dam]], Kadaladi, Kanchi, Polur, Pudupalayam, Singarapettai, Neepathurai, Mel ravanthavadi, Thaazhaiyoothu, Thandarampattu, Pachal and many other villages.

== Politics ==
{{Unreferenced-section|date=September 2020}}
Initially Chengam was an assembly constituency (SC) of [[Tiruppattur (Lok Sabha constituency)]]. In 2009 it changed to [[Tiruvannamalai]] Lok Sabha constituency.

==Places of interest==
* [[Sathanur Dam]] (20 km)
* [[Thiruvannamalai temple]] (30 km)
* [[Kuppanatham Dam]] (15 km)
* [[Theerthamalai]] (30 km via Mel Ravanthavadi, Neepathurai)
* [[Gingee Fort]] (60 km via Thiruvannamalai)
* [[Kalpair Vallalar temple]] (28 km)
* [[Jawadhu Hills Falls]] (10 km)
* [[Sri Pachaiyamman Temple]] (2 km)
* [[Sri Chenniamman Temple]] (25 km)
* [[Sri Pudhur Mariyamman Temple]] (10 km)
* [[Venugopala Parthasarathy temple]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Tiruvannamalai district]]