Chaitanya Mahaprabhu - Revision history

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	{{Short description\|~~15th-century~~ Indian Vaishnavite Hindu saint}}		{{Short description\|Indian Vaishnavite Hindu saint (1486–1534)}}
	{{redirect\|Krishna Chaitanya\|the Telugu lyricist\|Krishna Chaitanya (lyricist)}}		{{redirect\|Krishna Chaitanya\|the Telugu lyricist\|Krishna Chaitanya (lyricist)}}
	{{redirect\|Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu\|the 1954 Hindi film\|Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (film)}}		{{redirect\|Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu\|the 1954 Hindi film\|Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (film)}}
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	{{Vaishnavism}}		{{Vaishnavism}}
	{{Hinduism}}		{{Hinduism}}
	'''Chaitanya Mahaprabhu''' ({{langx\|bn\|মহাপ্রভু শ্রীচৈতন্য দেব}}; {{langx\|sa\|चैतन्य महाप्रभु\|Caitanya Mahāprabhu}}), born '''Vishvambhara Mishra''' ({{IAST3\|Viśvambhara Miśra}}<ref name="Banglapedia Chaitanya"/>) (28 February 1486 – 14 June 1534{{sfn\|Delmonico\|2007\|loc=p. 549: "The form of Vaishnavism inspired by the sixteenth-century saint-reformer Shri Krishna Chaitanya (1486–1533 C.E.) rested heavily upon a belief in the purifying and salvific powers of the names of God, whose fullest self-revelation Chaitanya believed to be Krishna"}}), was an Indian [[Hindus\|Hindu]] saint from [[Bengal]] and the founder of [[Gaudiya Vaishnavism]]. Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's mode of worshipping [[Krishna]] with [[bhajan]]-[[kirtan]] and dance influenced [[Vaishnavism]] in [[Bengal]].		'''Chaitanya Mahaprabhu''' ({{langx\|bn\|মহাপ্রভু শ্রীচৈতন্য দেব}}; {{langx\|sa\|चैतन्य महाप्रभु\|Caitanya Mahāprabhu}}), born '''Vishvambhara Mishra''' ({{IAST3\|Viśvambhara Miśra}}<ref name="Banglapedia Chaitanya"/>) (18 February 1486 – 14 June 1534{{sfn\|Delmonico\|2007\|loc=p. 549: "The form of Vaishnavism inspired by the sixteenth-century saint-reformer Shri Krishna Chaitanya (1486–1533 C.E.) rested heavily upon a belief in the purifying and salvific powers of the names of God, whose fullest self-revelation Chaitanya believed to be Krishna"}}), was an Indian [[Hindus\|Hindu]] saint from [[Bengal]] and the founder of [[Gaudiya Vaishnavism]]. Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's mode of worshipping [[Krishna]] with [[bhajan]]-[[kirtan]] and dance influenced [[Vaishnavism]] in [[Bengal]]. He is often considered to be an incarnation of lord [[Krishna]]. He is also sometimes considered to be the combined [[Avatar]] of goddess [[Radha]] and lord [[Krishna]].

	He is considered the chief proponent of the Vedantic philosophy of [[Achintya Bheda Abheda]]. The concept of inconceivable difference in non-difference, known as achintya-bhedabheda, was explained later by [[Jiva Goswami]] in his book Bhagavat Sandharbha,{{sfn\|Dasa\|2007\|loc=pp. 377-378: "The Bhagavat Sandarbha [...] describes the concept of Bhagavan alluded to in Bhagavata 1.2.11. Jiva explains [...] [t]he relation between Bhagavan and His potency is one of inconceivable difference in non-difference, known as achintya-bhedabheda. It is in recognition of the nature of this relation that Chaitanya’s philosophy is called Achintya bhedaabheda-vada"}} and in his Sarva-samvadini.{{sfn\|Gupta\|2007\|loc=p. 46, footnote 30: "[I]n the Sarva-samvadini, [J]iva Gosvami lists the names of different teachers and their schools of Vedanta, and then concludes by saying, 'sva-mate tu acintya-bhedabhedah,' 'but my view is acintya-bhedabheda'"}}{{sfn\|Krsna Dasa, T.\|2022\|loc="[Jiva Goswami in his] Sarva-samvadini [commenting] Anuccheda 77 and 78 of the Paramatma Sandarbha [states that:] 'It is well known that Gautama, Kaṇāda, Jaimini, Kapila and Patañjali, as well as śrī-rāmānuja and śrī-madhvācārya’s accept bheda alone. To us, acintya-bheda-abheda alone is acceptable, because the substantive is endowed with acintya śaktis' "}}		He is considered the chief proponent of the Vedantic philosophy of [[Achintya Bheda Abheda]]. The concept of inconceivable difference in non-difference, known as achintya-bhedabheda, was explained later by [[Jiva Goswami]] in his book Bhagavat Sandharbha,{{sfn\|Dasa\|2007\|loc=pp. 377-378: "The Bhagavat Sandarbha [...] describes the concept of Bhagavan alluded to in Bhagavata 1.2.11. Jiva explains [...] [t]he relation between Bhagavan and His potency is one of inconceivable difference in non-difference, known as achintya-bhedabheda. It is in recognition of the nature of this relation that Chaitanya’s philosophy is called Achintya bhedaabheda-vada"}} and in his Sarva-samvadini.{{sfn\|Gupta\|2007\|loc=p. 46, footnote 30: "[I]n the Sarva-samvadini, [J]iva Gosvami lists the names of different teachers and their schools of Vedanta, and then concludes by saying, 'sva-mate tu acintya-bhedabhedah,' 'but my view is acintya-bhedabheda'"}}{{sfn\|Krsna Dasa, T.\|2022\|loc="[Jiva Goswami in his] Sarva-samvadini [commenting] Anuccheda 77 and 78 of the Paramatma Sandarbha [states that:] 'It is well known that Gautama, Kaṇāda, Jaimini, Kapila and Patañjali, as well as śrī-rāmānuja and śrī-madhvācārya’s accept bheda alone. To us, acintya-bheda-abheda alone is acceptable, because the substantive is endowed with acintya śaktis' "}}
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	While still a student, his father died, and he soon married Lakṣmīpriyā. He travelled to east Bengal to become a scholar and support his family, but his wife died in his absence. He then married [[Vishnupriya\|Viṣnupriyā]], the daughter of paṇḍit Sanātana Miśra. Viśhvambara, also known as Nimāi Paṇḍit, was a promising Sanskrit scholar and is said to have once defeated [[Keshav Kashmiri\|Keśava Bhaṭṭa]] of the [[Nimbarka Sampradaya\|Nimbārka]] school in a debate on Sanskrit prosody, an example of his "superhuman erudition".<ref name=":0" />		While still a student, his father died, and he soon married Lakṣmīpriyā. He travelled to east Bengal to become a scholar and support his family, but his wife died in his absence. He then married [[Vishnupriya\|Viṣnupriyā]], the daughter of paṇḍit Sanātana Miśra. Viśhvambara, also known as Nimāi Paṇḍit, was a promising Sanskrit scholar and is said to have once defeated [[Keshav Kashmiri\|Keśava Bhaṭṭa]] of the [[Nimbarka Sampradaya\|Nimbārka]] school in a debate on Sanskrit prosody, an example of his "superhuman erudition".<ref name=":0" />

	Around 1508-1509, he left Nabadvip for Gaya to perform [[śrāddha]], a ritual homage to his dead father. There, he met an ascetic named Īśvara Purī, who initiated him using a mantra for [[Krishna\|Kr̥ṣṇa]] worship. Gaudiya texts describe that after this meeting Viśvambhara abandoned all scholarly and domestic pursuits, developing an intense desire to hear and speak about Krishna. Within a year he took a vow of ''saṃnyāsa'' (renunciation) from his guru, Keśava Bhāratī, and changed his name to Kr̥ṣṇa Caitanya. His mother then asked him to at least live in the city of Puri so that he would not be too far from Bengal.<ref name=":0" />		Around 1508-1509, he left Nabadvip for [[Gaya]] to perform [[śrāddha]], a ritual homage to his dead father. There, he met an ascetic named Īśvara Purī, who initiated him using a mantra for [[Krishna\|Kr̥ṣṇa]] worship. Gaudiya texts describe that after this meeting Viśvambhara abandoned all scholarly and domestic pursuits, developing an intense desire to hear and speak about Krishna. Within a year he took a vow of ''saṃnyāsa'' (renunciation) from his guru, Keśava Bhāratī, and changed his name to Kr̥ṣṇa Caitanya. His mother then asked him to at least live in the city of Puri so that he would not be too far from Bengal.<ref name=":0" />

	After his [[Renunciate\|renunciation]], Caitanya spent his time teaching Kr̥ṣṇa bhakti and engaging in communal ''saṁkīrtana''. Hagiographies describe debates with followers of [[Advaita Vedanta\|Advaita Vedānta]] and other theological opponents in form of ''digvijaya'' (conquest through debate). He spent two months in Vrindavan in c. 1515, where he instructed [[Sanatana Goswami\|Sanātana Gosvāmī]] and [[Rupa Goswami\|Rūpa Gosvāmī]]. He spent the last two decades of his life in Puri, where his ecstatic seizures yearning for Kr̥ṣṇa and his consorts, mainly Rādhā, intensified. He died in c. 1528-1534.<ref name=":0" />		After his [[Renunciate\|renunciation]], Caitanya spent his time teaching Kr̥ṣṇa bhakti and engaging in communal ''saṁkīrtana''. Hagiographies describe debates with followers of [[Advaita Vedanta\|Advaita Vedānta]] and other theological opponents in form of ''digvijaya'' (conquest through debate). He spent two months in Vrindavan in c. 1515, where he instructed [[Sanatana Goswami\|Sanātana Gosvāmī]] and [[Rupa Goswami\|Rūpa Gosvāmī]]. He spent the last two decades of his life in Puri, where his ecstatic seizures yearning for Kr̥ṣṇa and his consorts, mainly Rādhā, intensified. He died in c. 1528-1534.<ref name=":0" />
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	{{Caitanya sampradaya}}		{{Caitanya sampradaya}}
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	{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahaprabhu, Chaitanya}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahaprabhu, Chaitanya}}

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	Also in some other Scriptures like [[Vishnu Sahasranama]], [[Bhavishya Purana]], [[Padma Purana]] and [[Garuda Purana]] there are references of Chaitanaya Mahaprabhu being an incarnation of Krishna. Evidence such as the Krishna-varnam verse SB 11.5.32 have many interpretations by scholars, including Sridhara Svami who is accepted as an authority by Mahaprabhu himself.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.jiva.org/sri-gadadhara-panditas-role-in-the-gaudiya-sampradaya/\|title=Faith in Chaitanya Mahaprabhu as Krishna\|website=jiva.org\|date=10 March 2013\|language=en\|access-date=10 March 2013\|archive-date=29 December 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229123700/http://www.jiva.org/sri-gadadhara-panditas-role-in-the-gaudiya-sampradaya/\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Also in some other Scriptures like [[Vishnu Sahasranama]], [[Bhavishya Purana]], [[Padma Purana]] and [[Garuda Purana]] there are references of Chaitanaya Mahaprabhu being an incarnation of Krishna. Evidence such as the Krishna-varnam verse SB 11.5.32 have many interpretations by scholars, including Sridhara Svami who is accepted as an authority by Mahaprabhu himself.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.jiva.org/sri-gadadhara-panditas-role-in-the-gaudiya-sampradaya/\|title=Faith in Chaitanya Mahaprabhu as Krishna\|website=jiva.org\|date=10 March 2013\|language=en\|access-date=10 March 2013\|archive-date=29 December 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229123700/http://www.jiva.org/sri-gadadhara-panditas-role-in-the-gaudiya-sampradaya/\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	[[Gaudiya Vaishnavism\|Gaudiya Vaishnavas]] consider Chaitanya to be Lord Krishna himself but appearing in the covered form (''channa avatāra'') who appeared in the [[Kali Yuga]] as his own devotee to show the easiest way to achieve Krishna Consciousness.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CQiBgAAQBAJ&q=the+hidden+incarnation&pg=PT9\|title=The Golden Volcano of Divine Love: The Highest Conception of Ultimate Reality\|last=Sridhar\|first=Bhakti Rakshak\|publisher=Sri Chaitanya Saraswat Math\|pages=36\|language=en}}</ref> The Gaudiya Vaishnava acharya Bhaktivinoda Thakura also became aware of the rare manuscript known as the Chaitanya Upanisad of the Atharvaveda section, which reveals the identity of Chaitanya.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Sri Chaitanya in the Vedas {{!}} Krishna.com \|url=http://www.krishna.com/sri-chaitanya-vedas \|website=www.krishna.com \|access-date=12 October 2020 \|archive-date=23 September 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923064711/http://www.krishna.com/sri-chaitanya-vedas \|url-status=live }}</ref> There are various evidences in the Hindu scriptures to show that, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu was non-different from Krishna. Unlike the other avatars of Krishna he did not kill any demon. Furthermore, Mahaprabhu revealed and propagated the great benefits of chanting the Hare Krishna Mahamantra. According to Chaitanya Bhagavat, which gives a detailed description of Mahaprabhu's life, Mahaprabhu made a prediction that the holy name of Krishna would be sung in every town and village of the world. The fulfillment of this prediction was manifested through the International Society of Krishna Consciousness, which was started by Srila Prabhupada in the USA, as it has spread the ideas of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu through much of the world. {{Citation needed\|date=January 2022}}		[[Gaudiya Vaishnavism\|Gaudiya Vaishnavas]] consider Chaitanya to be Lord Krishna himself but appearing in the covered form (''channa avatāra'') who appeared in the [[Kali Yuga]] as his own devotee to show the easiest way to achieve Krishna Consciousness.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CQiBgAAQBAJ&q=the+hidden+incarnation&pg=PT9\|title=The Golden Volcano of Divine Love: The Highest Conception of Ultimate Reality\|last=Sridhar\|first=Bhakti Rakshak\|publisher=Sri Chaitanya Saraswat Math\|pages=36\|language=en}}</ref> The Gaudiya Vaishnava acharya Bhaktivinoda Thakura also became aware of the rare manuscript known as the Chaitanya Upanisad of the Atharvaveda section, which reveals the identity of Chaitanya.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Sri Chaitanya in the Vedas {{!}} Krishna.com \|url=http://www.krishna.com/sri-chaitanya-vedas \|website=www.krishna.com \|access-date=12 October 2020 \|archive-date=23 September 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923064711/http://www.krishna.com/sri-chaitanya-vedas \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	==Teachings==		==Teachings==
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	the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) and link there using {{Dmoz}}.		the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) and link there using {{Dmoz}}.

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	~~{{Sister project links\|Chaitanya Mahaprabhu\|display=Chaitanya Mahaprabhu\|wikt=no\|v=no\|voy=no\|n=no\|b=no\|author=no\|d=Q870262}}~~
	* {{Internet Archive author}}		* {{Internet Archive author}}
	* {{Internet Archive author\|name=Chaitanya}}		* {{Internet Archive author\|name=Chaitanya}}
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	{{Caitanya sampradaya}}		{{Caitanya sampradaya}}
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	{{Portal bar\|Hinduism\|India\|Religion\|Biography\|Philosophy}}		{{Portal bar\|Hinduism\|India\|Religion\|Biography\|Philosophy}}

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