Chakpa language - Revision history

Siddhant Babu at 19:33, 23 February 2026

2026-02-23T19:33:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:03, 24 February 2026
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	{{Short description\|Extinct Sino-Tibetan language of India}}		{{Short description\|Extinct Sino-Tibetan language of India}}
			{{Redirect\|Loi language\|text=Loi is also the name of a dialect of the [[Ngiri language]] of Congo}}
	{{Infobox language		{{Infobox language
	\|name=Chakpa		\| name = Chakpa
	\|altname=Loi		\| altname = Loi
	\|states=[[India]]		\| states = [[India]]
	\|region=[[Manipur]]		\| region = [[Manipur]]
	\|ethnicity=		\| ethnicity =
	\|extinct=?		\| extinct = by 1950s
	~~\|date=~~		\| ref = <ref>{{cite web\|title=Atlas of the world's languages in danger\|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000187026\|website=[[UNESCO]]\|page=202\|date=2010\|access-date=2024-12-28\|author1=Christopher Moseley\|author2=Alexandre Nicolas}}</ref>
	\|ref=<ref ~~name="Huziwara 2020"~~>{{~~Cite journal \|last=Huziwara \|first=Keisuke \|date=2020~~ \|title=On the ~~Genetic Position of Chakpa Within Luish Languages~~ \|~~journal~~=~~Himalayan Linguistics~~ \|~~language~~=en \|~~volume~~=19 \|~~issue~~=2 \|~~pages~~=~~44–55~~ \|~~doi~~=~~10.5070/H91150999~~ \|~~doi-access~~=~~free~~}}</ref>		\| familycolor = Sino-Tibetan
	\|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan		\| fam2 = [[Tibeto-Burman languages\|Tibeto-Burman]]
	\|fam2=[[Sal languages\|Sal]]		\| fam3 = [[Sal languages\|Sal]]
	\|~~fam3~~=[[Jingpho–Luish languages\|Jingpho–Luish]]		\| fam4 = [[Jingpho–Luish languages\|Jingpho–Luish]]
	\|~~fam4~~=[[Luish languages\|Luish]]		\| fam5 = [[Luish languages\|Luish]]
	\|~~dialects~~=Andro, Sengmai (Sekmai), Phayeng, Chairel		\| dia1 = Andro
	\|iso3=		\| dia2 = Sengmai (Sekmai)
	\|glotto=andr1245		\| dia3 = Phayeng
	\|glottorefname=Chakpa		\| dia4 = Chairel
			\| dia5 = Khurkhul
			\| iso3 = none
			\| glotto = andr1245
			\| glottorefname = Chakpa
			\| isoexception = dialect

	}}		}}

	'''Chakpa''' ([[Meitei language\|Meitei]] ~~exonym: '''Loi'''~~) is ~~an extinct~~ [[Sino-Tibetan languages\|Sino-Tibetan language]] that was spoken in the [[Imphal]] valley of [[Manipur]], [[India]]. It belonged to the [[Luish languages\|Luish]] branch of the Sino-Tibetan family. Chakpa speakers have been shifted to that of [[Meitei language]].<ref name="Huziwara 2020" /> Varieties of the language included Sengmai and Andro.<ref name="Matisoff 2013">{{harvp\|Matisoff\|2013}}</ref>		'''Chakpa''' ([[Meitei language\|Meitei]]) is a [[Sino-Tibetan languages\|Sino-Tibetan language]] that was spoken in the [[Imphal]] valley of [[Manipur]], [[India]]. It belonged to the [[Luish languages\|Luish]] branch of the Sino-Tibetan family. Chakpa speakers have been shifted to that of [[Meitei language]].<ref name="Huziwara 2020">{{Cite journal \|last=Huziwara \|first=Keisuke \|date=2020 \|title=On the Genetic Position of Chakpa Within Luish Languages \|journal=Himalayan Linguistics \|language=en \|volume=19 \|issue=2 \|pages=44–55 \|doi=10.5070/H91150999 \|doi-access=free}}</ref> Varieties of the language included Sengmai and Andro.<ref name="Matisoff 2013">{{harvp\|Matisoff\|2013}}</ref>

	Chakpa was spoken in villages such as Andro, Sekmai (Sengmai), Phayeng, and Chairel, all of which are now Meitei-speaking villages.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />		Chakpa was spoken in villages such as Andro, Sekmai (Sengmai), Phayeng, Khurkhul and Chairel, all of which are now Meitei-speaking villages.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />

	==Other names==		==Other names==
	{{further\|Loi}}		{{further\|Loi}}
	''[[Loi]]'' (or ''Lui''; hence "[[Luish languages\|Luish]]") is a [[Meithei language\|~~Meithei~~]] [[endonym and exonym\|exonym]] that includes Chakpa. Although Chakpa are typically considered to be Loi, not all Loi are Chakpa. For example, [[Kakching]] and Kwakta are Loi villages that are not Chakpa.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />		''[[Loi]]'' (or ''Lui''; hence "[[Luish languages\|Luish]]") is a [[Meithei language\|Meitei]] [[endonym and exonym\|exonym]] that includes Chakpa. Although Chakpa are typically considered to be Loi, not all Loi are Chakpa. For example, [[Kakching]] and Kwakta are Loi villages that are not Chakpa.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />

	==Documentation==		==Documentation==
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	==Further reading==		==Further reading==
	{{refbegin}}		{{refbegin}}
	* {{Cite journal \|last=Huziwara \|first=Keisuke 藤原敬介 \|date=2012 \|title=Rui sogo no saikou ni mukete \|script-title=ja:ルイ祖語の再構にむけて \|trans-title=Toward a Reconstruction of Proto-Luish \|journal=Kyōtodaigaku gengogaku kenkyū \|language=ja \|volume=31 \|pages=~~25-131~~ \|doi=10.14989/182194 \|doi-access=free \|hdl-access=free \|script-journal=ja:京都大学言語学研究 \|hdl=2433/182194}}		* {{Cite journal \|last=Huziwara \|first=Keisuke 藤原敬介 \|date=2012 \|title=Rui sogo no saikou ni mukete \|script-title=ja:ルイ祖語の再構にむけて \|trans-title=Toward a Reconstruction of Proto-Luish \|journal=Kyōtodaigaku gengogaku kenkyū \|language=ja \|volume=31 \|pages=25–131 \|doi=10.14989/182194 \|doi-access=free \|hdl-access=free \|script-journal=ja:京都大学言語学研究 \|hdl=2433/182194}}
	* {{Cite journal \|last=Matisoff \|first=James A. \|date=2013 \|title=Re-Examining the Genetic Position of Jingpho: Putting Flesh on the Bones of the Jingpho/Luish Relationship \|url=http://sealang.net/archives/ltba/pdf/LTBA-36.2.15.pdf \|journal=Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area \|language=en \|volume=36 \|issue=2 \|pages=15–95}}		* {{Cite journal \|last=Matisoff \|first=James A. \|date=2013 \|title=Re-Examining the Genetic Position of Jingpho: Putting Flesh on the Bones of the Jingpho/Luish Relationship \|url=http://sealang.net/archives/ltba/pdf/LTBA-36.2.15.pdf \|journal=Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area \|language=en \|volume=36 \|issue=2 \|pages=15–95}}
	{{refend}}		{{refend}}
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	{{Sino-Tibetan languages}}		{{Sino-Tibetan languages}}
	{{Sal languages}}		{{Sal languages}}

			{{Authority control}}

	[[Category:Sal languages]]		[[Category:Sal languages]]
	[[Category:Languages of Myanmar]]		[[Category:Languages of Myanmar]]
			[[Category:Extinct languages of Asia]]

UpdateBot at 16:06, 14 June 2022

2022-06-14T16:06:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:36, 14 June 2022
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	}}		}}

	'''Chakpa''' (~~Meithei~~ exonym: '''Loi''') is an extinct [[Sino-Tibetan languages\|Sino-Tibetan language]] that was spoken in the [[Imphal]] valley of [[Manipur]], [[India]]. It belonged to the [[Luish languages\|Luish]] branch of the Sino-Tibetan family. Chakpa speakers have ~~since~~ shifted to [[~~Meithei~~ language~~\|Meithei~~]].<ref name="Huziwara 2020" /> Varieties of the language included Sengmai and Andro.<ref name="Matisoff 2013">{{harvp\|Matisoff\|2013}}</ref>		'''Chakpa''' ([[Meitei language\|Meitei]] exonym: '''Loi''') is an extinct [[Sino-Tibetan languages\|Sino-Tibetan language]] that was spoken in the [[Imphal]] valley of [[Manipur]], [[India]]. It belonged to the [[Luish languages\|Luish]] branch of the Sino-Tibetan family. Chakpa speakers have been shifted to that of [[Meitei language]].<ref name="Huziwara 2020" /> Varieties of the language included Sengmai and Andro.<ref name="Matisoff 2013">{{harvp\|Matisoff\|2013}}</ref>

	Chakpa was spoken in villages such as Andro, Sekmai (Sengmai), Phayeng, and Chairel, all of which are now ~~Meithei~~-speaking villages.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />		Chakpa was spoken in villages such as Andro, Sekmai (Sengmai), Phayeng, and Chairel, all of which are now Meitei-speaking villages.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />

	==Other names==		==Other names==
	{{further\|Loi}}		{{further\|Loi}}
	''[[Loi]]'' (or ''Lui''; hence "[[Luish languages\|Luish]]") is a [[Meithei language\|Meithei]] [[endonym and exonym\|exonym]] that includes Chakpa. Although Chakpa are typically considered to be Loi, not all Loi are Chakpa. For example, Kakching and ~~Kwata~~ are Loi villages that are not Chakpa.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />		''[[Loi]]'' (or ''Lui''; hence "[[Luish languages\|Luish]]") is a [[Meithei language\|Meithei]] [[endonym and exonym\|exonym]] that includes Chakpa. Although Chakpa are typically considered to be Loi, not all Loi are Chakpa. For example, [[Kakching]] and Kwakta are Loi villages that are not Chakpa.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />

	==Documentation==		==Documentation==
	Chakpa is preserved in written manuscripts that are recited by ~~[[pandit]]s~~ during traditional ceremonies, such as those of the [[Lai Haraoba]] festival.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />		Chakpa is preserved in written manuscripts that are recited by religious scholars during traditional ceremonies, such as those of the [[Lai Haraoba]] festival.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />

	Chakpa word lists can be found in McCulloch (1859)<ref name="McCulloch 1859">{{Cite book \|last=McCulloch \|first=W. \|url={{google books\|OeYwAQAAMAAJ\|plainurl=yes}} \|title=Account of the Valley of Munnipore and of the Hill Tribes: With a Comparative Vocabulary of the Munnipore and Other Languages \|date=1859 \|publisher=Bengal Printing Company \|location=Calcutta \|language=en}}</ref> and Basanta (1998).<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Basanta \|first=Ningombam \|title=Modernisation, Challenge and Response: A Study of the Chakpa Community of Manipur \|date=2008 \|publisher=Akansha Publishing House \|location=New Delhi \|language=en}}</ref>		Chakpa word lists can be found in McCulloch (1859)<ref name="McCulloch 1859">{{Cite book \|last=McCulloch \|first=W. \|url={{google books\|OeYwAQAAMAAJ\|plainurl=yes}} \|title=Account of the Valley of Munnipore and of the Hill Tribes: With a Comparative Vocabulary of the Munnipore and Other Languages \|date=1859 \|publisher=Bengal Printing Company \|location=Calcutta \|language=en}}</ref> and Basanta (1998).<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Basanta \|first=Ningombam \|title=Modernisation, Challenge and Response: A Study of the Chakpa Community of Manipur \|date=2008 \|publisher=Akansha Publishing House \|location=New Delhi \|language=en}}</ref>
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	==Further reading==		==Further reading==
	{{refbegin}}		{{refbegin}}
	* {{Cite journal \|last=Huziwara \|first=Keisuke 藤原敬介 \|date=2012 \|title=Rui sogo no saikou ni mukete \|script-title=ja:ルイ祖語の再構にむけて \|trans-title=Toward a Reconstruction of Proto-Luish \|journal=Kyōtodaigaku gengogaku kenkyū \|language=ja \|volume=31 \|pages=~~25–131~~ \|doi=10.14989/182194 \|doi-access=free \|hdl-access=free \|script-journal=ja:京都大学言語学研究 \|hdl=2433/182194}}		* {{Cite journal \|last=Huziwara \|first=Keisuke 藤原敬介 \|date=2012 \|title=Rui sogo no saikou ni mukete \|script-title=ja:ルイ祖語の再構にむけて \|trans-title=Toward a Reconstruction of Proto-Luish \|journal=Kyōtodaigaku gengogaku kenkyū \|language=ja \|volume=31 \|pages=25-131 \|doi=10.14989/182194 \|doi-access=free \|hdl-access=free \|script-journal=ja:京都大学言語学研究 \|hdl=2433/182194}}
	* {{Cite journal \|last=Matisoff \|first=James A. \|date=2013 \|title=Re-Examining the Genetic Position of Jingpho: Putting Flesh on the Bones of the Jingpho/Luish Relationship \|url=http://sealang.net/archives/ltba/pdf/LTBA-36.2.15.pdf \|journal=Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area \|language=en \|volume=36 \|issue=2 \|pages=15–95}}		* {{Cite journal \|last=Matisoff \|first=James A. \|date=2013 \|title=Re-Examining the Genetic Position of Jingpho: Putting Flesh on the Bones of the Jingpho/Luish Relationship \|url=http://sealang.net/archives/ltba/pdf/LTBA-36.2.15.pdf \|journal=Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area \|language=en \|volume=36 \|issue=2 \|pages=15–95}}
	{{refend}}		{{refend}}

CleanupBot: /* Further reading */clean up

2022-01-03T17:06:07Z

>Reidgreg: Adding short description: "Extinct Sino-Tibetan language of India" (Shortdesc helper)

2021-10-05T23:21:13Z

Adding short description: "Extinct Sino-Tibetan language of India" (Shortdesc helper)

New page

{{Short description|Extinct Sino-Tibetan language of India}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Chakpa
|altname=Loi
|states=[[India]]
|region=[[Manipur]]
|ethnicity=
|extinct=?
|date=
|ref=<ref name="Huziwara 2020">{{Cite journal |last=Huziwara |first=Keisuke |date=2020 |title=On the Genetic Position of Chakpa Within Luish Languages |journal=Himalayan Linguistics |language=en |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=44–55 |doi=10.5070/H91150999 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan
|fam2=[[Sal languages|Sal]]
|fam3=[[Jingpho–Luish languages|Jingpho–Luish]]
|fam4=[[Luish languages|Luish]]
|dialects=Andro, Sengmai (Sekmai), Phayeng, Chairel
|iso3=
|glotto=andr1245
|glottorefname=Chakpa
}}

'''Chakpa''' (Meithei exonym: '''Loi''') is an extinct [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan language]] that was spoken in the [[Imphal]] valley of [[Manipur]], [[India]]. It belonged to the [[Luish languages|Luish]] branch of the Sino-Tibetan family. Chakpa speakers have since shifted to [[Meithei language|Meithei]].<ref name="Huziwara 2020" /> Varieties of the language included Sengmai and Andro.<ref name="Matisoff 2013">{{harvp|Matisoff|2013}}</ref>

Chakpa was spoken in villages such as Andro, Sekmai (Sengmai), Phayeng, and Chairel, all of which are now Meithei-speaking villages.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />

==Other names==
{{further|Loi}}
''[[Loi]]'' (or ''Lui''; hence "[[Luish languages|Luish]]") is a [[Meithei language|Meithei]] [[endonym and exonym|exonym]] that includes Chakpa. Although Chakpa are typically considered to be Loi, not all Loi are Chakpa. For example, Kakching and Kwata are Loi villages that are not Chakpa.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />

==Documentation==
Chakpa is preserved in written manuscripts that are recited by [[pandit]]s during traditional ceremonies, such as those of the [[Lai Haraoba]] festival.<ref name="Huziwara 2020" />

Chakpa word lists can be found in McCulloch (1859)<ref name="McCulloch 1859">{{Cite book |last=McCulloch |first=W. |url={{google books|OeYwAQAAMAAJ|plainurl=yes}} |title=Account of the Valley of Munnipore and of the Hill Tribes: With a Comparative Vocabulary of the Munnipore and Other Languages |date=1859 |publisher=Bengal Printing Company |location=Calcutta |language=en}}</ref> and Basanta (1998).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Basanta |first=Ningombam |title=Modernisation, Challenge and Response: A Study of the Chakpa Community of Manipur |date=2008 |publisher=Akansha Publishing House |location=New Delhi |language=en}}</ref>

The Chairel variety is documented in a word list by McCulloch (1859).<ref name="McCulloch 1859" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Huziwara |first=Keisuke 藤原敬介 |date=2012 |title=Rui sogo no saikou ni mukete |script-title=ja:ルイ祖語の再構にむけて |trans-title=Toward a Reconstruction of Proto-Luish |journal=Kyōtodaigaku gengogaku kenkyū |language=ja |volume=31 |pages=25-131 |doi=10.14989/182194 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free |script-journal=ja:京都大学言語学研究 |hdl=2433/182194}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Matisoff |first=James A. |date=2013 |title=Re-Examining the Genetic Position of Jingpho: Putting Flesh on the Bones of the Jingpho/Luish Relationship |url=http://sealang.net/archives/ltba/pdf/LTBA-36.2.15.pdf |journal=Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area |language=en |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=15–95}}
{{refend}}

{{Sino-Tibetan languages}}
{{Sal languages}}

[[Category:Sal languages]]
[[Category:Languages of Myanmar]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:36, 3 January 2022
Line 39:		Line 39:
	==Further reading==		==Further reading==
	{{refbegin}}		{{refbegin}}
	* {{Cite journal \|last=Huziwara \|first=Keisuke 藤原敬介 \|date=2012 \|title=Rui sogo no saikou ni mukete \|script-title=ja:ルイ祖語の再構にむけて \|trans-title=Toward a Reconstruction of Proto-Luish \|journal=Kyōtodaigaku gengogaku kenkyū \|language=ja \|volume=31 \|pages=~~25-131~~ \|doi=10.14989/182194 \|doi-access=free \|hdl-access=free \|script-journal=ja:京都大学言語学研究 \|hdl=2433/182194}}		* {{Cite journal \|last=Huziwara \|first=Keisuke 藤原敬介 \|date=2012 \|title=Rui sogo no saikou ni mukete \|script-title=ja:ルイ祖語の再構にむけて \|trans-title=Toward a Reconstruction of Proto-Luish \|journal=Kyōtodaigaku gengogaku kenkyū \|language=ja \|volume=31 \|pages=25–131 \|doi=10.14989/182194 \|doi-access=free \|hdl-access=free \|script-journal=ja:京都大学言語学研究 \|hdl=2433/182194}}
	* {{Cite journal \|last=Matisoff \|first=James A. \|date=2013 \|title=Re-Examining the Genetic Position of Jingpho: Putting Flesh on the Bones of the Jingpho/Luish Relationship \|url=http://sealang.net/archives/ltba/pdf/LTBA-36.2.15.pdf \|journal=Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area \|language=en \|volume=36 \|issue=2 \|pages=15–95}}		* {{Cite journal \|last=Matisoff \|first=James A. \|date=2013 \|title=Re-Examining the Genetic Position of Jingpho: Putting Flesh on the Bones of the Jingpho/Luish Relationship \|url=http://sealang.net/archives/ltba/pdf/LTBA-36.2.15.pdf \|journal=Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area \|language=en \|volume=36 \|issue=2 \|pages=15–95}}
	{{refend}}		{{refend}}