Chandrakona II - Revision history

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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chandrakona II
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|22.73|N|87.52|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Paschim Medinipur district|Paschim Medinipur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Federalism in India|Federal democracy]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 150.44
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 56
| population_total = 123,269
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 721201 (Chandrakona) 721260 (Bandipur) 721127 (Krishnapur)
| area_code = 03227
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-34
| blank1_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1 = 76.96%
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Arambagh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Arambagh]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Chandrakona (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|232 Chandrakona (SC)]]
| website = {{URL|www.paschimmedinipur.gov.in/block/chandrakona2}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Chandrakona II''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in [[Ghatal subdivision]] of [[Paschim Medinipur district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Geography==

In Chandrakona II CD block is a flat deltaic country intersected by numerous rivers and water courses. 100% of the cultivated area has highly productive [[alluvium|alluvial]] soil.<ref name="geography">{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = pages 4-5 (About Paschim Medinipur), page 26 (Predominant Soil), pages 265- 268 (Identification of Flood prone areas, Names of drought prone blocks) | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

Chandrakona is located at {{coord|22.73|N|87.52|E|format=dms|}}.

Chandrakona II CD block is bounded by [[Garhbeta I]] and [[Chandrakona I]] CD blocks in the north, [[Chandrakona I]] CD block in the east, [[Keshpur (community development block)|Keshpur]] CD block in the south and [[Garhbeta III]] CD block in the west.

It is located 47 km from [[Midnapore]], the district headquarters.

Chandrakona II CD block has an area of 150.44 km2. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 6 [[gram panchayat]]s, 86 gram sansads (village councils), 131 [[mouza]]s and 122 inhabited villages. [[Chandrakona#Police station|Chandrakona]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur | work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 14 September 2020}}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block is at Chandrakona.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Paschim Medinipur | work= Map of Paschim Medinipur with CD block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 20 November 2016 }}</ref>

Chandrakona II CD block had a forest cover of 1,050 hectares, against a total geographical area of 17,982 hectares in 2005-06.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur | work = Table 2.4, Page 28 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

[[Gram panchayat]]s of Chandrakona II block/ panchayat samiti are: Bandipur I, Bandipur II, Basanchhora, Bhagabantapur I, Bhagabantapur II and Kuapur.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref>

==Demographics==

===Population===
According to the [[2011 Census of India]] Chandrakona II CD block had a total population of 123,269, all of which were rural. There were 63,180 (51%) males and 60,089 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 15,231. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 37,330 (30.28%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 6,841 (5.55%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 3 May 2016}}</ref>

As per the 2001 census, Chandrakona II block had a total population of 106,586, out of which 54,504 were males and 52,083 were females. Chandrakona II block registered a population growth of 18.85 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web | url =http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_15.htm | title = Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, (erstwhile) Medinipur District | access-date = 22 July 2016 | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India|url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205819/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_15.htm|archive-date=September 28, 2011}}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.45 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date= 17 July 2016 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Chandrakona II CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Krishnapur (6,083), Murakata (4,411), Jhakra (4,993) and Bala (4,604).<ref name=census2011/>

Other villages in Chandrakona II CD block included (2011 census figures in brackets): Basanchhara (2,128), Bandipur (2,829), [[Jayantipur]] (613) and [[Baikunthapur, Paschim Medinipur|Baikunthapur]] (877).<ref name=census2011/>

===Literacy===
As per the 2011 census the total number of literate persons in Chandrakona II CD block was 83,145 (76.96% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 46,086 (83.09% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 37,059 (70.49% of the female population over 6 years). The gender gap in literacy rates was 12.60%.<ref name=census2011/>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Paschim Medinipur district|collapsible=y}}

===Language and religion===
According to the ''District Census Handbook, Paschim Medinipur, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, Bengali was the mother-tongue of 90.5% of the population of Paschim Medinipur district, followed by [[Santali language|Santali]] (4.6%), [[Hindi]] (1.4%), [[Kurmali language|Kurmali Thar]] (0.7%), [[Urdu]] (0.6%), [[Telugu language|Telugu]] (0.6%), [[Odia language|Odia]] (0.4%), [[Mundari language|Mundari]] (0.2%), [[Koda language|Koda/ Kora]] (0.1%), [[Munda languages|Munda]] (0.1%) and [[Nepali language|Nepali]] (0.1%). There were people, forming lesser proportion of population, having other languages as mother-tongue. People with other mother-tongues formed 0.7% of the population.<ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Paschim Medinipur, Series 20, Part XII A , 2011 census|work = page 52: Mother tongue| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | access-date = 10 September 2020}}</ref>

According to the West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 and the West Bengal Official Language (Amendment Act) 2012, the Bengali language is to be used for official purposes in the whole of West Bengal. In addition to Bengali, the Nepali language is to be used for official purposes in the three hills subdivisions, namely Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong, in the district of Darjeeling, and Urdu is to be used for official purposes in district/subdivision/ block/ municipality where the population speaking Urdu exceeds 10% of the total population. The English language will continue to be used for official purposes as it was being used prior to the enactment of these laws.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.latestlaws.com/bare-acts/state-acts-rules/west-bengal-state-laws/west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/|title = West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 |publisher= Latest Laws.com| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://advocatetanmoy.com/2018/06/26/the-west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/ |title = The West Bengal Official Language Act 1961|publisher= Advocate Tanmoy Law Library | access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbja.nic.in/wbja_adm/files/The%20Bengal%20Official%20Language%20Act,%201961_1.pdf |title = The West Bengal Official Language Act, 1961| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/official-language-status-for-urdu-in-some-west-bengal-areas/article3274293.ece |title = Official status for Urdu in some West Bengal Areas |publisher= The Hindu, 2 April 2012 | access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref>

The West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012, included Hindi, Santhali, Odiya and Punjabi as official languages if it is spoken by a population exceeding 10 per cent of the whole in a particular block or sub-division or a district. Subsequently, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi and Kurmali were also included in the list of minority languages by the West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/multi-lingual-bengal/cid/358751 |title = Multilingual Bengal |publisher= The Telegraph, 11 December 2012 | access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/kamtapuri-rajbanshi-make-it-to-list-of-official-languages-in-bengal/1263116 |title = Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi make it to the list of official languages in Bengal |publisher= Outlook, 28 February 2015 | access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref> However, as of 2020, there is no official / other reliable information about the areas covered. Census 2011 provides language data only at the district and above level.

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Chandrakona II CD block
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindu]]|Orange|78.22}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslim]]|Green|20.64}}
{{bar percent|Others|Yellow|1.14}}
}}
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 96,425 and formed 78.22% of the population in Chandrakona II CD block. Muslims numbered 25,442 and formed 20.64% of the population. Others numbered 1,402 and formed 1.14% of the population.<ref name=censusreligion2011>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html |title = C1 Population by Religious Community | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 29 July 2016}}</ref> Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14A.html |title = ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 29 July 2016}}</ref> Christians and other religious communities.<ref name=censusreligion2011/>

==BPL families==
In Chandrakona II CD block 41.84% families were living [[Below Poverty Line (India)|below poverty line]] in 2007.<ref name=bpl>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = May 2011. Page 177 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 8 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

According to the District [[Human Development Report]] of Paschim Medinipur: The 29 CD blocks of the district were classified into four categories based on the poverty ratio. Nayagram, Binpur II and Jamboni CD blocks have very high poverty levels (above 60%). Kharagpur I, Kharagpur II, Sankrail, Garhbeta II, Pingla and Mohanpur CD blocks have high levels of poverty (50-60%), Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Dantan I, Gopiballavpur II, Binpur I, Dantan II, Keshiari, Chandrakona I, Gopiballavpur I, Chandrakona II, Narayangarh, Keshpur, Ghatal, Sabang, Garhbeta I, Salboni, Debra and Garhbeta III CD blocks have moderate levels of poverty (25-50%) and Daspur II and Daspur I CD blocks have low levels of poverty (below 25%).<ref name=bpl/>

==Economy==
===Infrastructure===
121 or 92% of mouzas in Chandrakona II CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur | work = Tables 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 14 September 2020}}</ref>

122 mouzas in Chandrakona II CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 73 fertiliser depots, 149 seed stores and 29 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Agriculture===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Persons engaged in agriculture in Chandrakona II CD block'''
|value1 = 8.41
|label1 = Bargadars
|value2 = 30.43
|label2 = Patta holders
|value3 = 2.94
|label3 = Small farmers
|value4 = 18.89
|label4 = Marginal farmers
|value5 = 39.34
|label5= Agricultural labourers}}

Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not fully implemented. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Chandrakona II CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 8.41%, patta (document) holders 30.43%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2.94%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 18.89% and agricultural labourers 39.34%.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2005-06 the nett cropped area in Chandrakona II CD block was 13,100 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 9,326 hectares.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur | work = Table 2.4, Page 28 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = Chapter V: Economic Livelihoods, pages 129-131 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Chandrakona II CD block was 10,900 hectares, out of which 1,200 hectares were irrigated by tank water, 5,750 hectares by deep tubewells, 2,000 hectares by shallow tubewells, 150 hectares by river lift irrigation and 1,800 hectares by other methods.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013-14, Chandrakona II CD block produced 3,001 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 2,462 hectares, 5,663 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 1,794 hectares, 19 tonnes of wheat from 9 hectares and 145,235 tonnes of potatoes from 7,805 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Banking===
In 2013-14, Chandrakona II CD block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 1 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin bank]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

==Transport==
Chandrakona II CD block has 13 ferry services and 7 originating/ terminating bus routes.<ref name=handbook2014/>

The Kharagpur-Adra line of South Eastern Railway passes through this CD block and there is a station at Chandrakona Road.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/kharagpur-adra-passenger-58601-kgp-to-adra/5528/167/956 |title = 58601 Kharagpur-Adra Passenger |work= Time Table |publisher= indiarailinfo | access-date = 15 September 2016}}</ref>

==Communication==
===Website===
Chandrakona II development block launched its Official website http://www.chandrakona2.in/, in association with Chandrakona II Panchayet Samity on 5 July 2012 at Chandrakona Town Hall. Namita Dey, Saha-sabhadhipati, Paschim Medinipur Zilla Parishad, inaugurated the website. Anshuman Adhikary, SDO Ghatal, Mamata Chowdhury, Sabhapati, Chandrakona II Panchayet Samity, Saikat Hazra, BDO - Chandrakona II Dev. Block, Ashek Rahman, BDO Chandrakona I Dev. Block, Debabrata Roy, BDO Ghatal, graced this occasion. A felicitation ceremony with the toppers of each school/ madrasha, under Chandrakona II Dev. Block and Chandrakona municipal area, in madhyamik exam'12, higher secondary exam'12 and high madrasah exam'12, was organized simultaneously on that stage as a part of the website launching programme.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.paschimmedinipur.gov.in/block/chandrakona2 |title = Chandrakona II Development Block |publisher= Paschim Medinipur district authorities | access-date = 25 July 2016}}</ref>

==Education==
In 2013-14, Chandrakona II CD block had 110 primary schools with 8,017 students, 9 middle schools with 533 students, 9 high schools with 3,861 students and 9 higher secondary schools with 9,799 students. Chandrakona II CD block had 1 technical/ professional institution with 105 students and 215 institutions for special and non-formal education with 9,272 students. Chandrakona municipal town had 1 general college (outside the CD block).<ref name=handbook2014/>

The [[United Nations Development Programme]] considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Chandrakona II CD block out of the total 110 primary schools in 2008-2009, 38 had pucca buildings, 21 partially pucca, 1 kucha and 50 multiple type.<ref name=humandev2>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = May 2011. Page: 60 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 31 July 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

[[Chandrakona Vidyasagar Mahavidyalaya]] is the general degree college in this block.

==Culture==
The Chandrakona II CD block has two heritage temples.
<gallery widths="210px" heights="150px">
File:Pancha Ratna Shyamchandrajiu Temple at Jayantipur area of Chandrakona Town in Paschim Medinipur district 02.jpg|'''[[Jayantipur]]''': ''[[Bengal temple architecture#Ratna temple|Pancha ratna]]'' Shyamachandrajiu temple with rich terracotta [[façade]], built in 1845. It also has a 17th Century [[laterite]] built ''char chala''.

File:Pancha Ratna Gopimohanjiu temple at Baikunthapur near Chandrakona town of Paschim Medinipur district of West Bengal 03.jpg| '''[[Baikunthapur, Paschim Medinipur|Baikunthapur]]''': ''Pancha ratna'' Gopi Mohan temple, with rich teracotta [[façade]], built in the 18th entury
</gallery>

==Healthcare==
In 2014, Chandrakona II CD block had 1 rural hospital, 2 primary health centres and 1 private nursing home with total 74 beds and 13 doctors. It had 23 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 10,773 patients were treated indoor and 143,838 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Chandrakona Rural Hospital, with 60 beds at [[Chandrakona]], is the major government Chandrakona II CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at: Basanchora (PO Chhatraganj) (with 10 beds) and Bhagabantapur (with 4 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 1 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 1 September 2020}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Paschim Medinipur topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Paschim Medinipur district]]

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	Chandrakona II CD block has an area of 150.44 km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)\|panchayat samity]], 6 [[gram panchayat]]s, 86 gram sansads (village councils), 131 [[mouza]]s and 122 inhabited villages. [[Chandrakona#Police station\|Chandrakona]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook \| title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur \| work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 \| publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal \| access-date = 14 September 2020}}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block is at Chandrakona.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf \|title = District Census Handbook: Paschim Medinipur \| work= Map of Paschim Medinipur with CD block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) \|publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 \| access-date = 20 November 2016 }}</ref>		Chandrakona II CD block has an area of 150.44 km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)\|panchayat samity]], 6 [[gram panchayat]]s, 86 gram sansads (village councils), 131 [[mouza]]s and 122 inhabited villages. [[Chandrakona#Police station\|Chandrakona]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook \| title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur \| work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 \| publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal \| access-date = 14 September 2020}}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block is at Chandrakona.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf \|title = District Census Handbook: Paschim Medinipur \| work= Map of Paschim Medinipur with CD block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) \|publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 \| access-date = 20 November 2016 }}</ref>

	Chandrakona II CD block had a forest cover of 1,050 hectares, against a total geographical area of 17,982 hectares in ~~2005-06~~.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur \| work = Table 2.4, Page 28 \| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 \| access-date = 2 January 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| archive-date = 29 March 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref>		Chandrakona II CD block had a forest cover of 1,050 hectares, against a total geographical area of 17,982 hectares in 2005–06.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur \| work = Table 2.4, Page 28 \| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 \| access-date = 2 January 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| archive-date = 29 March 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref>

	[[Gram panchayat]]s of Chandrakona II block/ panchayat samiti are: Bandipur I, Bandipur II, Basanchhora, Bhagabantapur I, Bhagabantapur II and Kuapur.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx \|title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal \|work = Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008 \| publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal \| access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref>		[[Gram panchayat]]s of Chandrakona II block/ panchayat samiti are: Bandipur I, Bandipur II, Basanchhora, Bhagabantapur I, Bhagabantapur II and Kuapur.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx \|title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal \|work = Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008 \| publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal \| access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref>
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	121 or 92% of mouzas in Chandrakona II CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web \| url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook \| title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur \| work = Tables 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use \| publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal \| access-date = 14 September 2020}}</ref>		121 or 92% of mouzas in Chandrakona II CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web \| url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook \| title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur \| work = Tables 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use \| publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal \| access-date = 14 September 2020}}</ref>

	122 mouzas in Chandrakona II CD block had drinking water facilities in ~~2013-14~~. There were 73 fertiliser depots, 149 seed stores and 29 [[Public distribution system\|fair price shops]] in the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/>		122 mouzas in Chandrakona II CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013–14. There were 73 fertiliser depots, 149 seed stores and 29 [[Public distribution system\|fair price shops]] in the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

	===Agriculture===		===Agriculture===
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	\|label5= Agricultural labourers}}		\|label5= Agricultural labourers}}

	Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not fully implemented. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm \| title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas \| work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 \| publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 \| access-date = 7 August 2016 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm \| archive-date = 5 October 2016 \| url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India\|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In ~~2013-14~~, persons engaged in agriculture in Chandrakona II CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 8.41%, patta (document) holders 30.43%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2.94%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 18.89% and agricultural labourers 39.34%.<ref name=handbook2014/>		Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not fully implemented. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm \| title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas \| work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 \| publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 \| access-date = 7 August 2016 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm \| archive-date = 5 October 2016 \| url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India\|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in Chandrakona II CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 8.41%, patta (document) holders 30.43%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2.94%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 18.89% and agricultural labourers 39.34%.<ref name=handbook2014/>

	In 2005-06 the nett cropped area in Chandrakona II CD block was 13,100 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 9,326 hectares.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur \| work = Table 2.4, Page 28 \| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 \| access-date = 2 January 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| archive-date = 29 March 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref>		In 2005-06 the nett cropped area in Chandrakona II CD block was 13,100 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 9,326 hectares.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur \| work = Table 2.4, Page 28 \| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 \| access-date = 2 January 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| archive-date = 29 March 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref>

	The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur \| work = Chapter V: Economic Livelihoods, pages 129-131 \| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 \| access-date = 2 January 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| archive-date = 29 March 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref> In ~~2013-14~~, the total area irrigated in Chandrakona II CD block was 10,900 hectares, out of which 1,200 hectares were irrigated by tank water, 5,750 hectares by deep tubewells, 2,000 hectares by shallow tubewells, 150 hectares by river lift irrigation and 1,800 hectares by other methods.<ref name=handbook2014/>		The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy.<ref>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur \| work = Chapter V: Economic Livelihoods, pages 129-131 \| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 \| access-date = 2 January 2017 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| archive-date = 29 March 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref> In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in Chandrakona II CD block was 10,900 hectares, out of which 1,200 hectares were irrigated by tank water, 5,750 hectares by deep tubewells, 2,000 hectares by shallow tubewells, 150 hectares by river lift irrigation and 1,800 hectares by other methods.<ref name=handbook2014/>

	In ~~2013-14~~, Chandrakona II CD block produced 3,001 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars\|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 2,462 hectares, 5,663 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 1,794 hectares, 19 tonnes of wheat from 9 hectares and 145,235 tonnes of potatoes from 7,805 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>		In 2013–14, Chandrakona II CD block produced 3,001 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars\|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 2,462 hectares, 5,663 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 1,794 hectares, 19 tonnes of wheat from 9 hectares and 145,235 tonnes of potatoes from 7,805 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>

	===Banking===		===Banking===
	In ~~2013-14~~, Chandrakona II CD block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 1 [[Regional Rural Bank\|gramin bank]].<ref name=handbook2014/>		In 2013–14, Chandrakona II CD block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 1 [[Regional Rural Bank\|gramin bank]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

	==Transport==		==Transport==
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	==Education==		==Education==
	In ~~2013-14~~, Chandrakona II CD block had 110 primary schools with 8,017 students, 9 middle schools with 533 students, 9 high schools with 3,861 students and 9 higher secondary schools with 9,799 students. Chandrakona II CD block had 1 technical/ professional institution with 105 students and 215 institutions for special and non-formal education with 9,272 students. Chandrakona municipal town had 1 general college (outside the CD block).<ref name=handbook2014/>		In 2013–14, Chandrakona II CD block had 110 primary schools with 8,017 students, 9 middle schools with 533 students, 9 high schools with 3,861 students and 9 higher secondary schools with 9,799 students. Chandrakona II CD block had 1 technical/ professional institution with 105 students and 215 institutions for special and non-formal education with 9,272 students. Chandrakona municipal town had 1 general college (outside the CD block).<ref name=handbook2014/>

	The [[United Nations Development Programme]] considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Chandrakona II CD block out of the total 110 primary schools in ~~2008-2009~~, 38 had pucca buildings, 21 partially pucca, 1 kucha and 50 multiple type.<ref name=humandev2>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur \| work = May 2011. Page: 60 \| publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal \| access-date = 31 July 2016 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| archive-date = 29 March 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref>		The [[United Nations Development Programme]] considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Chandrakona II CD block out of the total 110 primary schools in 2008–2009, 38 had pucca buildings, 21 partially pucca, 1 kucha and 50 multiple type.<ref name=humandev2>{{cite web \| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur \| work = May 2011. Page: 60 \| publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal \| access-date = 31 July 2016 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \| archive-date = 29 March 2017 \| url-status = dead }}</ref>

	[[Chandrakona Vidyasagar Mahavidyalaya]] is the general degree college in this block.		[[Chandrakona Vidyasagar Mahavidyalaya]] is the general degree college in this block.